Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marc A. Judson
Summary: Many granulomatous diseases can histologically and clinically mimic sarcoidosis, including infectious, occupational, drug-related, and idiopathic conditions. Differentiating between sarcoidosis and its mimics requires a thorough review of various factors, which can lead to more accurate diagnoses and treatment of granulomatous disorders. However, due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria, some sarcoidosis mimics may actually represent varied clinical presentations of sarcoidosis itself.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shogo Kitahata, Yasunori Yamamoto, Osamu Yoshida, Yoshio Tokumoto, Tomoe Kawamura, Shinya Furukawa, Teru Kumagi, Masashi Hirooka, Eiji Takeshita, Masanori Abe, Yoshiou Ikeda, Yoichi Hiasa
Summary: The study investigated alterations in the small intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), revealing an overgrowth of Sphingomonadaceae and Pseudomonas that may be associated with the pathogenesis and pathological development of PBC.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kristoffer Kjaergaard, Kim Frisch, Michael Sorensen, Ole Lajord Munk, Alan Frederick Hofmann, Jacob Horsager, Anna Christina Schacht, Mary Erickson, David Shapiro, Susanne Keiding
Summary: The study demonstrated that OCA increased the hepatic transport of conjugated bile acids in PBC patients, reducing the time hepatocytes are exposed to potentially toxic bile acids.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christiana Graf, Jeannette Arncken, Christian M. Lange, Katharina Willuweit, Joern M. Schattenberg, Jessica Seessle, Julia Lang-Meli, Tobias Boettler, Julia Dietz, Nils Wetzstein, Antonia Mondorf, Johannes Vermehren, Gernot Rohde, Stefan Zeuzem, Anita Pathil
Summary: Hepatic involvement in sarcoidosis was found in 4.2% of patients and was clinically significant in 14.5% of those. Most patients were asymptomatic and presented with a cholestatic pattern of liver enzyme elevations. Pharmacological treatment options such as corticosteroids and UDCA were effective in inducing biochemical response in the majority of patients.
Article
Oncology
Cristel Ruini, Carolin Haas, Sebastian Mastnik, Maximilian Knott, Lars E. French, Max Schlaak, Carola Berking
Summary: Immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors can impact multiple organ systems, including rare liver diseases, necessitating vigilant clinical assessment and accurate diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christoph Schultheiss, Silja Steinmann, Edith Willscher, Lisa Paschold, Ansgar W. Lohse, Mascha Binder
Summary: This study found that variant syndromes of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) share some immunological characteristics. Discriminative markers between AIH and PBC included T and B cell receptor repertoires, as well as soluble immune checkpoint molecules such as sCD25, sLAG-3, sCD86, and sTim-3. Another set of immune factors associated with AIH included TNF, IFN gamma, IL12p70, sCTLA-4, sPD-1, and sPD-L1. Clustering analysis revealed two pathological immunotypes consisting predominantly of either AIH or PBC cases. Overall, variant syndromes may represent an immunological spectrum from PBC to AIH-like disease rather than separate entities.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Julian Hercun, Mazen Noureddin, Nabil Noureddin, Jason Eccleston, Daniel Woolridge, T. Jake Liang, Michele Tana, David E. Kleiner, Gracia Viana Rodriguez, Christopher Koh, Jay H. Hoofnagle, Theo Heller
Summary: This study evaluated the involvement of bile duct and disease progression in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and found that bile duct injury does not follow the same course as fibrosis, and certain indicators are associated with ductopenia progression.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xi Li, Yan Li, Jintao Xiao, Huiwen Wang, Yan Guo, Xiuru Mao, Pan Shi, Yanliang Hou, Xiaoxun Zhang, Nan Zhao, Minghua Zheng, Yonghong He, Jingjing Ding, Ya Tan, Min Liao, Ling Li, Ying Peng, Xuan Li, Qiong Pan, Qiaoling Xie, Qiao Li, Jianwei Li, Ying Li, Zhe Chen, Yongxiu Huang, David N. Assis, Shi-Ying Cai, James L. Boyer, Xuequan Huang, Can-E Tang, Xiaowei Liu, Shifang Peng, Jin Chai
Summary: The numbers of DUOX2(+)ACE2(+) small cholangiocytes are inversely associated with disease severity in PBC. They may be the target of pIgR-mediated humoral responses. Protecting these cells and targeting anti-pIgR autoantibodies could be valuable strategies for therapeutic interventions in PBC.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Henning Klapproth, Manuel Huerta Arana, Mario Fabri
Summary: In this article, the authors discuss the findings on macrophage immune function and metabolism derived from three prototypic cutaneous granulomatosis diseases: granuloma annulare, sarcoidosis, and leprosy, which provide novel insights into human tissue macrophage biology at the site of ongoing disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Joao Gustavo Mendes Rodrigues, Paula Sibelly Veras Albuquerque, Johnny R. Nascimento, Jaianna Andressa Viana Campos, Andressa S. S. Godinho, Sulayne Janayna Araujo, Jefferson Mesquita Brito, Caroline M. Jesus, Guilherme Silva Miranda, Michelle C. Rezende, Deborah Aparecida Negrao-Correa, Claudia Q. Rocha, Lucilene Amorim Silva, Rosane N. M. Guerra, Flavia R. F. Nascimento
Summary: Chenopodium ambrosioides extract showed antiparasitic and immunomodulatory effects by increasing the mortality of schistosoma in vitro, reducing eggs in feces and liver in vivo, decreasing liver granulomas, and improving cellular immune response.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yi Jiang, Bing-Hong Xu, Brandon Rodgers, Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos
Summary: This retrospective trial used national data to examine the characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized with overlapping PBC and AIH. The study found that PBC/AIH patients had lower rates of Crohn's disease, higher rates of Sjogren's syndrome, higher rates of cirrhosis-related complications, and significantly increased risk of septic shock compared to PBC and AIH individually.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Debashis Haldar, Ashnila Janmohamed, Tim Plant, Matthew Davidson, Hannah Norman, Emily Russell, Olivia Serevina, Kenneth Chung, Kashif Qamar, Bridget Gunson, Bettina Hansen, Alex Richter, Palak J. Trivedi, Gideon M. Hirschfield
Summary: In patients with PBC, the presence of anti-gp210 autoantibodies is associated with adverse clinical manifestations, predicts treatment non-response, and independently predicts decreased transplant-free survival.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rolf Reiter, Mehrgan Shahryari, Heiko Tzschatzsch, Dieter Klatt, Britta Siegmund, Bernd Hamm, Jurgen Braun, Ingolf Sack, Patrick Asbach
Summary: The study assessed spatial heterogeneity of hepatic fibrosis in PSC and viral hepatitis using MR elastography, finding significantly increased fibrosis heterogeneity in PSC compared to viral hepatitis. There was no significant difference in shear-wave speed between PSC and viral hepatitis, indicating potential for enhanced diagnosis based on spatial heterogeneity patterns revealed by MRI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas W. Warnes, Stephen A. Roberts, Alexander Smith, Victor M. Cope, Patricia Vales, Raymond McMahon
Summary: This study found that measurement of baseline portal pressure is of significant prognostic value in primary biliary cholangitis, providing additional predictive information beyond Mayo score and Ludwig stage.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Stephane Giorgiutti, Robin Jacquot, Thomas El Jammal, Arthur Bert, Yvan Jamilloux, Laurent Kodjikian, Pascal Seve
Summary: Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that can affect the eyes, with uveitis being the most common ocular manifestation. This can lead to vision loss. Granulomatous uveitis is usually bilateral with synechiae. Diagnosis is based on histology or clinico-radiological features. Corticosteroids are the first-line treatment, but immunosuppressive treatments may be required for some patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Zhou Yuming, Tang Ruqi, Merrill Eric Gershwin, Ma Xiong
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Inbal Houri, Gideon M. Hirschfield
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yasameen Muzahim, Ali Wakil, Mehak Bassi, Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Brian H. Horwich, Douglas T. Dieterich
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aparna Goel, Paul Kwo
Summary: The goal of autoimmune hepatitis treatment is achieving clinical and biochemical remission. Standard care involves induction treatment with corticosteroids and gradual tapering of steroids. Alternatives to standard therapy can be considered for patients with intolerance or inadequate response. Treatment withdrawal is achievable in less than 20% of patients after 2 years of sustained remission, and liver transplantation should be considered for patients with progressive disease or complications.
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mariana Zapata, Hendrick Pagan-Torres, Marlyn J. Mayo
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aalam Sohal, Sanya Kayani, Kris Kowdley
Summary: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an immune-mediated liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of bile ducts. It is commonly associated with inflammatory bowel disease, especially ulcerative colitis. The natural history of the disease varies among patients, but most will develop cirrhosis.
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)