Review
Oncology
Perla El Zeinaty, Celeste Lebbe, Julie Delyon
Summary: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a common neoplasm caused by human gammaherpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) in Eastern and Central Africa. The endemic KS subtype can be aggressive, with ulcerative skin lesions and soft tissue invasion. Treatment options include systemic chemotherapies, immunomodulators, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and antiangiogenic drugs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amanda de Oliveira Lopes, Pedro do Nascimento Marinho, Leticia d'Ambrosio de Souza Medeiros, Vanessa Salete de Paula
Summary: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a virus containing oncogenes and proteins that play a crucial role in regulating cellular functions and leading to Kaposi's sarcoma. Some of these genes have the potential to be therapeutic targets for Kaposi's sarcoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Sophie Grabar, Dominique Costagliola
Summary: An air mattress is a non-breathable sleeping aid commonly used for camping or guests' accommodation.
Review
Oncology
Aude Jary, Marianne Veyri, Adelie Gothland, Valentin Leducq, Vincent Calvez, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin
Summary: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), is an oncogenic virus with a complex structure and genome, contributing to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma through a combination of lytic and latent phases. The virus encodes various oncogenic proteins that modulate cellular pathways to promote characteristics of cancer, such as inhibition of apoptosis, proliferation stimulation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immune escape. Variations in seroprevalence and transmission routes worldwide play a role in the differing epidemiological forms of Kaposi's sarcoma.
Article
Virology
Sayaka Tsurumi, Tadashi Watanabe, Yuki Iwaisako, Youichi Suzuki, Takashi Nakano, Masahiro Fujimuro
Summary: Research has shown that the ORF17 gene of KSHV plays a crucial role in viral capsid formation, and its protease function is essential for the maturation of the capsid.
Article
Immunology
Katherine R. Sabourin, Ibrahim Daud, Sidney Ogolla, Nazzarena Labo, Wendell Miley, Molly Lamb, Robert Newton, Denise Whitby, Rosemary Rochford
Summary: The study found that children with malaria have an increased risk of KSHV seroconversion, especially in high malaria transmission areas. As the annualized rate of malaria in children increases, the risk of KSHV seropositivity also increases.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Virology
Blossom Damania, Dirk P. Dittmer
Summary: This review provides an overview of the diverse manifestations of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) under various circumstances. It discusses the historical background of KS and KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), highlights the clinical diversity of KS presentations, summarizes our understanding of the tumor's cell of origin, explores KSHV viral load as a potential biomarker for acute infections and KS-related complications, and discusses immune modulators that affect KSHV infection, persistence, and KS disease.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Daoqun Li, Zulqarnain Baloch, Yang Zhao, Lei Bai, Xing Wang, Gang Wang, A-Mei Zhang, Ke Lan, Xueshan Xia
Summary: The study successfully established an in vitro and in vivo KSHV latent infection model in tree shrews, with kidney epithelial cells being the most susceptible to KSHV infection. This model is useful for studying the pathogenesis of KSHV in vivo, transmission routes of viral infection, and novel therapeutics against KSHV.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Nedaa Alomari, Jennifer Totonchy
Summary: This study demonstrates that the differentiation of new plasma cells is involved in the early stages of KSHV infection in B cells, and that IL-21 signaling can potentiate this effect, thereby increasing the overall magnitude of KSHV infection at early timepoints. These results suggest that IL-21 signaling represents a host-level susceptibility factor for the establishment of KSHV infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Mark N. N. Polizzotto
Summary: This study found that HHV-8-infected lambda-restricted plasmablasts can be detected in HHV-8-associated inflammatory diseases and used to differentiate different types of diseases. This finding contributes to an integrated clinicopathological approach to HHV-8-related diseases and may have clinical implications.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jungang Chen, Jiao Song, Jennifer James, Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff, Steven R. Post, Zhiqiang Qin, Lu Dai
Summary: The activation of IL1 signaling molecules, including IL1R1 and IL1RAP, plays an important role in KSHV pathogenesis and tumorigenesis. Targeting these molecules can effectively impair the survival and growth of KSHV-positive tumor cells.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Mariel Kleer, Grant MacNeil, Nancy Adam, Eric S. Pringle, Jennifer A. Corcoran
Summary: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) expresses high levels of the kaposin transcript during both latent and lytic phases of replication. Previous reagents did not allow for methodical analysis of individual kaposin proteins in KSHV replication. This study created a panel of mutant viruses and cell lines that delete kaposin proteins individually or in combination, enabling precise analysis of their roles in KSHV replication. The findings provide molecular tools for further research on the contributions of kaposin proteins in KSHV infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Rajnish Kumar Singh, Dipayan Bose, Erle S. Robertson
Summary: Epigenetic reprogramming of the KSHV genome occurs during hypoxia, leading to enrichment of both transcriptional activator and repressor modifications of histones. KSHV-encoded antigens contribute to the increase in modified histone proteins. Specific regions of the KSHV genome are critical for DNA replication under hypoxic conditions.
Article
Virology
Yuki Iwaisako, Tadashi Watanabe, Manami Futo, Rimiko Okabe, Yuichi Sekine, Youichi Suzuki, Takashi Nakano, Masahiro Fujimuro
Summary: In the process of KSHV capsid formation, ORF7 plays a role in capsid maturation and its zinc-finger motif is essential for TR cleavage and virus production in the KSHV genome.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Virology
Antony Idam Mamimandjiami, Augustin Mouinga-Ondeme, Jill-Lea Ramassamy, Delia Doreen Djuicy, Philippe Afonso, Antoine Mahe, Jean-Bernard Lekana-Douki, Olivier Cassar, Antoine Gessain
Summary: This study revealed a high seroprevalence of HHV-8 in rural adult populations in Gabon, with genetically diverse strains belonging to the B, A, and F genotypes.