Review
Immunology
Janaki Manoja Vinnakota, Robert Zeiser
Summary: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is an effective therapy for hematological malignancies, but acute Graft versus host disease (GVHD) as a side effect may cause immune-mediated damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Recent preclinical data suggest that microglia and T cells play crucial roles in this process, but accurate diagnosis of CNS damage etiology in clinical settings remains a challenge.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Roberta Noseda, Matteo Franchi, Alberto Pagnamenta, Laura Muller, Alison M. Dines, Isabelle Giraudon, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Florian Eyer, Knut Erik Hovda, Matthias E. Liechti, Oscar Miro, Odd Martin Vallersnes, Christopher Yates, Paul I. Dargan, David M. Wood, Alessandro Ceschi, Euro DEN Plus Res Grp
Summary: This study examined the characteristics and determinants of admission to critical care for patients presenting to the Emergency Department with acute recreational drug toxicity. The findings suggest that age, polydrug use, ethanol co-ingestion, and the use of specific drugs are factors associated with admission to critical care, while the use of cocaine, cannabis, heroin, and amphetamine, as well as ED arrival during the night, were associated with lower odds of admission to critical care.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Eva-Carina Heier, Florian Eyer, Christian Rabe, Stefanie Geith, Paul Dargan, David M. Wood, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Alison M. Dines, Isabelle Giraudon, Knut Erik Hovda, Chris Yates, Odd Martin Vallersnes, Oscar Miro, Matthias E. Liechti, Tobias Zellner
Summary: The co-use of ethanol with CNS-depressant drugs appears to increase the risk of adverse effects and is associated with a higher need for medical treatment, especially when ethanol is combined with opioids or GHB/GBL.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Emergency Medicine
David M. Vu, Katerina Freyre, Oleg Opsha, Yekaterina Opsha
Summary: Ketamine, a versatile analgesic, has become a popular recreational drug, with its chronic use linked to biliary duct damage and bladder dysfunction. The rare co-presentation of ketamine-induced cholangiopathy and ulcerative cystitis poses diagnostic challenges for emergency physicians. As knowledge and awareness of these conditions increase, cases of ketamine-induced cholangiopathy and ulcerative cystitis are expected to rise.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Wen-Hsuan Pan, Kevin Chien-Chang Wu, Chi-Ya Chen, Yu-Roo Chu, Shang-Chi Wu, Susyan Jou, Tzu-Pin Lu, Yu-Chi Tung, Jui Hsu, Wei J. Chen
Summary: The study found that ketamine has become a new recreational drug of choice among young people in Taiwan, leading to not only high risk for drug-related re-offence but also excess mortality among users.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aeseul Kim, Sun Mi Gu, Haemiru Lee, Dong Eun Kim, Jin Tae Hong, Jaesuk Yun, Hye Jin Cha
Summary: This study found that exposure to Ketamine and NMDA receptor antagonists during pregnancy can lead to psychosis-like behaviors in offspring, such as hyperlocomotion and reduced prepulse inhibition. Additionally, it was discovered that these drugs can increase the expression levels of Avpr1a in the striatum, and overexpression of Avpr1a inhibits PPI. Furthermore, the study showed that Ketamine and methoxetamine treatment can increase GAD67 and GABA levels in the striatum of offspring, causing GABAergic neuronal dysfunction and abnormalities in sensorimotor gating.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nisha Kwatra, Marilyn E. Morris
Summary: When ketamine is co-administered with GHB, it can significantly affect their toxicokinetics/toxicodynamics interactions. In this case, MCT inhibition and GABA(B) receptor antagonism can serve as potential treatment strategies for GHB overdose when it is co-ingested with ketamine.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Weizhi Xu, Faheem Maqbool, Vinod Kumar, James R. Falconer, Cedric S. Cui, Trent M. Woodruff, Karin Borges, Andrew K. Whittaker, Maree T. Smith, Felicity Y. Han
Summary: A sustained-release formulation of ketamine, known as KSL, was developed with high loading and demonstrated prolonged release in mice after intravenous administration. The formulation showed high encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, achieving 100% release in vitro within 8 hours.
DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shigeyuki Chaki, Mai Watanabe
Summary: The current efficacy of available medications for depression is unsatisfactory, leading to the development of novel antidepressants based on alternative hypotheses. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the glutamatergic system as a drug target for depression, supported by the discovery of the antidepressant effects of ketamine. However, both ketamine and esketamine have unwanted adverse effects, prompting the search for agents with a similar antidepressant profile but with fewer side effects. Clinical trials of these agents are underway, with AUVELITYTM (AXS-05; dextromethorphan with bupropion) receiving approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2022. Drug development of post-ketamine agents aims to provide safer antidepressants that are as potent and rapidly acting as ketamine.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia Harumi Correa Kobayashi, Sarah Viana Farias, Diandra Araujo Luz, Kissila Marvia Machado-Ferraro, Brenda Costa da Conceicao, Cinthia Cristina Menezes da Silveira, Luanna Melo Pereira Fernandes, Sabrina de Carvalho Cartagenes, Vania Maria Moraes Ferreira, Eneas Andrade Fontes-Junior, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz Maia
Summary: This review examines the toxicological mechanisms and physiological effects on different body systems of co-abusing ketamine and ethanol. It also discusses the potential shared molecular mechanisms that may lead to additional hazardous effects. The review points out the gaps in knowledge in this area and emphasizes the need for further research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Courtney Sakolish, Celeste E. Reese, Yu-Syuan Luo, Alan Valdiviezo, Mark E. Schurdak, Albert Gough, D. Lansing Taylor, Weihsueh A. Chiu, Lawrence A. Vernetti, Ivan Rusyn
Summary: The human microfluidic liver acinus microphysiology system (LAMPS) was evaluated for drug pharmacokinetics and toxicology, showing robustness and reproducibility when seeded with primary human hepatocytes or iPSC-derived hepatocytes, and demonstrating more physiologically and clinically relevant effects compared to 2D cultures.
Article
Clinical Neurology
John Martin Corkery, Wan-Chu Hung, Hugh Claridge, Christine Goodair, Caroline S. Copeland, Fabrizio Schifano
Summary: Recreational use of ketamine in England has been associated with increasing numbers of deaths, primarily due to accidental poisoning. The majority of cases involved males, with ketamine often detected alongside other substances. Awareness of the potentially fatal risks of ketamine use is crucial for consumers.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Theo Pezel, Jean-Guillaume Dillinger, Antonin Trimaille, Clement Delmas, Nicolas Piliero, Claire Bouleti, Thibaut Pommier, Amine El Ouahidi, Stephane Andrieu, Benoit Lattuca, Reza Rossanaly Vasram, Damien Fard, Nathalie Noirclerc, Guillaume Bonnet, Marc Goralski, Meyer Elbaz, Antoine Deney, Guillaume Schurtz, Clemence Docq, Francois Roubille, Charles Fauvel, Thomas Bochaton, Victor Aboyans, Franck Boccara, Etienne Puymirat, Anne Batisse, Gabriel Steg, Eric Vicaut, Patrick Henry, ADDICT ICCU Investigators
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of recreational drug use and its association with in-hospital major adverse events in patients admitted to intensive cardiac care units. The results showed that 11% of the patients tested positive for recreational drugs, and those who used recreational drugs had a higher rate of adverse events.
Article
Spectroscopy
Chenxin Hou, Zishi Wang, Xiangshuai Li, Yuqian Bai, Jiashuang Chai, Xiangfen Li, Jinsheng Gao, Hongliang Xu
Summary: This study predicts drug acute toxicity using binding information with human serum albumin and establishes a new prediction model. By supplementing the dataset and optimizing the previous model, the researchers identified the Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network model as the best fitting model. The proposed model effectively improves the accuracy and credibility of the existing model, contributing to drug development and research.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Siqi Xia, Chaoran Xu, Fuyi Liu, Gao Chen
Summary: MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene silencing is a promising method of RNA interference for treating central nervous system diseases. Although several miRNA-based therapeutics have entered clinical trials for various diseases, clinical trials specifically targeting central nervous system diseases are scarce, and effective treatments for these diseases are lacking. This review provides an overview of miRNA-based therapeutics for central nervous system diseases, including their principles, progress, and potential obstacles in drug development, as well as possible solutions for the future.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Nicholas E. Webb, David M. Wood, Shaun L. Greene, Laura J. Hunter, John R. H. Archer, Alison M. Dines, Paul I. Dargan
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
C. . Lyphout, C. Yates, Z. R. Margolin, P. I. Dargan, A. M. Dines, F. Heyerdahl, K. E. Hovda, I. Giraudon, B. Bucher-Bartelson, J. L. Green, D. M. Wood
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2019)
Review
Toxicology
James T. Harnett, Alison M. Dines, David M. Wood, John R. H. Archer, Paul I. Dargan
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Letter
Toxicology
Oscar Miro, Paul I. Dargan, Miguel Galicia, Jacek Sein Anand, Jeffrey Bonnici, Blazena Caganova, Alison M. Dines, Florian Eyer, Isabelle Giraudon, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Gesche Jurgens, Piotr Maciej Kabata, Evangelia Liakoni, Matthias E. Liechti, Bruno Megarbane, Adrian Moughty, Niall O'Connor, Raido Paasma, Per Sverre Persett, Kristiina Pold, Julia Radenkova-Saeva, Irene Scholz, Odd Martin Vallersnes, W. Stephen Waring, David M. Wood, Christopher Yates, Sergej Zacharov
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Catherine Comiskey, Anne Line Bretteville-Jensen, Henri Bergeron, Gerhard Buehringer, Paul Dargan, Marina Davoli, Fabrizio Faggiano, Gabriele Fischer, Fernando Rodriguez de Fonseca, Henk Garretsen, Matthew Hickman, Dirk J. Korf, Krzysztof Krajewski, Letizia Paoli, Rainer Spanagel
Article
Toxicology
Orapan Apirakkan, Ivana Gavrilovic, Giuseppe Floresta, Cheyanne Pierre, Annelies Cannaert, Christophe P. Stove, Paul I. Dargan, David A. Cowan, Lewis Couchman, Vincenzo Abbate
FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Toxicology
Miguel Galicia, Paul Dargan, Alison M. Dines, Christopher Yates, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik Hovda, Isabella Giraudon, David M. Wood, Oscar Miro, Jacek Sein Anand, Jeffrey Bonnici, Blazena Caganova, Florian Eyer, Gesche Juergens, Piotr Maciej Kabata, Evangelia Liakoni, Matthias E. Liechti, Bruno Megarbane, Adrian Moughty, Niall O'Connor, Raido Paasma, Per Sverre Persett, Kristiina Pold, Julia Radenkova-Saeva, Irene Scholz, Odd Martin Vallersnes, W. Stephen Waring, Serge Zacharov
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Substance Abuse
Joanna Hockenhull, David M. Wood, Paul I. Dargan
SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
(2020)
Review
Toxicology
Kerry A. Layne, David M. Wood, Paul Dargan
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Joanna Hockenhull, Joshua C. Black, Alex Bletz, Zachary Margolin, Rick Olson, David M. Wood, Richard C. Dart, Paul I. Dargan
Summary: The study found substantial online discussions about nonmedical use of prescription opioids in the UK, including for hydrocodone which is not medically available. The most common theme in discussions was sharing experiences or opinions, with mentions also involving polysubstance use and drug diversion.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
David M. Wood, Paul Dargan
Summary: Prescription medicine misuse is a significant problem globally, but obtaining systematic data on the associated harms is challenging due to varying recording methods of patient visits. Utilizing data from ambulance attendances, emergency department presentations, and poisons information services can help in developing a better understanding of the prevalence and patterns of acute harms related to prescription medicine misuse.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Lisa Christine Dunlop, David Wood, John Archer, Simon Hudson, Paul Dargan
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Toxicology
David M. Wood, Luke De La Rue, Ali A. Hosin, Gesche Jurgens, Evangelia Liakoni, Fritdjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik Hovda, Alison Dines, Isabelle Giraudon, Matthias E. Liechti, Paul I. Dargan
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Toxicology
T. Yamamoto, P. I. Dargan, A. Dines, C. Yates, F. Heyerdahl, K. E. Hovda, I. Giraudon, R. Sedefov, D. M. Wood
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2019)