Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Russo, Valeria Colaianni, Giuseppe Ielo, Maria Stella Valle, Lucia Spicuzza, Lucia Malaguarnera
Summary: This review highlights the relationship between lung microbiota and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Inflammation, dysbiosis, and imbalance in the immune system may contribute to the development of lung diseases. Interventions targeting lung microbiota could potentially improve these conditions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kingshuk Panda, Srinivasan Chinnapaiyan, Md. Sohanur Rahman, Maria J. Santiago, Stephen M. Black, Hoshang J. Unwalla
Summary: People living with HIV are at a higher risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, with worse outcomes. The dysregulation of circadian rhythms and clock genes plays a significant role in lung pathology, particularly in HIV-infected patients. Understanding the mechanism of circadian clock dysregulation in HIV and its effects on COPD development and progression is important for developing potential therapeutic approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Jianjun Gu, Daohui Gong, Yuxiu Wang, Tingting Feng, Jun Zhang, Suwei Hu, Lingfeng Min
Summary: The study found that chronic exposure to IQOS aerosol, a heated tobacco product, results in impaired pulmonary function and lung tissue damage in mice. The weight and lung function of mice in the IQOS group were significantly decreased compared to the control group. The levels of inflammation, oxidative stress markers, and lung pathology in the IQOS group were comparable to those in the cigarette group.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Avan Aihie Sayer, Alfonso Cruz-Jentoft
Summary: Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disorder that commonly occurs with advancing age and long-term conditions. It is associated with adverse health effects and its recognition in clinical practice is relatively recent. Progress in the future may include the use of routine health data, prescription of resistance exercise, and the translation of biology and epidemiology into new treatment research.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ruben Hernaez, Hai Li, Richard Moreau, Minneke J. Coenraad
Summary: This narrative review discusses the definition of acute-on-chronic liver failure, its association with high short-term mortality in patients with chronic liver disease and/or cirrhosis, and the differences in definitions between the East and the West. Despite the variations, all definitions have clinical utility and serve different purposes. The review also provides epidemiological data to illustrate how these definitions apply in different regions.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Konstantinos Bartziokas, Evangelia Fouka, Stelios Loukides, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Petros Bakakos, Andriana Papaioannou
Summary: IL-26 is a cytokine that plays a role in chronic lung inflammation and has both antimicrobial and pro-inflammatory effects. It binds to extracellular DNA and can induce the gathering of neutrophils in areas of infection. However, it also exhibits inhibitory effects on airway epithelial and immune cells. Further research is needed to understand its role in smoking-related airway inflammatory disorders.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Denis E. Naumov, Olesya O. Kotova, Dina A. Gassan, Ivana Y. Sugaylo, Evgeniya Y. Afanas'eva, Elizaveta G. Sheludko, Juliy M. Perelman
Summary: The study found that TRPM8 and TRPA1 gene polymorphisms do not significantly influence susceptibility to COPD, but the TRPA1 rs7819749 and TRPM8 rs11562975 genotypes are significantly associated with airway obstruction and lung function in COPD patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hongwei Han, Guangda Peng, Maureen Meister, Hongwei Yao, Jenny J. Yang, Ming-Hui Zou, Zhi-Ren Liu, Xiangming Ji
Summary: Exposure to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) exacerbates airspace enlargement, mucus secretion, and fibrogenesis in COPD mice, along with alterations in inflammatory responses and M2 macrophage phenotype.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jennifer Sucre, Lena Haist, Charlotte E. Bolton, Anne Hilgendorff
Summary: Infants with neonatal chronic lung disease, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, face long-term consequences influenced by genetic background, infections, and treatment strategies. The lung's response to challenges affects both acute and long-term outcomes, with impaired lung growth leading to altered lung function.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcia V. de Carvalho, Cassiano F. Goncalves-de-Albuquerque, Adriana R. Silva
Summary: PPARs, as members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, regulate genes related to lipid, glucose metabolism, and inflammation. Among them, PPARγ functions as a receptor with certain ligands to inhibit the expression of inflammatory mediators, therefore playing a crucial role in controlling excessive inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sachin Gaun, Syed Afroz Ali, Pooja Singh, Jayant Patwa, Swaran Jeet Singh Flora, Ashok Kumar Datusalia
Summary: The study found that melatonin may have a protective effect against copper-induced lung damage by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bruce A. Samuels, Samit M. Shah, R. Jay Widmer, Yuhei Kobayashi, Steven E. S. Miner, Viviany R. Taqueti, Allen Jeremias, Ahmed Albadri, John A. Blair, Kathleen E. Kearney, Janet Wei, Ki Park, Ailin Barseghian El-Farra, Noa Holoshitz, Katherine B. Janaszek, Manoj Kesarwani, Amir Lerman, Megha Prasad, Odayme Quesada, Harmony R. Reynolds, Michael P. Savage, Nathaniel R. Smilowitz, Nadia R. Sutton, Joseph M. Sweeny, Olga Toleva, Timothy D. Henry, Jeffery W. Moses, William F. Fearon, Jennifer A. Tremmel
Summary: Angina with nonobstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA) is a common heart disease with challenges in diagnosis, which can lead to anxiety and depression. Advances in scientific knowledge and diagnostic testing now allow for noninvasive and cardiac catheterization laboratory evaluation of ANOCA to provide accurate diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Daniel J. Weiss, Karen Segal, Richard Casaburi, Jack Hayes, Donald Tashkin
Summary: In COPD patients with elevated circulating CRP levels, treatment with remestemcel-L resulted in significant and long-lasting improvements in lung function, exercise performance, and walking distance, with benefits evident as early as 10 days after the first infusion. However, no significant differences were observed in patient reported responses or COPD exacerbation frequency between the treatment and placebo groups.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Francisca de Castro Mendes, Kirstie Ducharme-Smith, Gustavo Mora-Garcia, Saleh A. Alqahtani, Maria Stephany Ruiz-Diaz, Andre Moreira, Rodrigo Villegas, Vanessa Garcia-Larsen
Summary: Research shows that high household food insecurity is associated with lower lung function and increased risk of respiratory restriction. The study involved a nationally representative sample of US adults, with consistent effects observed across different ethnic groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Demetrius Albanes, Karine Alcala, Nicolas Alcala, Christopher Amos, Alan A. Arslan, Julie K. Bassett, Paul Brennan, Qiuyin Cai, Chu Chen, Xiaoshuang Feng, Neal D. Freedman, Florence Guida, Rayjean J. Hung, Kristian Hveem, Mikael Johansson, Mattias Johansson, Woon-Puay Koh, Arnulf Langhammer, Roger L. Milne, David Muller, Justina Onwuka, Elin Pettersen Sorgjerd, Hilary A. Robbins, Howard D. Sesso, Gianluca Severi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Sabina Sieri, Karl Smith-Byrne, Victoria Stevens, Lesley Tinker, Anne Tjonneland, Kala Visvanathan, Ying Wang, Renwei Wang, Stephanie Weinstein, Jian-Min Yuan, Hana Zahed, Xuehong Zhang, Wei Zheng
Summary: Lung cancer screening can improve early diagnosis and treatment. The authors conducted proteomic analysis of pre-diagnosis samples from 6 cohorts and identified 36 proteins associated with imminent lung cancer diagnosis. The discovery of risk biomarkers may enhance early detection of smoking-related lung cancer.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Kathrine Rayce, Lotte Huniche, Kristian Kidholm, Jorgen Vestbo, Claus Duedal Pedersen, Lisbeth Rosenbek Minet
Summary: This study characterized telemediated training for COPD patients and found that training at home through telemediation may compromise patient privacy, leading physiotherapists to be more cautious. Therefore, trade-offs need to be considered and continuous adjustments should be made in the practice of telemediated services.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Ashley Woodcock, Kai M. Beeh, Hironori Sagara, Simon Aumonier, Emmanuel Addo-Yobo, Javaid Khan, Jorgen Vestbo, Helen Tope
Summary: When selecting inhalers and drugs for respiratory disease, considering the carbon footprint is important. Currently, the most commonly used pMDIs contain potent greenhouse gases, while DPIs and soft mist inhalers have lower carbon footprints. Analyzing the carbon footprint data of inhalers can provide insights for treatment decisions and industry initiatives.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Yunus Colak, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Peter Lange, Jorgen Vestbo, Shoaib Afzal
Summary: Most patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are not included in major clinical trials, but they experience significant exacerbations and early death.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Peter M. A. Calverley, Fernando J. Martinez, Jorgen Vestbo, Christine R. Jenkins, Robert Wise, David A. Lipson, Nicholas J. Cowans, Julie Yates, Courtney Crim, Bartolome R. Celli
Summary: Countries participating in COPD trials consistently differ in reporting exacerbations, which may explain why large studies are needed to show differences in exacerbation risk reduction between treatments.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Letter
Respiratory System
Jorgen Vestbo, Grant Waterer, David Leather, Courtney Crim, Nawar Diar Bakerly, Lucy Frith, Loretta Jacques, Catherine Harvey, Imran Satia, Ashley Woodcock
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yunus Colak, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Jorgen Vestbo, Shoaib Afzal, Peter Lange
Summary: Targeted spirometry in a general population setting can detect undiagnosed cases of COPD. A significant proportion of individuals with undiagnosed COPD also have other treatable conditions, such as smoking, respiratory symptoms, low physical activity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Tessa M. Kole, Elise Vanden Berghe, Monica Kraft, Judith M. Vonk, Martijn C. Nawijn, Salman Siddiqui, Kai Sun, Leonardo M. Fabbri, Klaus F. Rabe, Kian Fan Chung, Gabriele Nicolini, Alberto Papi, Chris Brightling, Dave Singh, Thys van der Molen, Sven-Erik Dahlen, Alvar Agusti, Rosa Faner, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha, Gavin C. Donaldson, Ian M. Adcock, Lies Lahousse, Huib A. M. Kerstjens, Maarten van den Berge
Summary: This post-hoc analysis investigates the determinants, clinical implications, and outcome of persistent airflow limitation (PAL) in patients with asthma. The study reveals that PAL is not only present in severe asthma, but also in a considerable proportion of patients with milder disease. In patients with mild asthma, PAL is associated with eosinophilic inflammation and a higher risk of exacerbations, suggesting the need for increased treatment intensity.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Janelle Yorke, Naimat Khan, Adam Garrow, Sarah Tyson, Dave Singh, Jorgen Vestbo, Paul W. Jones
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Efthymia Papadopoulou, Jan Hansel, Zsofia Lazar, Konstantinos Kostikas, Stavros Tryfon, Jurgen Vestbo, Alexander G. Mathioudakis
Summary: This meta-analysis explored the safety and effectiveness of mucolytics as an add-on treatment for COPD exacerbations. The analysis included 24 RCTs involving 2192 patients and showed that mucolytics can increase treatment success rate, improve symptom scores, reduce persistent cough, and facilitate expectoration. There is also some evidence suggesting that mucolytics may reduce future exacerbation risk and improve quality of life.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Bartolome Celli, Jorgen Vestbo
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Letter
Respiratory System
Jorgen Vestbo, Kare Press-Kristensen
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ema Rastoder, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Josefin Ekloef, Imane Achir Alispahic, Alexander Svorre Jordan, Christian B. Laursen, Jorgen Vestbo, Christine Jenkins, Rune Nielsen, Per Bakke, Gustavo Fernandez-Romero, Daniel Modin, Niklas Johansen, Filip Soeskov Davidovski, Tor Biering-Sorensen, Jorn Carlsen, Jens Ulrik Staehr Jensen
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of amlodipine and bendroflumethiazide in treating hypertension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The results showed that amlodipine use was associated with a reduced risk of death, but had no significant effect on the risk of acute severe exacerbations or hospital admissions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter Kamstrup, Ema Rastoder, Pernille Hogh Hellmann, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Emil List Larsen, Jorgen Vestbo, Charlotte Suppli Ulrik, Jens P. Goetze, Filip Krag Knop, Jens Ulrik Staehr Jensen
Summary: Synthetic corticosteroids are commonly used for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects, although their association with venous thromboembolism remains unclear. A trial was conducted to investigate the effects of prednisolone on haemostasis in healthy men. The results showed that prednisolone did not affect clot formation but influenced certain prothrombotic markers and antithrombotic markers.
Article
Respiratory System
Claire Bradley, Panos Alexandris, David R. Baldwin, Richard Booton, Mike Darby, Claire J. Eckert, Rhian Gabe, Neil Hancock, Sam Janes, Martyn Kennedy, Jason Lindop, Richard D. Neal, Suzanne Rogerson, Bethany Shinkins, Irene Simmonds, Sara Upperton, Jorgen Vestbo, Philip A. J. Crosbie, Matthew E. J. Callister
Summary: Spirometry offered alongside LDCT screening can potentially identify cases of undiagnosed and misdiagnosed COPD. Future research should assess the downstream impact of these findings and determine the impact of co-delivering spirometry on other parameters of LDCT screening.
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Y. Colak, B. G. Nordestgaard, P. Lange, J. Vestbo, S. Afzal
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
