Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rami Sommerstein, Nicolas Troillet, Stephan Harbarth, Marlieke E. A. de Kraker, Danielle Vuichard-Gysin, Stefan P. Kuster, Andreas F. Widmer
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the timing of administration of cefuroxime surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) and the occurrence of surgical site infections (SSI). The results showed that cefuroxime SAP should be administered within 60 minutes prior to incision, and ideally within 10 to 25 minutes, to reduce the risk of SSI.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Niloufar Taherpour, Yadollah Mehrabi, Arash Seifi, Babak Eshrati, Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiologic characteristics of orthopedic SSIs and estimated the under-reporting of registries using the capture-recapture method. The results showed that a significant portion of orthopedic SSIs were not detected by the two sources among six hospitals, leading to a 63.32% under-reporting rate.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
S. J. S. Aghdassi, C. Schroder, P. Gastmeier
Summary: Urgent surgery increases the risk of SSIs for C-sections but not for colon surgeries. Collecting data on urgency is useful for SSI surveillance in C-sections but may be unnecessary for other procedures. Further research should focus on different types of procedures for SSI analysis.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hiroyuki Suzuki, Gosia S. Clore, Eli N. Perencevich, Stacey M. Hockett-Sherlock, Michihiko Goto, Rajeshwari Nair, Westyn Branch-Elliman, Kelly K. Richardson, Kalpana Gupta, Brice F. Beck, Bruce Alexander, Erin C. Balkenende, Marin L. Schweizer
Summary: The study developed an automated algorithm using VA EMR data to identify deep-incisional SSIs after cardiac surgeries and TJAs. The algorithm showed high sensitivity and positive predictive values in detecting SSIs, and further validation in different hospital systems is recommended.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alysha Crocker, Anna Kornilo, John Conly, Elizabeth Henderson, Elissa Rennert-May, Jenine Leal
Summary: This study used administrative data to report SSI rates following spinal procedures, finding an increasing trend in SSI rates from 2008 to 2015, with the highest infection rates in the 0-18 year age group. Further validation comparing administrative data with traditional surveillance methods is needed.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elissa Rennert-May, Jenine Leal, Matthew K. MacDonald, Kristine Cannon, Stephanie Smith, Derek Exner, Oscar E. Larios, Kathryn Bush, Derek Chew
Summary: This study explored the validity of administrative data in identifying surgical site infections in cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) procedures. The findings indicate that administrative data can effectively identify CIED infections, with machine learning models performing optimally and pre-selected code algorithms also yielding excellent results.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anita Hasler, Ines Unterfrauner, Maurits G. L. Olthof, Peter Jans, Michael Betz, Yvonne Achermann, Ilker Uckay
Summary: The systemic doubling of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in obese patients did not reduce the overall risk of deep surgical site infections, according to a study with nearly 17,000 orthopedic surgeries in adult patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Suzanne D. van der Werff, Janneke D. M. Verberk, Christian Buchli, Maaike S. M. van Mourik, Pontus Naucler
Summary: The aim of this study was to externally validate two existing semi-automated surveillance algorithms for deep SSI after colorectal surgery, developed on Spanish and Dutch data, in a Swedish setting. The results showed that the algorithm not relying on microbiological culture data had the highest sensitivity in this new setting and has the potential to support large-scale semi-automated surveillance of SSI after colorectal surgery.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raymond J. Liou, Michelle J. Earley, Joseph D. Forrester
Summary: Surgical site infections (SSI) are common and costly hospital-acquired infections in the United States. This study found that meteorological variables such as temperature, humidity, and precipitation can affect the risk of SSI. The research also identified the Southeast region of the United States as being at the highest risk for climate change-related SSI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Janneke D. M. Verberk, Suzanne D. van der Werff, Rebecka Weegar, Aron Henriksson, Milan C. Richir, Christian Buchli, Maaike S. M. van Mourik, Pontus Naucler
Summary: This study investigated the performance of a semi-automated surveillance algorithm augmented with a natural language processing (NLP) component to improve positive predictive value (PPV) and workload reduction (WR). The results showed that the addition of NLP had a modest effect on reducing workload but sacrificed sensitivity.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Tatsuki Kobayashi, Tetsuhiro Ishikawa, Joe Katsuragi, Mitsutoshi Ota, Takanori Omae, Yasuhito Sasaki, Yousuke Tsurumi, Takashi Nomoto, Seiji Ohtori
Summary: In this study, nasal culture screening was performed on 1616 operative patients to evaluate the presence of nasal bacterial microbiota and its correlation with surgical-site infections (SSIs). The results showed that the risk factors for MRSA carriers were significantly higher in patients with a history of hospitalization, admission to a nursing facility, and age over 75. The incidence of SSIs was significantly higher in MSSA carriers compared to normal microbiota, while the incidence in MRSA carriers was slightly higher but not statistically significant. The concordance rate between causative bacteria of SSI and species present in nasal cultures was 53%.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
E. Baxter
Summary: Caesarean section is a common procedure with risk of surgical site infections. A programme led by a midwife successfully reduced the rate of CS SSI through targeted interventions. Hospitals should consider implementing surveillance and prevention programmes for CS SSI to achieve significant benefits with minimal resources.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Matteo De Pastena, Salvatore Paiella, Michele Fontana, Chiara Filippini, Laura Addari, Alice Giorgi, Simona Canton, Giovanni Zanusso, Anna Maria Azzini, Claudio Bassi, Evelina Tacconelli, Roberto Salvia
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical and economic impact of surgical site infections after distal pancreatectomy. The results showed that surgical site infections were associated with higher body mass index, positive preoperative rectal swab for multidrug resistant bacteria, and increased operative time. Surgical site infections significantly contributed to the clinical burden and prolonged hospitalization, and doubled the hospitalization expenses.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura Soldevila-Boixader, Arnd Viehofer, Stephan Wirth, Felix Waibel, Inci Yildiz, Mike Stock, Peter Jans, Ilker Uckay
Summary: This study aimed to investigate risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) in elective orthopedic foot surgery and the microbiological results of SSI in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. The study found that the overall SSI risk was 1.88%. Independent risk factors for SSI included an ASA score of 3-4, presence of internal and external material, and more than two previous surgeries. Diabetes mellitus was associated with increased risk of SSI, especially in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Gram-positive cocci were the predominant pathogens in SSI, while contaminated foot surgeries had more polymicrobial infections with gram-negative bacilli. The study highlights the need for further research on optimal perioperative antibiotic prophylactic measures.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rami Sommerstein, Andrew Atkinson, Stefan P. Kuster, Danielle Vuichard-Gysin, Stephan Harbarth, Nicolas Troillet, Andreas F. Widmer
Summary: The study investigated whether double-dose cefuroxime for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients weighing at least 80 kg was associated with a decreased rate of surgical site infection (SSI). The results showed that double-dose cefuroxime was not consistently associated with a lower SSI rate in this patient population.
Article
Immunology
Nai-Chung Nelson Chang, Heather Schacht Reisinger, Marin L. Schweizer, Ichael Jones, Elizabeth Chrischilles, Margaret Chorazy, Charles Huskins, Loreen Herwaldt
Summary: The study found that healthcare workers were more likely to perform hand hygiene after contaminating tasks and less likely before critical tasks. Nurses were more likely to perform critical and contaminating tasks, with better hand hygiene compliance compared to physicians and other healthcare workers.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David K. Warren, Katelin B. Nickel, Christopher J. Hostler, Katherine Foy, Jennifer H. Han, Pam Tolomeo, Ian R. Banks, Victoria J. Fraser, Margaret A. Olsen
Summary: The study found that there was significant variation in the use of post-discharge prophylactic antibiotics among general surgeons, while plastic surgeons almost universally utilized them.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Christina L. Cifra, Kimberly C. Dukes, Brennan S. Ayres, Kelsey A. Calomino, Loreen A. Herwaldt, Hardeep Singh, Heather Schacht Reisinger
Summary: This pilot study aimed to investigate the relationship between referral communication and diagnostic process for critically ill children in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) using focused ethnography. The study found that conducting focused ethnography in a busy PICU is feasible and identified three areas for further exploration.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Antoinette A. A. Bediako-Bowan, David K. Warren, Katelin B. Nickel, Victoria J. Fraser, Margaret A. Olsen
Summary: More than half of women with clinically apparent infection following mastectomy did not meet the 2020 NHSN definition for surgical site infection. However, implant loss rates were similar whether or not they met the 2020 NHSN SSI definition, indicating equivalent adverse outcomes regardless of adherence to the surveillance definition.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nai-Chung N. Chang, Marin L. Schweizer, Heather Schacht Reisinger, Michael Jones, Elizabeth Chrischilles, Margaret Chorazy, W. Charles Huskins, Loreen Herwaldt
Summary: Hand hygiene compliance decreases significantly when healthcare worker's workload exceeds a certain level, with physicians and other healthcare workers responsible for a higher proportion of hand hygiene opportunities. This may lead to increased care complexity and risk to patients.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nai-Chung Chang, Michael Jones, Heather Schacht Reisinger, Marin L. Schweizer, Elizabeth Chrischilles, Margaret Chorazy, W. Charles Huskins, Loreen Herwaldt
Summary: The order in which healthcare workers perform patient care tasks affects hand hygiene compliance. Healthcare workers are less likely to perform hand hygiene when transitioning from dirtier to cleaner tasks, which could increase the risk of transmission or infection.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Victoria Y. Vivtcharenko, Sonali Ramesh, Kimberly C. Dukes, Hardeep Singh, Loreen A. Herwaldt, Heather Schacht Reisinger, Christina L. Cifra
Summary: This retrospective mixed methods study aimed to describe the documentation of patients' diagnoses by pediatric critical care clinicians in the PICU. The study analyzed 100 PICU admission notes for pediatric patients aged 0-17 years over a period of one year. The results showed that in 87% of the notes, both attending physicians and residents or advanced practice providers documented a primary diagnosis. Most diagnoses (72%) were written as narrative free text, and at least one rationale was documented to justify the primary diagnosis in 91% of the notes. However, diagnostic uncertainty was present in 52% of the notes, indicated by the use of words indicating uncertainty and documentation of differential diagnoses.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David K. Warren, Kate M. Peacock, Katelin B. Nickel, Victoria J. Fraser, Margaret A. Olsen
Summary: Prophylactic antibiotics are commonly prescribed at discharge for mastectomy, with anti-MSSA antibiotics associated with decreased risk of surgical-site infection (SSI) for both mastectomy-only and mastectomy with immediate reconstruction patients. High numbers needed to treat indicate potential benefits of postdischarge antibiotics should be weighed against potential harms of antibiotic overuse.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ana-Monica Racila, Amy M. J. O'Shea, Rajeshwari Nair, Kimberly Dukes, Loreen A. Herwaldt, Linda Boyken, Daniel Diekema, Melissa A. Ward, Jason Cobb, Jesse Jacob, David Pegues, Susan Bleasdale, Anitha Vijayan, Anubha Mutneja, Mony Fraer, Debra O'Connell-Moore, Pam Tolomeo, Minerva Mendez, Erin Jaworski, Marin L. Schweizer
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and effectiveness of nasal povidone-iodine in preventing bloodstream infections among haemodialysis patients. A randomized trial will be conducted to assess the intervention, with a focus on evaluating patient and unit characteristics, as well as the impact of the intervention on infection prevention.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ethan Wilson, Alexandre R. Marra, Melissa Ward, Laura Chapin, Stephanie Boulden, Timothy C. Ryken, Lynne C. Jones, Loreen A. Herwaldt
Summary: Background: More information about patients' experiences with pre-surgical screening and decolonization protocols is needed to enhance adherence. Methods: Patients undergoing orthopedic, neurosurgical, or cardiac operations at multiple hospitals were surveyed to assess their experiences. Results: Respondents at one hospital were more likely to report using decolonization agents and feeling adequately informed about infection prevention. Patients varied in their concern and willingness to prevent infections and their assessments of preoperative information. Conclusion: Improving adherence requires tailoring preoperative processes, education, and prophylaxis to patients' needs and desires.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sonali Ramesh, Brennan Ayres, Patrick Ten Eyck, Jeffrey D. Dawson, Heather Schacht Reisinger, Hardeep Singh, Loreen A. Herwaldt, Christina L. Cifra
Summary: This study found that subspecialty consultations are frequently requested in pediatric intensive care units, and they have a positive impact on the diagnosis and treatment of critically ill children. Intensivists often request subspecialty consultations for assistance in diagnosing and treating acute illnesses.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Armaghan-e-Rehman A. Mansoor, Caroline O'Neil, David J. McDonald, Victoria M. Fraser, Hilary H. Babcock, Jennie Kwon
Summary: The survey aimed to understand the experiences, beliefs, and perceptions of healthcare personnel (HCP) at nonacute care facilities regarding COVID-19 risk, infection prevention practices, and COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed that many HCP reported increased stress and feelings of burnout at work, while the majority had received the COVID-19 vaccine. Improving workplace policies, providing mental health resources and sick leave, ensuring access to personal protective equipment (PPE), and clear communication of PPE requirements may alleviate work stress and burnout.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alaa M. M. Mansour, Mohamed A. A. Nossair, Faten S. S. Soliman, Rasha Gomaa Tawfik, Engy Elekhnawy, Hayder M. M. Al-Kuraishy, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Mohamed H. H. Mahmoud, Athanasios Alexiou, Michael M. M. Shawky
Summary: This study collected 300 samples from five municipal abattoirs in several Egyptian provinces, including meat, water, air, floor, wall, and hand swabs. Escherichia coli was isolated from these samples, with various serotypes identified. The isolates showed resistance to cefotaxime, amoxiclav, and rifampin, and multiple virulence genes were detected. Nanosilver was effective in preventing bacterial growth at a concentration of 12.5 ppm. Poor hygiene practices among employees were also observed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Takaaki Kobayashi, Fernando Casado Castillo, Jason H. Barker, Loreen Herwaldt
Summary: Q fever, caused by Coxiella burnetii, is a zoonotic infection with a wide range of clinical manifestations. A small percentage of acute Q fever patients may develop chronic infection. Q fever should be considered in patients with vascular infections, even without a history of direct animal exposure.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexandre R. Marra, Eli N. Perencevich, Richard E. Nelson, Matthew Samore, Karim Khader, Hsiu-Yin Chiang, Margaret L. Chorazy, Loreen A. Herwaldt, Daniel J. Diekema, Michelle F. Kuxhausen, Amy Blevins, Melissa A. Ward, Jennifer S. McDanel, Rajeshwari Nair, Erin Balkenende, Marin L. Schweizer