Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Bence C. C. Farkas, Attila Krajcsi, Karolina Janacsek, Dezso Nemeth
Summary: Reliability estimation is crucial but underutilized in neuroscience and cognitive psychology. Appreciating reliability can improve statistical power, effect sizes, and reproducibility, and help make informed methodological choices. Accurately calculating reliability for experimental learning tasks is challenging.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Felipe Pedraza, Teodora Vekony, Dezso Nemeth
Summary: The serial reaction time task is widely used to assess learning in human and animal subjects in behavioral and cognitive neuroscience. While many refer to it as a 'motor learning task', it is also important to recognize its role in perceptual learning. The incorrect use of the term 'motor learning' can lead to misinterpretations and flawed hypotheses in neuroscientific, neuroimaging, and clinical studies, creating a domino effect.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Melanie Mazars, Aurelie Simoes-Perlant, Pierre-Vincent Paubel, Celine Lemercier
Summary: As educators, teachers need to be aware of both implicit and explicit learning processes and how emotions can impact students' performances. This study examined the efficiency of implicit learning in 8- to 11-year-old children and the influence of emotions on this type of learning. The results showed that the task condition and induction of happiness had significant effects on reaction times, indicating the need for further research on the interaction between emotions and implicit learning in children.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Johanna Sanchez-Mora, Ricardo M. Tamayo
Summary: This laboratory study found that sleep has a significant impact on explicit memory but not implicit memory, while wakefulness showed similar performance on both explicit and implicit memory tasks.
Review
Neurosciences
Bence Cs. Farkas, Eszter Toth-Faber, Karolina Janacsek, Dezso Nemeth
Summary: Tourette's syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by repetitive movements and vocalizations, potentially linked to altered functioning of the procedural memory system. Previous studies have reported mixed findings in procedural memory performance in TS patients, which could be attributed to sample diversity, task variations, small sample sizes, and confounding effects of other cognitive functions. A process-oriented view of procedural memory functions might help integrate these diverse findings.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Felix Hao Wang, Elsi Kaiser
Summary: This study examines whether implicit learning can induce syntactic priming by using a nonlinguistic task. The results suggest that implicit knowledge from a domain-general sequencing task alone does not necessarily cause syntactic priming.
Article
Neurosciences
Tania Llana, Marta Mendez, Candela Zorzo, Camino Fidalgo, M. -Carmen Juan, Magdalena Mendez-Lopez
Summary: This study investigates the acquisition and consolidation of declarative and procedural memory in long-COVID patients and explores the potential relationship between anosmia and these memory functions. The results suggest that long-COVID patients exhibit deficits in general cognition, psychomotor speed, sustained attention, and incidental learning. They also show impaired long-term retention of verbal declarative memory and procedural memory. Anosmia in long-COVID patients may be associated with dysfunction in the limbic system.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Martina Hedenius, Jarrad A. G. Lum, Sven Bolte
Summary: The study found that consolidation of procedural memory is impaired in developmental dyslexia (DD) even when the initial learning session is prolonged. Further research is encouraged on the mechanisms supporting procedural memory consolidation in children with DD, and how these mechanisms may be strengthened.
Article
Neurosciences
Bernardo Villa-Sanchez, Mehran Emadi Andani, Paola Cesari, Mirta Fiorio
Summary: This study investigated the effects of two types of placebo interventions on motor performance and perceived fatigability. The results showed that the motor-related placebo intervention group performed better in motor tasks and reported less physical fatigue, while the cognitive-related placebo intervention group perceived lower fatigue levels both mentally and physically.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eli Vakil, Simone Schwizer Ashkenazi, Mishael Nevet-Perez, Sharon Hassin-Baer
Summary: This study used an eye tracker in an ocular SRT task version to investigate impaired sequence learning in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Results showed that PD patients had low Correct Anticipation rate and high Stucks rate, indicating difficulty in exploration for an efficient learning strategy.
BRAIN AND COGNITION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Merve Akca, Jonna Katariina Vuoskoski, Bruno Laeng, Laura Bishop
Summary: Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of participant factors (musical sophistication, working memory capacity) and stimulus factors (sound duration, timbre) on auditory recognition. Experiment 1a showed that short exposure to stimuli (60 to 150 milliseconds) did not impair recognition. In Experiment 1b, 30 milliseconds of exposure significantly impaired recognition, but the effect was smaller for voice and sine tone targets, suggesting different temporal constraints for different sound sources.
Article
Neurosciences
Eszter Toth-Faber, Zsanett Tarnok, Adam Takacs, Karolina Janacsek, Dezso Nemeth
Summary: Tourette syndrome is a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics. This study investigated the acquisition and retention of procedural memory in children with TS, finding evidence for short-term and long-term retention of probability-based information, but potential impairment in learning of serial-order information.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mahyar Firouzi, Kris Baetens, Eva Swinnen, Chris Baeken, Frank Van Overwalle, Natacha Deroost
Summary: This study aims to investigate the potential of tDCS over M1 to enhance IMSL in persons with PD, focusing on reacquisition effects. Using a sham-controlled design, the study will analyze the sequence-specific and general learning aspects of IMSL and examine the short-term and long-term reacquisition effects of tDCS.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christopher E. J. Doppler, Linda Meyer, Aline Seger, Wolfram Karges, Peter H. Weiss, Gereon R. Fink
Summary: This study investigates the effects of oxytocin on procedural learning and how it interacts with monetary and social feedback. The results suggest that oxytocin does not directly influence procedural learning, but attenuates the effects of monetary feedback on procedural learning specifically.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Isaac N. Treves, Jonathan Cannon, Eren Shin, Cindy E. E. Li, Lindsay Bungert, Amanda O'Brien, Annie Cardinaux, Pawan Sinha, John D. E. Gabrieli
Summary: Some theories suggest that autistic individuals struggle with learning predictive relationships. To test this, we conducted a serial reaction time task with 61 autistic and 71 neurotypical adults. The autistic group had slower reaction times overall, but showed sequence-specific learning similar to the neurotypical group, indicating typical procedural memory in autism. However, the neurotypical group made more prediction-related errors early on when the stimuli changed, suggesting limited behavioral differences in the learning or utilization of predictive relationships in autistic adults.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Dimitrije Markovic, Thomas Goschke, Stefan J. Kiebel
Summary: Cognitive control is the set of mechanisms enabling humans to integrate action consequences over longer time scales, with computational cognitive models successfully explaining behavior related to cognitive control. Cognitive control can be framed as active inference over a hierarchy of time scales, with meta-control states linking higher-level beliefs to lower-level policy inference. Solutions to cognitive control dilemmas emerge through surprisal minimization at different hierarchy levels.
COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca Overmeyer, Julia Berghaeuser, Raoul Dieterich, Max Wolff, Thomas Goschke, Tanja Endrass
Summary: Higher amplitudes of the error-related negativity (ERN) were found to be related to fewer self-control failures (SCFs) in daily life, suggesting that lower error-related activity may lead to lower recruitment of interventive self-control in daily life.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
P. Riedel, M. Wolff, M. Spreer, J. Petzold, M. H. Plawecki, T. Goschke, U. S. Zimmermann, M. N. Smolka
Summary: This study aimed to examine the acute effects of alcohol on attentional inhibition, finding that moderate alcohol exposure did not impair attentional inhibition but did increase response times. The results suggest that response and attentional inhibition do not share the same neurocognitive mechanisms and are affected differently by alcohol.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Ben Eppinger, Thomas Goschke, Sebastian Musslick
Summary: The research in cognitive control has revealed the importance of meta-level processes in regulating cognitive control. From psychological, computational, and cognitive neuroscience perspectives, meta-control serves as a key concept to understand how humans select different behavioral strategies and the neural mechanisms underlying these processes.
COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
P. Riedel, I. M. Domachowska, Y. Lee, P. T. Neukam, L. Tonges, S. C. Li, T. Goschke, M. N. Smolka
Summary: The cognitive control dilemma refers to the balance between stability and flexibility in attention, which is believed to be maintained by dopamine. However, there is limited research on this balance in humans.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Maria Seidel, Sophie Pauligk, Sophia Fuertjes, Joseph A. King, Sophie-Maleen Schlief, Daniel Geisler, Henrik Walter, Thomas Goschke, Stefan Ehrlich
Summary: Altered emotion processing and regulation mechanisms are crucial in eating disorders. Previous research found increased neural activity in regions involved in emotion processing and decreased activity in reward processing regions in acutely underweight anorexia nervosa (AN) patients. This study investigates whether these alterations are purely state-related or persist after recovery. Weight-recovered AN individuals showed no significant alterations in behavior or neural responses to emotionally-valenced stimuli, suggesting that these alterations improve following successful weight-recovery.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stefan Scherbaum, Steven Lade, Stefan Siegmund, Thomas Goschke, Maja Dshemuchadse
Summary: Every day, we make value-based decisions that are influenced by previous decisions, and this study explores the dynamics of value-based decision processes across multiple decisions using a neural-inspired attractor model.
Article
Neurosciences
Anja Kraeplin, Mohsen Joshanloo, Max Wolff, Klaus-Martin Kroenke, Thomas Goschke, Gerhard Buehringer, Michael N. Smolka
Summary: This study found that lower executive functioning may lead to an increase in addictive behavior and a decrease in frequency of use. However, there is no evidence of a relationship between lower executive functioning and an increase in the number of DSM-5 criteria met.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Anja Kraeplin, Kathe Friederike Kupka, Juliane H. Froehner, Klaus-Martin Kroenke, Max Wolff, Michael N. Smolka, Gerhard Buehringer, Thomas Goschke
Summary: This study aims to examine whether personality traits can predict the course of addictive behaviors, and found that higher neuroticism, lower conscientiousness, lower agreeableness, higher extraversion, lower openness, higher reward sensitivity, and lower punishment sensitivity are moderately to highly associated with increased addictive behaviors over time, with stronger predictive associations observed for non-substance related addictive behaviors.
SUCHT-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR WISSENSCHAFT UND PRAXIS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Goschke, Veronika Job
Summary: Self-control refers to the ability to resist current desires and behave consistently with long-term goals. However, a conceptual paradox arises when a person strongly desires to perform a behavior (e.g., eat chocolate) and at the same time desires to exert self-control to prevent it. A detailed analysis reveals that three common assumptions about self-control cannot be true simultaneously. A taxonomy of self-control processes is proposed to organize current theories based on the assumptions they abandon.
PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Correction
Substance Abuse
A. Kraplin, K. F. Kupka, J. H. Frohner, K. -M Kronke, M. Wolff, M. N. Smolka, G. Buhringer, T. Goschke
SUCHT-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR WISSENSCHAFT UND PRAXIS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Hilmar Zech, Maria Waltmann, Ying Lee, Markus Reichert, Rachel L. Bedder, Robb B. Rutledge, Friederike Deeken, Julia Wenzel, Friederike Wedemeyer, Alvaro Aguilera, Acelya Aslan, Patrick Bach, Nadja S. Bahr, Claudia Ebrahimi, Pascale C. Fischbach, Marvin Ganz, Maria Garbusow, Charlotte M. Grosskopf, Marie Heigert, Angela Hentschel, Matthew Belanger, Damian Karl, Patricia Pelz, Mathieu Pinger, Carlotta Riemerschmid, Annika Rosenthal, Johannes Steffen, Jens Strehle, Franziska Weiss, Gesine Wieder, Alfred Wieland, Judith Zaiser, Sina Zimmermann, Shuyan Liu, Thomas Goschke, Henrik Walter, Heike Tost, Bernd Lenz, Jamila Andoh, Ulrich Ebner-Priemer, Michael A. Rapp, Andreas Heinz, Ray Dolan, Michael N. Smolka, Lorenz Deserno
Summary: This study demonstrates how short, smartphone-based task measures can overcome shortcomings of experimental tasks when analyzed with joint hierarchical modeling and latent factor analysis. The findings show that joint modeling of longitudinal data increases the reliability of task measures and the extracted latent factors are in line with theoretical accounts of cognitive control and decision-making.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Sophia Fuertjes, Maria Seidel, Stefan Diestel, Max Wolff, Joseph A. King, Inger Hellerhoff, Fabio Bernadoni, Katrin Gramatke, Thomas Goschke, Veit Roessner, Stefan Ehrlich
Summary: Individuals with anorexia nervosa do not generally exhibit greater success in self-control, but they appear to be more effective at resolving self-control conflicts possibly due to the use of antecedent-focused strategies.
EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Anett Kretschmer-Trendowicz, Matthias Kliegel, Thomas Goschke, Mareike Altgassen
Summary: The ability of prospective memory increases from childhood to adolescence, influenced by task importance and switching demands of ongoing tasks. Implementation intentions do not have a significant impact on children and adolescents' prospective memory performance.
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Social
Max Wolff, Soeren Enge, Anja Kraeplin, Klaus-Martin Kroenke, Gerhard Buehringer, Michael N. Smolka, Thomas Goschke
Summary: The study found that chronic stress may weaken self-control by reducing the use of cognitive control in early desire regulation strategies, while late resistance strategies remain unaffected. The relationship between executive functioning and real-life self-control may be moderated by third factors such as chronic stress.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY
(2021)