Davis Wade Stadium Expansion and Renovation: Performance of Concrete Produced with Portland-Limestone Cement, Fly Ash, and Slag Cement

This paper documents successful use of portland-limestone cement (PLC) with 50% replacement of cement using supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) during expansion and renovation of a college football stadium. Concrete becomes more sustainable as clinker content is reduced, and use of PLC in place of ordinary portland cement (OPC), e.g., such as per a common U.S. national standard, has considerable appeal, especially if performance tradeoffs that are often associated with more sustainable concrete can be addressed. Higher replacement of cement in concrete with SCMs may also be possible by incorporating PLC, further adding value to projects from performance and sustainability perspectives. Concrete containing PLC was successfully used in approximately 1,900 m(3) of on-grade and structural concrete flatwork. The cementitious system contained 50% PLC, 30% slag cement, and 20% Class C fly ash. This paper provides information related to properties of the PLC supplied to the stadium project as they are not necessarily typical of PLCs used worldwide over the past several years. One especially beneficial performance trend was that early-age strength gain of concrete containing 50% PLC, 30% slag cement, and 20% Class C fly ash was noticeably better than that of otherwise comparable concrete containing OPC. Additionally, use of PLC did not result in finishing problems, reduced slump by approximately 20 mm, reduced set time by approximately 1 h, and improved chloride ion resistance. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.