Article
Cell Biology
Richard Boyce, Robin F. Dard, Rosa Cossart
Summary: A study found no difference in the structure of assembly activity in the sensorimotor cortex during awake, non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMs), or rapid eye movement sleep (REMs), despite the latter two states being associated with reduced consciousness. However, there was a significant coordination between global electroencephalogram (EEG) microstate dynamics and local cortical assembly activity during periods of wakefulness, but not during sleep.
Article
Psychiatry
Izabela Fulone, Marcus Tolentino Silva, Luciane Cruz Lopes
Summary: The study revealed gender differences in the use of atypical antipsychotics among patients diagnosed with early-onset schizophrenia, with males more commonly using risperidone and olanzapine in the 13-17 age group. Male patients were prescribed slightly higher doses of olanzapine and quetiapine in the 13-17 age group. More attention should be given to gender differences in both research and clinical practice.
Article
Psychiatry
Laura Pina-Camacho, Kenia Martinez, Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja, Gisela Mezquida, Manuel J. Cuesta, Carmen Moreno, Silvia Amoretti, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Celso Arango, Eduard Vieta, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Antonio Lobo, David Fraguas, Miguel Bernardo, Joost Janssen, Mara Parellada
Summary: Patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) show structural brain abnormalities at the first episode. The changes in cortical thickness that follow a FEP are dependent on the age at first episode, with younger patients showing more pronounced cortical thinning in the temporal lobe.
Article
Psychiatry
Olesya Ajnakina, Tushar Das, John Lally, Marta Di Forti, Carmine M. Pariante, Tiago Reis Marques, Valeria Mondelli, Anthony S. David, Robin M. Murray, Lena Palaniyappan, Paola Dazzan
Summary: The study suggests that treatment resistance in patients with first-episode psychosis may be related to disruptions in cortical folding principles. Patients with treatment resistance showed significantly reduced small-worldness and clustering coefficient, with increased length, indicating disturbances in the organizing principles of cortical folding.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Luke Tait, Jiaxiang Zhang
Summary: EEG microstate analysis is a method for studying brain states and transitions, but it is limited in its use at the sensor level. This study generalized the microstate methodology to source-reconstructed electrophysiological data and identified ten microstates with distinct spatial distributions. The study also found that source-level microstates were associated with different functional connectivity patterns.
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel J. King, Stefano Seri, Cathy Catroppa, Vicki A. Anderson, Amanda G. Wood
Summary: Pediatric traumatic brain injury can lead to inconsistent changes in brain morphology, with this study focusing on the relationship between cortical organization and long-term cognitive impairment post-pTBI. While specific reductions were found in structural covariance strength between controls and pTBI patients with executive function impairment, node-level differences were primarily in frontal regions. The study suggests that post-injury cortical thickness reductions in regions central to structural covariance topology may explain poor executive function outcomes in some patients.
Article
Psychiatry
Pernille Byrial, Lene Nyboe, Per Hove Thomsen, Loa Clausen
Summary: The study found significant differences in general motor function in early-onset schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls, highlighting the need for general motor assessments and potential interventions.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Oliver Y. Chen, Hengyi Cao, Huy Phan, Guy Nagels, Jenna M. Reinen, Jiangtao Gou, Tianchen Qian, Junrui Di, John Prince, Tyrone D. Cannon, Maarten de Vos
Summary: The study utilized a high-dimensional brain-wide functional mediation framework to investigate neural mediators among individuals at clinical high risk, revealing potential neural markers that may mediate behavioral symptoms and the development of psychotic disorders.
Article
Psychiatry
Kun Zhang, Xingyue Jin, Yuqiong He, Shuxian Wu, Xilong Cui, Xueping Gao, Chunxiang Huang, Xuerong Luo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of frontotemporal cortex involvement during a cognitive task in adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia (SCZ). The results revealed significant differences between SCZ patients and healthy controls in various frontotemporal regions. Patients with SCZ did not show an increase in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in most channels, but their performance in the cognitive task was comparable to the control group.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Melissa Plooster, Guendalina Rossi, Martilias S. Farrell, Jessica C. McAfee, Jessica L. Bell, Michael Ye, Graham H. Diering, Hyejung Won, Stephanie L. Gupton, Patrick Brennwald
Summary: TSNARE1, a high-confidence gene candidate for schizophrenia risk, regulates endosomal trafficking in cortical neurons and may act as an inhibitory SNARE by competing for incorporation into endosomal SNARE complex. Its localization in endosomal network and late endosomes suggests a role in negative regulation of early endosomal to late endosomal trafficking.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Carolina B. D'Andrea, Scott Marek, Andrew N. Van, Ryland L. Miller, Eric A. Earl, Stephanie B. Stewart, Nico U. F. Dosenbach, Bradley L. Schlaggar, Timothy O. Laumann, Damien A. Fair, Evan M. Gordon, Deanna J. Greene
Summary: This study used functional connectivity MRI to investigate the development of visual pathways in children and adults. The results showed that children have stronger functional connectivity between the brainstem motor area and the facial somatosensory cortical network compared to adults. Additionally, children's thalamus showed more integration with multiple networks, while there were no developmental differences in cerebellar connectivity.
Article
Psychiatry
Yujing Chen, Chuyu Pan, Shiqiang Cheng, Chun'e Li, Huijie Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Jingxi Zhang, Yao Yao, Peilin Meng, Xuena Yang, Li Liu, Bolun Cheng, Yumeng Jia, Yan Wen, Feng Zhang
Summary: This study examined the associations between early life factors and the age at onset of depression. The results showed that emotional care in childhood, especially in males, may affect the age at onset of depression. Additionally, the GSAP gene played an important role in the interaction between early life factors and depression.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Simone N. Vigod, Joel G. Ray, Eyal Cohen, Andrew S. Wilton, Natasha R. Saunders, Lucy C. Barker, Anick Berard, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Alison C. Holloway, Katherine Morrison, Tim F. Oberlander, Gillian Hanley, Karen Tu, Hilary K. Brown
Summary: Children born to mothers with schizophrenia have an increased risk of developing chronic health conditions during childhood, including mental and physical health issues. Further research is needed to understand the reasons behind the increased risk for physical health conditions and to identify preventive and treatment measures for these children.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Natalia Rodriguez, Luisa Lazaro, Ana E. Ortiz, Astrid Morer, Albert Martinez-Pinteno, Alex G. Segura, Patricia Gasso, Sergi Mas
Summary: In this study, we investigated the gene expression and immune dysfunction of monocytes in pediatric patients with OCD. We found that several immune processes were altered in the monocytes of OCD patients, both under basal conditions and after immune stimulation. Although qPCR analysis did not show significant differences, there were high correlations between gene expression levels and inflammatory markers.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Clare L. Taylor, Hilary K. Brown, Natasha R. Saunders, Lucy C. Barker, Simon Chen, Eyal Cohen, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Joel G. Ray, Simone N. Vigod
Summary: The study found that children born to mothers with schizophrenia had a higher risk of injury compared to children born to mothers without schizophrenia, especially in terms of self-injury and assault. Targeted monitoring and preventive interventions are recommended for children at risk of injury due to maternal schizophrenia.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Eric K. Tokuda, Henrique F. de Arruda, Guilherme S. Domingues, Luciano da F. Costa, Florence As Shibata, Roberto M. Cesar-Jr, Cesar H. Comin
Summary: The study investigates the interaction between cities and their green regions, and simulates the diffusion of green effects to better understand their influences on urban areas, particularly in terms of temperature, humidity, and gas exchanges. The approach involves automatically identifying the green regions, eliminating artifacts, and applying convolutions to analyze the diffusion dynamics. The study finds that even smaller green regions can significantly contribute to the diffusion of green effects in urban areas.
ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Paulo C. Ventura, Eric K. Tokuda, Luciano da F. Costa, Francisco A. Rodrigues
Summary: Mathematical models, especially epidemic models, are fundamental for studying the course of diseases and planning control policies. This study proposes a numerical approximation approach using a Markov chain method to predict the long-term prevalence of a disease in metapopulations with an attraction landscape. The results are compared to a mathematic-analytical approach and show substantial agreement. The study also investigates the impact of different levels of attraction landscapes on disease propagation and the local scale of the population.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Luciano da F. Costa
Summary: The present work explores the application of multiset similarity, specifically the real-valued Jaccard and coincidence indices, in artificial neurons. Other similarity measures such as overlap/interiority index, cosine similarity, and Euclidean distance are also considered. The study focuses on the features used to characterize input patterns and addresses issues related to selectivity, sensitivity, and perturbations. The results show that the real-valued Jaccard and coincidence approaches outperform the interiority index and cross-correlation, with the coincidence-based neurons demonstrating enhanced overall performance. The potential of multiset neurons in image segmentation and their implications in various fields are also discussed.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Alexandre Benatti, Henrique Ferraz de Arruda, Filipi Nascimento Silva, Cesar Henrique Comin, Luciano da Fontoura Costa
Summary: Citation networks can provide valuable insights into the development of science and the connections between different knowledge areas. This study examines the robustness of citation network communities in relation to the keywords used to collect relevant articles. The findings show that the structure of citation network communities tends to remain intact even when certain keywords are absent, thanks to their highly modular nature. Additionally, a simple model is used to explore the relationship between keywords and the community structure, while also capturing the impact of missing keywords in different scenarios.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Eline J. H. van van Hugte, Dirk Schubert, Nael Nadif Kasri
Summary: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder associated with alterations in excitatory/inhibitory balance. While previous studies focused on reduced inhibition or increased excitation as the cause of epilepsy, recent research suggests that depolarizing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) also contributes to epileptogenesis. During brain development, GABA switches from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing, and alterations in the timing of this transition are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and epilepsy. This article discusses the role of depolarizing GABA in altered excitatory/inhibitory balance and seizure generation, highlighting it as a common factor in neurodevelopmental disorders and epilepsy.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Alexandre, F. Xavier, T. Silva, F. Rodrigues
Summary: In this paper, the determinants of individual nestedness contribution (INC) in financial systems were assessed using data from two Brazilian financial networks. The study found that in the bank-firm credit network, the main determinants of INC were degree and core number, while in the interbank network, the INC of lending banks was mainly driven by their degree and there was no clear main determinant for borrowing banks' INC.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Alexandre Benatti, Luciano da F. Costa
Summary: This study addresses the important problem of reconstructing hierarchical structures in tree-like structures when sampling or discovering nodes. The research uses a simple tree model and coincidence similarity to quantify reconstruction errors, considering the effects of hierarchical structure, nodes content, and uncertainty. The study provides interesting results, including the dependence of accuracy on uncertainty parameter values and tree types, and the impact of content parameter changes on hierarchical reconstructions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guilherme Ferraz de Arruda, Giovanni Petri, Pablo Martin Rodriguez, Yamir Moreno
Summary: Although interactions in groups of individuals are common, they are not thoroughly studied. This study introduces a model for analyzing the behavior and dynamics of multiple groups and their intersections using binary-state dynamics on hypergraphs. The model reveals rich behavior, including multistability and intermittency, and demonstrates that community structures and the presence of bridges between communities can influence these phenomena. The findings open up new research paths in physics and social sciences.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shan Wang, Rick Hesen, Britt Mossink, Nael Nadif Kasri, Dirk Schubert
Summary: This article presents a protocol for studying the mechanistic insights into disruptions of neuronal excitation and inhibition balance in brain disorders. The authors generated co-cultures of glutamatergic excitatory and GABAergic inhibitory neurons using human induced pluripotent stem cells, and analyzed E/I network properties using immunocytochemistry and multi-electrode array recording. This approach allows for studying the cell-type-specific contribution of disease genes to E/I balance in human neurons.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Francisco A. Rodrigues
Summary: This review provides a brief overview of machine learning in physics, covering the main concepts of supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning, as well as more specialized topics such as causal inference, symbolic regression, and deep learning. The principal applications of machine learning in physics are presented, and the associated challenges and perspectives are discussed.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Barbara C. E. Souza, Filipi N. Silva, Henrique F. de Arruda, Giovana D. da Silva, Luciano Da F. Costa, Diego R. Amancio
Summary: This article introduces a method called "recurrence network" which can be used to analyze text narratives at multiple scales. By applying this method to the analysis of 300 books, the study found that recurrence networks can be effective in distinguishing meaningful and meaningless texts, as well as different literary genres.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Caroline L. Alves, Thaise G. L. de O. Toutain, Joel Augusto Moura Porto, Patricia Maria de Carvalho Aguiar, Eduardo Ponde de Sena, Francisco A. Rodrigues, Aruane M. Pineda, Christiane Thielemann
Summary: This study presents a rigorous approach using machine learning and deep learning techniques to automate the diagnosis of schizophrenia. By analyzing functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalogram datasets, the researchers established a model that achieved excellent classification results. The findings demonstrate that the topology and dynamics of brain networks in individuals with schizophrenia differ from those without the disorder, and EEG measurements outperformed complex networks in capturing the brain alterations associated with schizophrenia.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andre Calixto Goncalves, Rodolfo Valentim, Francisco Aparecido Rodrigues, Ivan Filipe Fernandes
Article
Biology
Moritz Negwer, Bram Bosch, Maren Bormann, Rick Hesen, Lukas Lutje, Lynn Aarts, Carleen Rossing, Nael Nadif Kasri, Dirk Schubert
Summary: This study presents FriendlyClearMap, an integrated toolset that makes ClearMap's CellMap pipeline easier to use and provides detailed tutorials and Docker Images for minimal time investment. The study also introduces landmark-based atlas registration and alternative cell segmentation methods, as well as a visualization tool called BrainRender. The toolkit is used to quantify the distribution of GABAergic interneuron subclasses and is shown to improve on existing packages for large-scale deployment.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jaakko Vallinoja, Timo Nurmi, Julia Jaatela, Vincent Wens, Mathieu Bourguignon, Helena Maenpaa, Harri Piitulainen
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effects of lesions related to spastic diplegic cerebral palsy on functional connectivity. Using multiple imaging modalities, the researchers found enhanced functional connectivity in the sensorimotor network of individuals with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy, which was not correlated with hand coordination performance.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Francesca Ginatempo, Nicola Loi, John C. Rothwell, Franca Deriu
Summary: This study comprehensively investigated sensorimotor integration in the cranial-cervical muscles of healthy adults and found that the integration of sensory inputs with motor output is profoundly influenced by the type of sensory afferent involved and the functional role played by the target muscle.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
