Article
Clinical Neurology
David Gloss, Kimberly Pargeon, Alison Pack, Jay Varma, Jacqueline A. French, Benjamin Tolchin, Dennis J. Dlugos, Mohamad A. Mikati, Cynthia Harden
Summary: This study aimed to update the 1996 American Academy of Neurology practice parameter by reviewing literature published from January 1991 to March 2020. The results suggest that tapering antiseizure medications may increase the risk of seizure recurrence in adults, while there may be no significant difference in pediatric patients. Fourteen recommendations were developed based on the findings.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Meir Bialer, Svein Johannessen, Matthias J. Koepp, Rene H. Levy, Emilio Perucca, Piero Perucca, Torbjorn Tomson, H. Steve White
Summary: The Sixteenth Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs and Devices (EILAT XVI) was recently held in Madrid, Spain, where delegates from 26 countries gathered to discuss and present investigational compounds for the treatment of seizures and epilepsy. This progress report focuses on seven compounds in advanced clinical development, including ganaxolone which has been approved by the US FDA for the treatment of seizures associated with CDKL5 deficiency disorder. The report provides a summary of recent findings and current knowledge on these compounds.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rod W. Hunt, Helen G. Liley, Deepika Wagh, Rachel Schembri, Katherine J. Lee, Andrew D. Shearman, Samantha Francis-Pester, Koert DeWaal, Jeanie Y. L. Cheong, Monika Olischar, Nadia Badawi, Flora Y. Wong, David A. Osborn, Victor Samuel Rajadurai, Peter A. Dargaville, Bevan Headley, Ian Wright, Paul B. Colditz
Summary: This randomized clinical trial aimed to determine whether active management of electrographic and clinical seizures in encephalopathic term or near-term neonates improved survival free of severe disability at 2 years compared with only treating clinically detected seizures. The study found that treating electrographic and clinical seizures with currently used anticonvulsants did not significantly reduce the rate of death or disability at 2 years in a heterogeneous group of neonates with seizures. Additionally, there was evidence that cognitive outcomes were worse in the group where both types of seizures were actively managed.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ozlem Atli Eklioglu, Sinem Ilgin
Summary: The HPG axis plays a crucial role in male reproductive function, with neurotransmitters regulating the release of GnRH by affecting GnRH-releasing neurons. Patients with epilepsy often experience decreased fertility potential and lower sperm quality, which may be related to the impact of antiepileptic drugs on the HPG axis. Antiepileptic drugs can act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals, affecting fertility and exacerbating adverse effects on sperm quality in individuals with epilepsy. Investigating the reproductive effects of antiepileptic drugs and understanding the role of the HPG axis in potential reproductive pathologies is essential.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sylvia Garcia-Belenguer, Laura Grasa, Olga Valero, Jorge Palacio, Isabel Luno, Belen Rosado
Summary: The study found differences in gut microbiota composition between epileptic dogs and control dogs, with drug-naive epileptic dogs showing significantly reduced abundance of GABA and SCFAs-producing bacteria, as well as bacteria associated with reduced risk for brain disease. Furthermore, the administration of antiepileptic drugs for a month did not alter the gut microbiota composition. These results may contribute to understanding canine idiopathic epilepsy and offer potential for exploring probiotic intervention as a therapeutic approach.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kimford J. Meador, Morris J. Cohen, David W. Loring, Abigail G. Matthews, Carrie Brown, Chelsea P. Robalino, Angela K. Birnbaum, Paula E. Voinescu, Laura A. Kalayjian, Elizabeth E. Gerard, Evan R. Gedzelman, Julie Hanna, Jennifer Cavitt, Maria Sam, Jacqueline A. French, Sean Hwang, Alison M. Pack, Page B. Pennell, MONEAD Invest Grp
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the neurodevelopmental effects of fetal exposure to commonly used antiseizure medications, and found no difference in neurodevelopmental outcomes between children with fetal exposure to newer antiseizure medications compared with unexposed children.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eliza Honybun, Rebecca Thwaites, Charles B. Malpas, Genevieve Rayner, Alison Anderson, Janet Graham, Alison Hitchcock, Terence J. O'Brien, Frank J. E. Vajda, Piero Perucca
Summary: In this study, prenatal exposure to VPA was found to offset the usual male sex-related predominance in the incidence of ASD. Males exposed to other AEDs had higher ASD symptoms, while this typical sex dynamic was not evident in VPA-exposed children. No dose-response relationship was found between VPA exposure and ASD symptoms.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seolah Lee, Hyun Chul Kim, Yoonhyuk Jang, Han Sang Lee, Seon-Jae Ahn, Soon-Tae Lee, Keun-Hwa Jung, Kyung-Il Park, Ki-Young Jung, Jaeseong Oh, Seunghwan Lee, Kyung-Sang Yu, In-Jin Jang, Soyoung Lee, Kon Chu, Sang Kun Lee
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between topiramate serum levels, drug responsiveness, and adverse events in order to establish a more accurate and tailored therapeutic range. By analyzing clinical data collected from Seoul National University Hospital, the study proposed an optimal therapeutic concentration for topiramate based on patients' responsiveness to the drug and the incidence of adverse effects.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yew Li Dang, Emma Foster, Michael Lloyd, Genevieve Rayner, Maria Rychkova, Rashida Ali, Patrick W. Carney, Dennis Velakoulis, Toby T. Winton-Brown, Tomas Kalincik, Piero Perucca, Terence J. O'Brien, Patrick Kwan, Charles B. Malpas
Summary: This study investigated clinicodemographic factors associated with adverse events related to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), finding strong relationships between depression and anxiety with AE endorsement. Depression, female sex, and AED polytherapy were associated with greater AE endorsement, while epilepsy patients had lower AE endorsement compared to PNES patients.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Sai Krishna Gudi, Qaiser Jahan
Summary: Although suicide rates are higher among individuals with epilepsy, the scientific community has not reached a final answer on the association between ASMs and suicide risk due to insufficiently strong data. Overlooked important issues in past studies may play a crucial role in determining the true relationship between the use of ASMs and the risk of suicide.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Calin Magheru, Sorina Magheru, Marcela Coltau, Anica Hoza, Corina Moldovan, Liliana Sachelarie, Irina Gradinaru, Loredana Liliana Hurjui, Felicia Marc, Dorina Maria Farcas
Summary: This study found that major antiepileptic drugs can induce CA II inhibition both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting it might be one of the effective mechanisms of these anticonvulsant drugs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Emily E. Leppien, Bennett J. Doughty, Karyssa L. Hurd, Keira N. Strong, Brian J. Piper, Kenneth L. McCall
Summary: This study compared the safety profile of newer antiseizure medications (ASMs) with older ASMs, specifically focusing on suicidality, using the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. The findings revealed that four newer ASMs (lacosamide, clobazam, brivaracetam, and vigabatrin) had significantly lower odds of suicidality compared to older ASMs, while perampanel significantly increased the odds of suicidality.
CLINICAL DRUG INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mohammed Abou Kaoud, Ran Nissan, Amitai Segev, Avi Sabbag, David Orion, Elad Maor
Summary: There is a strong signal of interaction between levetiracetam and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), suggesting the need for drug monitoring strategy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Magnucia de Lima Leite, Tatiana Natasha Toporcov, Janise Dal Pai, Jose Claudio da Silva
Summary: The socio-demographic profile of pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries, especially those with epilepsy in Alagoas, Brazil, highlights the challenges they face, including low education, unemployment, and limited opportunities. This study reveals a higher prevalence of cesarean deliveries and miscarriages among pregnant women with epilepsy. Understanding these patterns can inform the development of public policies to address these issues and reduce local morbidity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nathan T. Cohen, Phat Chang, Xiaozhen You, Anqing Zhang, Kathryn A. Havens, Chima O. Oluigbo, Matthew T. Whitehead, Taha Gholipour, William D. Gaillard
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for pharmacoresistance in pediatric FCD-related epilepsy.