Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiale Ma, Zheng Ge
Summary: A systematic review and network meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of DAC and AZA in AML and HR-MDS patients. Both DAC and AZA showed better overall response rate and longer overall survival compared to CCR, but DAC demonstrated higher efficacy in achieving complete remission rate compared to AZA.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
David A. Sallman, Monzr M. Al Malki, Adam S. Asch, Eunice S. Wang, Joseph G. Jurcic, Terrence J. Bradley, Ian W. Flinn, Daniel A. Pollyea, Suman Kambhampati, Tiffany N. Tanaka, Joshua F. Zeidner, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Deepa Jeyakumar, Rami Komrokji, Jeffrey Lancet, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Lin Gu, Yajia Zhang, Anderson Tan, Mark Chao, Carol O'Hear, Giridharan Ramsingh, Indu Lal, Paresh Vyas, Naval G. Daver
Summary: This study reported the final phase Ib data of magrolimab and azacitidine in patients with untreated higher-risk MDS. The results showed that the combination therapy of magrolimab and azacitidine promotes macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of tumor cells and has synergistic effects. The study demonstrates the good safety and efficacy of this combination therapy in treating higher-risk MDS patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Montes, Ana Guerra-Librero, Paloma Garcia, Maria Elena Cornejo-Calvo, Maria del Senor Lopez, Tomas de Haro, Laura Martinez-Ruiz, Germaine Escames, Dario Acuna-Castroviejo
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the hypomethylating agent 5-azacitidine on the redox status and inflammation in MDS patients. The results showed that MDS patients had a lower redox status and higher CAT activity compared to healthy subjects. The progression of the disease was associated with increased GPx activity, GSSG/GSH ratio, LPO, and AOPP levels, and decreased CAT activity. The study also found changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines and plasma nitrite plus nitrate levels, but no association between inflammation and oxidative stress was observed.
Article
Pathology
Roya Shahidi, Muhajir Mohamed, Archana Sharma, Jessica Heenan, Julia Gardner, Sam Hitchins
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of azacitidine treatment on MDS patients with bone marrow fibrosis. The study found that patients with fibrotic marrow had shorter overall survival and event-free survival compared to patients without fibrosis. Bone marrow fibrosis was an independent factor affecting overall survival.
Article
Oncology
Sara Mongiorgi, Alessia De Stefano, Stefano Ratti, Valentina Indio, Annalisa Astolfi, Irene Casalin, Andrea Pellagatti, Stefania Paolini, Sarah Parisi, Michele Cavo, Andrea Pession, James A. McCubrey, Pann-Ghill Suh, Lucia Manzoli, Jacqueline Boultwood, Carlo Finelli, Lucio Cocco, Matilde Y. Follo
Summary: This study found that high levels of miR-192-5p are associated with higher overall survival and leukemia-free survival in myelodysplastic syndromes responding to azacitidine and lenalidomide. Moreover, miR-192-5p specifically targets and inhibits BCL2, possibly regulating proliferation and apoptosis and leading to the identification of new therapeutic targets.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Amer M. Zeidan, Uma Borate, Daniel A. Pollyea, Andrew M. Brunner, Fernando Roncolato, Jacqueline S. Garcia, Robin Filshie, Olatoyosi Odenike, Anne Marie Watson, Ravitharan Krishnadasan, Ashish Bajel, Kiran Naqvi, Jiuhong Zha, Wei-Han Cheng, Ying Zhou, David Hoffman, Jason G. Harb, Jalaja Potluri, Guillermo Garcia-Manero
Summary: The combination of venetoclax and azacitidine shows promising safety and efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) following hypomethylating agent (HMA) therapy failure, providing hematological responses and clinically meaningful benefits.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeannine Diesch, Marguerite-Marie Le Pannerer, Rene Winkler, Raquel Casquero, Matthias Muhar, Mark van der Garde, Michael Maher, Carolina Martinez Herraez, Joan J. Bech-Serra, Michaela Fellner, Philipp Rathert, Nigel Brooks, Lurdes Zamora, Antonio Gentilella, Carolina de la Torre, Johannes Zuber, Katharina S. Goetze, Marcus Buschbeck
Summary: Azacitidine (AZA) treatment is used for patients with myelodysplasias that cannot undergo bone marrow transplantation; however, AZA treatment is only partially effective. The authors demonstrate synergy of AZA with compounds inhibiting the chromatin regulators CBP and p300, which is mediated by the RNA-dependent functions of AZA affecting protein translation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Marino Clavio, Elena Crisa, Maurizio Miglino, Fabio Guolo, Manuela Ceccarelli, Flavia Salvi, Bernardino Allione, Dario Ferrero, Enrico Balleari, Carlo Finelli, Antonella Poloni, Carmine Selleri, Paolo Danise, Daniela Cilloni, Anna Angela Di Tucci, Gianni Cametti, Roberto Freilone, Renato Fanin, Catia Bigazzi, Renato Zambello, Monica Crugnola, Esther N. Oliva, Riccardo Centurioni, Francesco Alesiani, Massimo Catarini, Andrea Castelli, Antonio Abbadessa, Silvana F. Capalbo, Pellegrino Musto, Emanuele Angelucci, Valeria Santini
Summary: The study analyzed outcomes of AZA treatment for 402 MDS patients and evaluated the North American MDS Consortium scoring system. Results showed that patients who discontinued treatment while still responding had better survival compared to those with primary resistance or adaptive resistance. The scoring system was useful in predicting survival and guiding second-line treatment choices after AZA discontinuation.
Article
Oncology
Alan F. List, Zhuoxin Sun, Amit Verma, John M. Bennett, Rami S. Komrokji, Kathy McGraw, Jaroslaw Maciejewski, Jessica K. Altman, Puneet S. Cheema, David F. Claxton, Selina M. Luger, Ryan J. Mattison, Timothy R. Wassenaar, Andrew S. Artz, Charles A. Schiffer, Mark R. Litzow, Martin S. Tallman
Summary: The combination of lenalidomide and epoetin alfa significantly improves major erythroid response in lower-risk, non-del(5q) MDS patients compared to lenalidomide alone, with a higher rate and longer duration of response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Oriol Calvete, Julia Mestre, Andres Jerez, Francesc Sole
Summary: The classification of secondary myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDSs) in patients with a previous primary tumor is still controversial due to the lack of an established consensus risk factor-based classification. Current classifications consider separate etiologies based on exposure to cytotoxic therapy and genetic predisposition, despite the evidence of overlapping risk factors. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of secondary MDS etiologies and suggests the need for future classifications that take into account all risk factors and their interactions.
Article
Oncology
Andrew M. Brunner, Alexander Gavralidis, Najla Al Ali, Anthony Hunter, Rami Komrokji, Amer Zeidan, David A. Sallman
Summary: This study evaluated the treatment response and survival rate of MDS patients treated with DNMTI therapy. The results showed that patients who achieved a CRh response had similar survival and duration on therapy as patients who achieved a CR response, and superior to other responses. These data support further evaluation of the importance of CRh as a response criteria and in clinical trials.
BLOOD CANCER JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Naibo Hu, Tiejun Qin, Xiaoyan Du, Bingyi Wang, Xiaoyun Wang, Zefeng Xu, Lijuan Pan, Shiqiang Qu, Zhijian Xiao
Summary: In high-risk MDS patients, the reduced-dose DAC group showed better treatment response compared to the AZA group, with pre-treatment ANC being a significant factor associated with ORR.
MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Thibault Comont, Mael Heiblig, Etienne Riviere, Louis Terriou, Julien Rossignol, Didier Bouscary, Virginie Rieu, Guillaume Le Guenno, Alexis Mathian, Achille Aouba, Julien Vinit, Jeremie Dion, Olivier Kosmider, Benjamin Terrier, Sophie Georgin-Lavialle, Pierre Fenaux, Arsene Mekinian
Summary: Azacitidine may be effective in MDS associated with inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. A study on 116 VEXAS patients in France found that azacitidine treatment achieved clinical response in 46% of patients, suggesting its potential effectiveness in selected VEXAS patients with MDS.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Jan Philipp Bewersdorf, Amer M. Zeidan
Summary: MDS and CMML are two distinct blood cancers with variable symptoms and risks. Management decisions should be individualized and based on validated risk stratification tools. Supportive care is the mainstay for lower-risk patients, while bone marrow transplant is the only curative option for higher-risk patients.
Article
Oncology
David A. Sallman, Amy E. DeZern, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, David P. Steensma, Gail J. Roboz, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Thomas Cluzeau, Kendra L. Sweet, Amy McLemore, Kathy L. McGraw, John Puskas, Ling Zhang, Jiqiang Yao, Qianxing Mo, Lisa Nardelli, Najla H. Al Ali, Eric Padron, Greg Korbel, Eyal C. Attar, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Jeffrey E. Lancet, Pierre Fenaux, Alan F. List, Rami S. Komrokji
Summary: The combination treatment with eprenetapopt and azacitidine is well-tolerated and results in high rates of clinical response and molecular remissions in patients with TP53-mutant MDS and oligoblastic AML.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
