Article
Microbiology
Henan Xin, Ying Du, Xuefang Cao, Dakuan Wang, Bin Zhang, Haoran Zhang, Boxuan Feng, Yijun He, Yongpeng He, Zhusheng Quan, Zisen Liu, Jiaoxia Yan, Ling Guan, Xueling Guan, Fei Shen, Jianmin Liu, Qi Jin, Shouguo Pan, Lei Gao
Summary: This study investigated the performance of different screening algorithms for active tuberculosis among individuals with latent tuberculosis infection in rural China. The Xpert MTB/RIF assay showed the highest sensitivity, and its combination with chest radiography further improved the sensitivity, although the positive predictive value decreased. Molecular detection of pathogens alone showed good performance in ruling out active TB in latent tuberculosis infection, but cost implications need to be considered.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Junseong Kim, Heechul Park, Sung-Bae Park, Eun Ju Lee, Min-A Je, Eunsol Ahn, Bora Sim, Jiyoung Lee, Hyunwoo Jin, Kyung Eun Lee, Sang-Nae Cho, Young Ae Kang, Hyejon Lee, Sunghyun Kim, Jungho Kim
Summary: Early diagnosis of active tuberculosis is important for successful treatment and reduced mortality. This study found that certain miRNAs, including miR-199a-3p and miR-6886-3p, can distinguish between active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection. Additionally, anti-TB treatment helps restore the levels of certain miRNAs. The predicted target genes are involved in various biological processes.
Article
Immunology
Yiwei Qi, Zhiwei Liu, Xiaojin Liu, Zhong Fang, Yanchao Liu, Feng Li
Summary: This study aimed to determine early diagnostic methods for spinal tuberculosis. The results showed that GeneXpert MTB/RIF had a higher positive rate in diagnosis, and the tuberculosis-specific antigen/phytohemagglutinin ratio in the T-SPOT assay could predict and diagnose spinal tuberculosis effectively. Combining these two methods can lead to more accurate diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Guiyi Ji, Miaomiao Zhang, Qianqian Liu, Shouquan Wu, Yu Wang, Guo Chen, Andrew J. Sandford, Jian-Qing He
Summary: The study found that single nucleotide polymorphisms of the NFE2L2 gene are associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis, potentially impacting the occurrence of tuberculosis through regulation of NFE2L2's transcriptional activity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Patrick Howlett, Pamela Nabeta, Nestan Tukvadze, Samuel G. Schumacher, Claudia M. Denkinger
Summary: High-throughput centralized testing for tuberculosis (TB) and drug resistance is crucial, however, limited comparative data exists. This study compared the performance of Abbott RealTime MTB and RealTime MTB RIF/INH to Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF, with Abbott assays showing lower sensitivity for TB detection but similar performance for resistance detection. The differences in TB detection may be attributed to the use of frozen samples for Abbott testing compared to fresh samples for Xpert. Further studies in compliance with manufacturer's instructions are necessary for a fair comparison.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lifan Zhang, Huimin Ma, Shijun Wan, Yueqiu Zhang, Mengqiu Gao, Xiaoqing Liu
Summary: This study aimed to improve the accuracy of differential diagnosis of active tuberculosis (ATB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) by using fluorescent immunospot (FluoroSpot) assay to detect specific Th1 cell immune responses. Rv1733c SLP, combined with ESAT-6 and CFP-10, might be used as a candidate antigen for T cell-based tuberculosis diagnostic tests to differentiate ATB from LTBI.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ruiqi Chen, Meihui LI, Shuang Qin, Hong Lu, Mo Shen, Xiangyang Lin
Summary: This study investigated the regulatory role of STAT3 and pSTAT3 in the T cell immunophenotype and cell function in tuberculosis (TB) patients. The expression of pSTAT3 was increased in CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells in active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) patients, and the expression was higher in pleural effusion. Multifunctional T cells with higher pSTAT3 expression levels were found to secrete IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-17A. The pSTAT3 levels in Mtb-specific T cells were associated with the infection status and may indicate the clinical activity of the disease.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ednelza da Silva Graca Amoras, Thais Gouvea de Morais, Rafaella do Nascimento Ferreira, Samara Tatielle Monteiro Gomes, Francisca Dayse Martins de Sousa, Iury de Paula Souza, Ricardo Ishak, Antonio Carlos Rosario Vallinoto, Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz
Summary: This study investigated the association between genetic variations in cytokine genes, plasma cytokine levels, and the development of tuberculosis (TB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The findings suggest that certain genetic variations in cytokine genes are associated with an increased risk of TB, and TB patients have distinct cytokine profiles compared to other groups.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kamakshi Prudhula Devalraju, Deepak Tripathi, Venkata Sanjeev Kumar Neela, Padmaja Paidipally, Rajesh Kumar Radhakrishnan, Karan P. Singh, Mohammad Soheb Ansari, Martin Jaeger, Romana T. Netea-Maier, Mihai G. Netea, Sunmi Park, Sheue-Yann Cheng, Vijaya Lakshmi Valluri, Ramakrishna Vankayalapati
Summary: The study found that young household contacts who exhibit decreased production of thyroid hormones are at high risk of developing active TB disease.
Article
Immunology
Yuchen Liu, Lifan Zhang, Fengying Wu, Ye Liu, Yuanchun Li, Yan Chen
Summary: This study identified a pyroptosis-related signature in the pathogenic framework of ATB and developed a diagnostic model with high efficiency and accuracy.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jiaxing Liu, Ye Li, Ting Liu, Yuru Shi, Yun Wang, Jing Wu, Yingjie Qi
Summary: In this study, two differential miRNAs (hsa-let-7d-5p and hsa-miR-140-5p) related to tuberculosis were identified through screening GEO database and conducting differential analysis and target gene enrichment analysis. A biomarker panel was established using logistic regression to effectively distinguish latent tuberculosis infection from active tuberculosis. The panel showed high sensitivity and specificity with area under the curve values of 0.930 and 0.923 for the training set and test set, respectively.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Magdalena Druszczynska, Michal Seweryn, Sebastian Wawrocki, Magdalena Kowalewska-Pietrzak, Anna Pankowska, Wieslawa Rudnicka
Summary: The study identified cytokine biosignatures characterizing active and latent tuberculosis in children and found specific cytokines with significant expression differences between different groups of children. The potential of serum-based host biosignatures to aid in the diagnosis of childhood M.tb infections was highlighted, with proposed panels of markers showing promise in distinguishing between infected and uninfected children, as well as those with active TB and latent TB.
Article
Immunology
Ying Luo, Guoxing Tang, Xu Yuan, Qun Lin, Liyan Mao, Huijuan Song, Ying Xue, Shiji Wu, Renren Ouyang, Hongyan Hou, Feng Wang, Ziyong Sun
Summary: The study established a diagnostic model based on blood routine examination (BRE) and T-SPOT.TB test results from 2013 to 2019 data, successfully differentiating between active tuberculosis (ATB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sabira Tahseen, Atiqa Ambreen, Sheeba Ishtiaq, Faisal M. Khanzada, Nauman Safdar, Lisbet Sviland, Tehmina Mustafa
Summary: This study assessed the value of histological examination in diagnosing tuberculous lymphadenitis (LNTB) and found that combining histology with Xpert can improve the diagnostic rate of LNTB compared to using Xpert alone.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dan Zhang, Fei Yu, Dongsheng Han, Weizhen Chen, Lingjun Yuan, Mengxiao Xie, Jieyuan Zheng, Jingchao Wang, Bin Lou, Shufa Zheng, Yu Chen
Summary: This study compared the diagnostic performance of ddPCR, mNGS, and Xpert in the detection of MTB infection. The results showed that ddPCR had the highest sensitivity for diagnosing active MTB cases, while mNGS and Xpert had lower sensitivity.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivana Palucci, Alessandro Salustri, Flavio De Maio, Maria del Carmen Pereyra Boza, Francesco Paglione, Michela Sali, Luca Occhigrossi, Manuela D'Eletto, Federica Rossin, Delia Goletti, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Mauro Piacentini, Giovanni Delogu
Summary: This study aimed to test the potential activity of cysteamine and cystamine against Mycobacterium abscessus. The results showed that these drugs restricted the growth of M. abscessus in human macrophages and had enhanced activity when combined with amikacin. The treatment with these drugs was more effective against MAB-S infection and reduced the inflammatory response triggered by MAB-R infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Munyaradzi Musvosvi, Huang Huang, Chunlin Wang, Qiong Xia, Virginie Rozot, Akshaya Krishnan, Peter Acs, Abhilasha Cheruku, Gerlinde Obermoser, Alasdair Leslie, Samuel M. Behar, Willem A. Hanekom, Nicole Bilek, Michelle Fisher, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Gerhard Walzl, Mark Hatherill, Mark M. Davis, Thomas J. Scriba
Summary: In this study, single-cell and bulk T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing and the GLIPH2 algorithm were used to analyze M. tuberculosis-specific sequences in two longitudinal cohorts. The findings identified T-cell similarity groups associated with control of infection or progression to disease, and proposed antigens recognized by T-cell similarity groups associated with infection control as high-priority targets for future vaccine development.
Article
Cell Biology
Leila Y. Y. Chihab, Rebecca Kuan, Elizabeth J. J. Phillips, Simon A. A. Mallal, Virginie Rozot, Mark M. M. Davis, Thomas J. J. Scriba, Alessandro Sette, Bjoern Peters, Cecilia S. Lindestam S. Arlehamn, SATVI Study Group
Summary: Specific HLA alleles have been identified as associated with susceptibility to active tuberculosis (TB), with lower expression of these alleles being linked to a decreased Mtb-specific T cell response and a specific gene expression signature.
Article
Immunology
Carly Young, Sara Suliman, Virginie Rozot, Simon C. Mendelsohn
Summary: Safe, effective, and accessible vaccines are urgently needed to end tuberculosis (TB) by 2030. The 6th Global Forum on TB Vaccines, hosted by Toulouse, France, highlighted the progress and gaps in TB vaccine research and development. The meeting discussed the advancement of TB vaccines into late-stage clinical trials, the diversification of the TB vaccine pipeline, increasing political and community support, and the impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on TB vaccine development.
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Delia Goletti, Seif Al-Abri, Giovanni Battista Migliori, Rhea Coler, Catherine Wei Min Ong, Susanna Maria Roberta Esposito, Marina Tadolini, Alberto Matteelli, Daniela Cirillo, Elisa Nemes, Alimuddin Zumla, Eskild Petersen
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Serena Ruggieri, Alessandra Aiello, Carla Tortorella, Assunta Navarra, Valentina Vanini, Silvia Meschi, Daniele Lapa, Shalom Haggiag, Luca Prosperini, Gilda Cuzzi, Andrea Salmi, Maria Esmeralda Quartuccio, Anna Maria Gerarda Altera, Anna Rosa Garbuglia, Tommaso Ascoli Bartoli, Simonetta Galgani, Stefania Notari, Chiara Agrati, Vincenzo Puro, Emanuele Nicastri, Claudio Gasperini, Delia Goletti
Summary: This study investigated the antibody and T-cell immune responses in multiple sclerosis patients (PwMS) undergoing different disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) after receiving the two-dose schedule of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. The results showed a significant decrease in seroconversion rate and anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD)-IgG titers from the first dose to 24 weeks later, and a significant increase after the booster dose. The booster dose improved both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, especially in PwMS, highlighting the need for tailored strategies for immunocompromised patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Rosemary V. Swanson, Ananya Gupta, Taylor W. Foreman, Lan Lu, Jose Alberto Choreno-Parra, Stanley Kimbung Mbandi, Bruce A. Rosa, Sadia Akter, Shibali Das, Mushtaq Ahmed, Maria de la Luz Garcia-Hernandez, Dhiraj K. Singh, Ekaterina Esaulova, Maxim N. Artyomov, Jennifer Gommerman, Smriti Mehra, Joaquin Zuniga, Makedonka Mitreva, Thomas J. Scriba, Javier Rangel-Moreno, Deepak Kaushal, Shabaana A. Khader
Summary: Khader and colleagues demonstrate that Mtb-specific B cells play a vital role in recruiting T-FH cells into follicular-like structures within lung granulomas to control Mtb bacilli. However, specific antibodies and conventional properties of B cells are not essential for this process. Understanding the mechanisms of protection during TB is crucial due to its global impact as a leading cause of death.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erin J. Kelley, Sierra N. Henson, Fatima Rahee, Annalee S. Boyle, Anna L. Engelbrektson, Georgia A. Nelson, Heather L. Mead, N. Leigh Anderson, Morteza Razavi, Richard Yip, Jason T. Ladner, Thomas J. Scriba, John A. Altin
Summary: Current methods for detecting infections are limited in their ability to query multiple agents and provide immune response information. In this study, the authors use a novel approach to monitor infection events in the human virome by analyzing temporally coordinated changes in highly-multiplexed antibody measurements from longitudinal blood samples. They identify over 650 events across 48 virus species and observe strong epidemic effects. This approach provides a high-resolution view of viral/host dynamics and has implications for immunology and epidemiology research.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Roshni Roy Chowdhury, John R. Valainis, Megha Dubey, Lotta von Boehmer, Elsa Sola, Julie Wilhelmy, Jing Guo, Oliver Kask, Mane Ohanyan, Meng Sun, Huang Huang, Xianxi Huang, Patricia K. Nguyen, Thomas J. Scriba, Mark M. Davis, Sean C. Bendall, Yueh-hsiu Chien
Summary: Examined the response of gamma delta T cells in acute versus chronic phases of tuberculosis infection and found an expansion of CD8+ gamma delta T cells with memory inflation features in chronic infection. These cells are hyporesponsive to T cell receptor signaling but can mount cytotoxic responses mediated by CD16. Furthermore, CD8+ gamma delta T cells also expand in other chronic inflammatory conditions, suggesting similar effector programs and differentiation fates driven by persistent antigen exposure.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pathology
Tonino Alonzi, Federica Repele, Delia Goletti
Summary: Despite efforts, tuberculosis remains a major global health threat with a quarter of the world's population estimated to be infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Currently, there is no gold standard test for diagnosing tuberculosis infection (TBI) although new methodologies have been attempted.
EXPERT REVIEW OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alessandra Romagnoli, Martina Di Rienzo, Elisa Petruccioli, Carmela Fusco, Ivana Palucci, Lucia Micale, Tommaso Mazza, Giovanni Delogu, Giuseppe Merla, Delia Goletti, Mauro Piacentini, Gian Maria Fimia
Summary: In this study, the role of TRIM proteins in the host response to Mtb infection was investigated. TRIM32 was identified as a novel factor involved in the intracellular response to Mtb infection, promoting autophagy-mediated Mtb degradation. Silencing TRIM32 expression in THP1 cells resulted in increased intracellular growth of Mtb, impaired Mtb ubiquitination, reduced recruitment of autophagy proteins to Mtb, and decreased autophagosome formation. These findings suggest that TRIM32 plays an important role in the host response to Mtb infection and could be a promising target for tuberculosis therapies.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Etienne Villain, Aurelie Chanson, Malwina Mainka, Nadja Kampschulte, Pauline Le Faouder, Justine Bertrand-Michel, Marion Brandolini-Bulon, Bruno Charbit, Munyaradzi Musvosvi, Nicole Bilek, Thomas J. Scriba, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Nils Helge Schebb, Darragh Duffy, Cecile Gladine
Summary: Oxylipins have been identified as major immunomodulating mediators that play a crucial role in inflammation regulation. Our study characterized the oxylipin-driven inflammatory responses to different stimuli and their relationships with cytokine responses. The integration of oxylipin and cytokine responses revealed new immune networks and provided insights into the regulation of inflammation.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Raphael Genolet, Sara Bobisse, Johanna Chiffelle, Marion Arnaud, Remy Petremand, Lise Queiroz, Alexandra Michel, Patrick Reichenbach, Julien Cesbron, Aymeric Auger, Petra Baumgaertner, Philippe Guillaume, Julien Schmidt, Melita Irving, Lana E. Kandalaft, Daniel E. Speiser, George Coukos, Alexandre Harari
Summary: T cell receptor (TCR) technologies are essential in the clinical management of cellular immunity, but current methods for repertoire analyses and TCR cloning lack sensitivity and reliability. This study introduces SEQTR, a high-throughput approach that is more sensitive and accurate in analyzing human and mouse repertoires, enabling more reliable capture of the complexity of TCR repertoires. Additionally, a TCR cloning strategy is presented for efficient discovery, cloning, screening, and engineering of tumor-specific TCRs.
CELL REPORTS METHODS
(2023)
