Article
Immunology
Yongsheng Ruan, Tingting Luo, Qiujun Liu, Xuan Liu, Libai Chen, Jianyun Wen, Yuhua Xiao, Danfeng Xie, Yuelin He, Xuedong Wu, Xiaoqin Feng
Summary: The study found that CMV infection following allo-HSCT correlated with increased mortality in children's patients, and haplo-HSCT was identified as an independent risk factor for CMV infection. Adoptive CMV-CTL cell therapy was safe and effective in pediatric patients with CMV infection.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Elisa Saccon, Flora Mikaeloff, Pol Figueras Ivern, Akos Vegvari, Anders Sonnerborg, Ujjwal Neogi, Robert van Domselaar
Summary: Untreated HIV-1 infection leads to a decrease in CD4(+) T cell lymphocytes, susceptibility to opportunistic infections, and ultimately death. This study found that cytotoxic lymphocytes can target the HIV-1 Gag protein through granzyme cleavage to potentially control HIV-1 infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Amandine Pradier, Samuel Cordey, Marie-Celine Zanella, Astrid Melotti, Sisi Wang, Anne-Claire Mamez, Yves Chalandon, Stavroula Masouridi-Levrat, Laurent Kaiser, Federico Simonetta, Diem-Lan Vu
Summary: This study reveals a potential association between the non-pathogenic HPgV-1 virus and immunomodulation after allo-HSCT, suggesting that HPgV-1 may impair NK cell immune-reconstitution. This provides initial evidence for the potential impact of HPgV-1 infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hannah N. Imlay, Daniel R. Kaul
Summary: Until recently, available drugs for CMV prevention and treatment in transplant patients have been limited by toxicity and resistance issues, with letermovir being the first new drug approved for CMV prevention since 2003. The efficacy of letermovir in treating established CMV infection or disease remains largely unstudied, while the investigational agent maribavir shows promise as a preemptive treatment option with unique mechanisms of action. Ongoing studies will define the efficacy of these drugs in patients with refractory or resistant CMV disease.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Fatima Allaw, Sara F. Haddad, Johnny Zakhour, Souha S. Kanj
Summary: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common infection in immunocompromised patients, especially those undergoing allo-HSCT. Recent management strategies include pre-emptive treatment with frequent CMV PCR monitoring and the use of new drugs like letermovir. Treatment of CMV disease is challenging due to drug resistance, but promising results have been seen with maribavir and other alternative treatments such as immunotherapy, artesunate, and leflunomide.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Tatshuhito Ii, James K. Chambers, Ko Nakashima, Yuko Goto-Koshino, Takuya Mizuno, Kazuyuki Uchida
Summary: The expression of cytotoxic molecules in feline intestinal T-cell lymphoma cells, particularly their infiltration in the mucosal epithelium, is associated with shorter survival times.
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Byung-Hyun Lee, Min Ji Jeon, Eun Sang Yu, Ka -Won Kang, Dae Sik Kim, Se Ryeon Lee, Yong Park, Hwa Jung Sung, Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim
Summary: This study analyzed the association between CMV reactivation and survival outcomes in patients undergoing auto-SCT and developed a predictive model for late CMV reactivation. The study found that early CMV reactivation was significantly associated with better overall survival in multiple myeloma patients, while late CMV reactivation, high lactate dehydrogenase level, and lymphoma diagnosis were independent risk factors for poor overall survival. The predictive risk model showed good discrimination in identifying high-risk patients for late CMV reactivation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Nipat Chuleerarux, Saman Nematollahi, Achitpol Thongkam, M. Veronica Dioverti, Kasama Manothummetha, Pattama Torvorapanit, Nattapong Langsiri, Navaporn Worasilchai, Rongpong Plongla, Ariya Chindamporn, Anawin Sanguankeo, Nitipong Permpalung
Summary: This study aimed to determine the relationship between CMV infection/serostatus and IFIs in allo-HSCT populations. The results showed that post-transplant CMV infection and high-risk CMV serostatus increased the risk of IFIs, while low-risk CMV serostatus decreased the risk of IFIs.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Chieh-Lin Jerry Teng, Po-Nan Wang, Yee-Chun Chen, Bor-Sheng Ko
Summary: CMV infection is a common and severe complication of allo-HSCT in Taiwan due to high CMV seropositivity in the population. A CMV management strategy focusing on monitoring, prophylaxis, and treatment is proposed, including weekly monitoring with the COBAS (R) AmpliPrep system, a 14-week prophylactic course of letermovir for allo-HSCT recipients, and preemptive ganciclovir therapy when CMV viral load exceeds 1000 copies/mL. Limited availability of foscarnet is a crucial issue for patients not responsive to ganciclovir in Taiwan.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Virology
Andrea Gilioli, Andrea Messerotti, Paola Bresciani, Angela Cuoghi, Valeria Pioli, Corrado Colasante, Francesca Bettelli, Davide Giusti, Fabio Forghieri, Leonardo Potenza, Francesca Donatelli, Rachele Giubbolini, Laura Galassi, Roberto Marasca, Federico Banchelli, Roberto D'Amico, Monica Pecorari, William Gennari, Tommaso Trenti, Patrizia Comoli, Mario Luppi, Franco Narni
Summary: The study retrospectively analyzed a cohort of patients who underwent HSCT and found that CMV clinically significant infection (CS-CMVi) occurred in 48% of prophylactically treated patients, but it did not impact relapse incidence or overall survival. Additionally, the use of CMV-IG alone as prophylactic therapy did not effectively prevent CMV reactivation.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Gregorio Barila, Laura Pavan, Susanna Vedovato, Tamara Berno, Mariella Lo Schirico, Massimiliano Arangio Febbo, Antonella Teramo, Giulia Calabretto, Cristina Vicenzetto, Vanessa Rebecca Gasparini, Anna Fregnani, Sabrina Manni, Valentina Trimarco, Samuela Carraro, Monica Facco, Francesco Piazza, Gianpietro Semenzato, Renato Zambello
Summary: The immune system of patients with active Multiple Myeloma is significantly modulated by therapy, with treatments such as autologous stem cell transplantation and Lenalidomide leading to a dominant cytotoxic response that contributes to the anti-Myeloma effect of these regimens.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Gisung Son, Joo Yong Lee, June-Gone Kim, Yoon Jeon Kim
Summary: After conducting the study, it was found that the clinical manifestations of CMV retinitis differed between the SOT and HSCT groups, with different poor prognostic factors associated with each. The presence of concurrent CMV disease and foveal involvement were identified as factors associated with poor visual outcomes in CMV retinitis following transplantation in both the SOT and HSCT groups.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Massimo Martino, Annalisa Pitino, Mercedes Gori, Benedetto Bruno, Alessandra Crescimanno, Vincenzo Federico, Alessandra Picardi, Stefania Tringali, Claudia Ingrosso, Paola Carluccio, Domenico Pastore, Gerardo Musuraca, Annalisa Paviglianiti, Adriana Vacca, Bianca Serio, Gabriella Storti, Nicola Mordini, Salvatore Leotta, Michele Cimminiello, Lucia Prezioso, Barbara Loteta, Anna Ferreri, Fabrizia Colasante, Emanuela Merla, Luisa Giaccone, Alessandro Busca, Maurizio Musso, Renato Scalone, Nicola Di Renzo, Serena Marotta, Patrizio Mazza, Pellegrino Musto, Immacolata Attolico, Carmine Selleri, Filippo Antonio Canale, Marta Pugliese, Giovanni Tripepi, Gaetana Porto, Giovanni Martinelli, Angelo Michele Carella, Claudio Cerchione
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of letermovir for CMV prophylaxis in a real-world setting, showing significant reduction in clinically important CMV infections and diseases.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jing-Rui Zhou, Da-Yu Shi, Rong Wei, Yu Wang, Chen-Hua Yan, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Lan-Ping Xu, Kai-Yan Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang, Yu-Qian Sun
Summary: Reactivation of both cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus is common after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and is associated with poor outcomes, including lower overall survival and leukemia-free survival rates. Co-reactivation of these viruses is also linked to prolonged viral duration and poor CD4+CD25+ T cell reconstitution post-transplantation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Juliane K. Lohmeyer, Toshihito Hirai, Mustafa Turkoz, Stephane Buhler, Teresa Lopes Ramos, Natalie Koehler, Jeanette Baker, Astrid Melotti, Ingrid Wagner, Amandine Pradier, Sisi Wang, Xuhuai Ji, Simone Becattini, Jean Villard, Doron Merkler, Yves Chalandon, Robert S. Negrin, Federico Simonetta
Summary: CD4(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been shown to be effective in preventing and treating graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). This study provides insight into the mechanisms by which Tregs suppress acute GVHD, demonstrating that they primarily affect the transcription of CD4 T cells and modulate the expression of genes involved in inflammation and metabolism. These findings support the clinical translation of Tregs as an immunoregulatory approach for GVHD.
