Review
Neurosciences
Tingyan Wu, Weili Cai, Xi Chen
Summary: Neurotransmission signaling is a conserved system with important regulatory events. The role of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter systems in brain function is well established. Recent research has shown that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in controlling the expression of neurotransmitter-related genes and its dysregulation is associated with neurological disorders. This article explores the epigenetic regulation of dopamine, GABA, glutamate, and serotonin genes, and discusses how targeting these mechanisms can lead to improved treatments for neurological disorders.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Tao Gong, Yubo Liu, Yufan Chen, Liangjie Lin, Youting Lin, Guangbin Wang
Summary: This study utilized MRI and HERMES to detect metabolic alterations in patients with FCD-associated epilepsy, revealing a significant increase in GABA levels in FCD foci. This suggests that GABA may play a central role in the pathophysiology of FCD patients with epilepsy.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xunjia Qian, Xinyi Zhao, Lulu Yu, Yujian Yin, Xiao-Dan Zhang, Liyun Wang, Jun-Xu Li, Qing Zhu, Jia-Lie Luo
Summary: This article discusses the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in neurotransmitter regulation, pain sensation, and neuronal development. GABA regulates pain sensation by directly acting on different types of receptors and signaling pathways. Further understanding of these GABA receptors and signaling pathways will contribute to the development of novel analgesics.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qinling Wei, Keqin Xie, Hongfei Wang, Xingfeng Shao, Yingying Wei, Yi Chen, Shu Jiang, Mengze Cao, Jisuan Chen, Feng Xu
Summary: The study investigated the effect of fructose on the content and metabolic pathway of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in broccoli sprouts. The results showed that fructose treatment increased the fresh weight, GABA, and glutamate contents in sprouts and promoted the activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and the expressions of BoGAD1 and BoGAD2. Fructose treatment also inhibited the stem length of broccoli sprouts and enhanced abscisic acid (ABA) production. Additionally, fructose treatment stimulated the Ca2+, CaM contents, and BoCaM2 expression, as well as increased inositol trisphosphate (IP3) content and activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) activity and BoPLC2 expression, contributing to Ca2+ influx into the cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kimyeong Kim, Haejin Yoon
Summary: GABA plays a crucial role in signal transduction and can function as a neurotransmitter. However, its cellular functions and physiological relevance in other metabolic organs are still unclear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lei Zhang, Yang Yue, Xiujuan Wang, Weichang Dai, Chunhong Piao, Hansong Yu
Summary: This study demonstrated the advantages of using okara as a substrate for GABA production through fermentation by K. marxianus C21, and identified the optimal culture conditions. Adding peptone significantly increased GABA production, while glucose and vitamin B6 had no effect on the production.
BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lovely Mahawar, Aparna Pandey, Kesava Priyan Ramasamy, Sakshi Pandey, Sheo Mohan Prasad
Summary: This article provides an overview of the research progress on the synthesis and metabolic pathways of GABA in cyanobacteria, as well as the feasibility of enhancing GABA production and extraction methods by modifying external conditions and gene expression. In addition, it introduces the commercial applications of GABA in various industries.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dongyu Liu, Kazuyuki Fujihara, Yuchio Yanagawa, Hajime Mushiake, Tomokazu Ohshiro
Summary: By recording EEG in knockout rats for Gad1, we found that GABA can both suppress and enhance SWD generation. Comparison between normal rats and Gad1 knockout rats revealed that SWD symptoms were more severe in Gad1 knockout rats, and the effects of valproate treatment differed in the two groups. Immunohistochemistry results indicated significantly reduced GABA immunoreactivity in the RTN neurons of Gad1 knockout rats.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Prokopis Konstanti, Kate Ligthart, Christos Fryganas, Patinios Constantinos, Hauke Smidt, Willem M. de Vos, Clara Belzer
Summary: Gut bacteria have the ability to produce metabolites, including neuroactive molecules like GABA, that can modulate human functions. This study focuses on Akkermansia muciniphila, a potential probiotic, and its production of GABA. The study shows that A. muciniphila can produce GABA in response to acid, but only when GABA precursors, such as glutamate or glutamine, are present. The study also demonstrates that GAD, the enzyme responsible for GABA production, is expressed by A. muciniphila regardless of the presence of GABA precursors. Enzyme assays further reveal the specific conditions under which GABA production by A. muciniphila occurs.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deepthi Joseph, Smruti Ranjan Nayak, Aravind Penmatsa
Summary: This study investigates the structure and activity of GAT1 by modifying the dopamine transporter in Drosophila melanogaster. The findings suggest that the binding site undergoes substantial changes in order to accommodate GAT1 inhibitors, and an additional allosteric site is observed in the extracellular vestibule. The study also suggests a role for a specific motif in the selective control of neurotransmitter uptake.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
D. Walker Hagan, Sandra M. M. Ferreira, Gustavo J. J. Santos, Edward A. A. Phelps
Summary: GABA, a neurotransmitter produced in the islet, influences the activity of islet cells through multiple receptors and interacts with cellular metabolism. Loss or reduction of GABA in diabetic individuals may contribute to disease pathogenesis and dysfunction of islet cells.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yi Guo, Yuxin Kang, Wenjie Bai, Qiling Liu, Rongqiang Zhang, Yuxin Wang, Chong Wang
Summary: This study demonstrates that exposure to BPA during prenatal and early postnatal periods affects behavior and memory in male rat offspring, and the alteration in expression of GABA signaling molecules may be one of the molecular mechanisms causing this effect.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Kazuki Nomura, Satoru Yoshizumi, Fumiyo Ozoe, Yoshihisa Ozoe
Summary: Three cDNAs encoding UNC-49B proteins were cloned from Meloidogyne incognita, which responded to GABA and various antagonists in Xenopus oocytes. The research provides insights for the design of novel nematicides targeting plant-parasitic nematodes.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lei Sun, Yingguo Bai, Xiu Zhang, Cheng Zhou, Jie Zhang, Xiaoyun Su, Huiying Luo, Bin Yao, Yuan Wang, Tao Tu
Summary: Three recombinant GAD genes from Bacillus strains were identified and successfully expressed heterologously in Escherichia coli. Using the engineered E. coli strain as a whole-cell biocatalyst, the biosynthesis of GABA from L-Glu was achieved, showing potential for industrial production of GABA.
MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xinyi Gu, Jiancun Zhao, Rongling Zhang, Ruohan Yu, Tingting Guo, Jian Kong
Summary: Enterococcus avium is a common bacterium found in the intestines of humans and animals, capable of producing GABA. Research showed that the GAD system in E. avium strains is encoded by three gadB genes, with gadB3 playing a crucial role in GABA biosynthesis and acid tolerance. This insight provides a better understanding of how E. avium strains survive in acidic environments and maintain cell viability during transit through the stomach and gut.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
