Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Seung-Su Ha, Dong-Kyu Kim
Summary: The study proposes an ultra-short-term analysis method to assess the balance of autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The results show that this method is more effective in revealing the association between sympathetic overactivity and OSA severity, and it exhibits higher consistency compared to the traditional short-term analysis method.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bing Huang, Huafen Liu, Benjamin J. Scherlag, Lihua Sun, Shifeng Xing, Jie Xu, Mei Luo, Yankai Guo, Guiqiu Cao, Hong Jiang
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnea is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation and may reduce the effectiveness of traditional treatments. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy may have low compliance in OSA patients. Autonomic activation has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of AF in OSA, suggesting potential for autonomic modulation as a therapeutic target.
TRENDS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
R. Nisha Aurora, Naresh M. Punjabi
Summary: The study found that in adults with type 2 diabetes, the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with postprandial hyperglycemia after dinner, but not after breakfast or lunch. This association was present in men but not in women.
Article
Physiology
Yahya Alzaabi, Ahsan H. Khandoker
Summary: This study investigates the difference in lambda RSA-RESP in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with and without major depressive disorder (MDD). The results show a significant increase in lambda RSA-RESP in OSA patients with MDD during both NREM and REM sleep stages. The increase in lambda RSA-RESP is accompanied by a decrease in the LF component of heart rate variability (HRV).
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Rosario Statello, Stefano Rossi, Francesco Pisani, Matteo Bonzini, Roberta Andreoli, Agnese Martini, Monica Puligheddu, Pierluigi Cocco, Michele Miragoli
Summary: This study found altered cardiac autonomic regulation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) during nighttime and suggested that nighttime HRV could potentially be used as a predictor of sleep breathing disorders. These findings have important clinical implications for the diagnosis and prognosis of OSA.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Amrita Pal, Jennifer A. Ogren, Andrea P. Aguila, Ravi Aysola, Rajesh Kumar, Luke A. Henderson, Ronald M. Harper, Paul M. Macey
Summary: The study found that during the sympathetic phase of the Valsalva maneuver, OSA patients and healthy controls exhibit similar right and anterior insular fMRI dominance, with differences observed between males and females, possibly reflecting sex-specific neural injury.
Review
Cell Biology
James Saleeb-Mousa, Demitris Nathanael, Andrew M. Coney, Manish Kalla, Keith L. Brain, Andrew P. Holmes
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with a higher risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), affecting its induction, maintenance, severity, and treatment. The current prevention method, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), has limited effectiveness due to poor compliance. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of arrhythmia in OSA can lead to the development of better therapies and treatment selection to complement CPAP. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) in OSA leads to long-term changes in ion channel currents, inflammation, and fibrosis, contributing to atrial remodeling and dysregulation of electrical function. Atrial stretch during apneas further promotes structural remodeling and affects calcium handling. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanistic insights and their roles in arrhythmia.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xiaolong Zhao, Huajun Xu, Chuan Dong, Jiangang Fan, Gang He, Jianyin Zou, Lili Meng, Huaming Zhu, Kaiming Su, Mingpo Yang, Hongliang Yi, Jian Wang, Shankai Yin, Jian Guan
Summary: The study found that glycolipid metabolic disorders are nonlinearly related to CAD risk in OSA patients, with CAD risk increasing as OSA severity increases. The research also revealed how glycolipid metabolic disorders promote the development of CAD and further deteriorate cardiac function.
NATURE AND SCIENCE OF SLEEP
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Eleonora Sica, Francesca De Bernardi, Luana Nosetti, Stefano Martini, Marco Cosentino, Paolo Castelnuovo, Franca Marino
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in children and can activate the sympathetic nervous system and increase catecholamines (CAs) production. Some studies suggest that patients with sleep-related breathing disorders or OSA have increased secretion of certain catecholamines.
Review
Physiology
Sona Gresova, Martina Gaborova, Judita Stimmelova, Igor Peregrim, Pavol Svorc, Viliam Donic, Maria Pallayova
Summary: In patients with obstructive sleep apnea, obstructive events can lead to changes in the autonomic nervous system, including increased sympathetic tone and decreased parasympathetic dominance. These results indicate autonomic dysfunction in these patients and the need for appropriate treatment.
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hua Qin, Brendan T. Keenan, Diego R. Mazzotti, Fernando Vaquerizo-Villar, Jan F. Kraemer, Niels Wessel, Sergio Tufik, Lia Bittencourt, Peter A. Cistulli, Philip de Chazal, Kate Sutherland, Bhajan Singh, Allan Pack, Ning-Hung Chen, Ingo Fietze, Thorarinn Gislason, Steven Holfinger, Ulysses J. Magalang, Thomas Penzel
Summary: This study found an association between heart rate variability (HRV) during wakefulness and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in a large clinical sample. Patients with severe OSA exhibited significantly reduced and less complex HRV in time-domain and nonlinear measures. Frequency-domain measures showed a shift to sympathetic dominance only in obese OSA patients, indicating additional information about cardiovascular physiology in OSA patients during wakefulness.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Michiaki Nagai, Keigo Dote, Sungha Park, Yuda Turana, Peera Buranakitjaroen, Hao-Min Cheng, Arieska Ann Soenarta, Yan Li, Kazuomi Kario, HOPE Asia Network
Summary: This review examines the association between obstructive sleep apnea and non-dipper hypertension, as well as their involvement in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Wei-Hsiu Chang, Hsien-Chang Wu, Chou-Chin Lan, Yao-Kuang Wu, Mei-Chen Yang
Summary: This study evaluated the natural course of positional mild OSA and found that disease severity, blood pressure, and autonomic nervous system regulation worsened over time. Increased weight was identified as the best predictor for disease progression and the loss of positional dependency. Better treatments focusing on weight control and consistent follow-up are needed for patients with positional mild OSA.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Kazuomi Kario, Douglas A. Hettrick, Aleksander Prejbisz, Andrzej Januszewicz
Summary: There is a bidirectional, causal relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and hypertension, with hypoxia/hypercapnia-related sympathetic activation being the key mechanism. While continuous positive airway pressure is the gold standard therapy for OSA, its effects on blood pressure are modest. Antihypertensive agents targeting sympathetic pathways or the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may have potential in patients with comorbid hypertension and OSA.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Hasthi U. Dissanayake, Yu Sun Bin, Kate Sutherland, Seren Ucak, Philip de Chazal, Peter A. Cistulli
Summary: Treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can improve autonomic function, particularly by reducing sympathetic activity. This may help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with OSA.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stephen A. Goutman, Kai Guo, Masha G. Savelieff, Adam Patterson, Stacey A. Sakowski, Hani Habra, Alla Karnovsky, Junguk Hur, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: By performing untargeted metabolomics in two independent ALS cohorts, this study identifies recurring pathways that are altered in both cohorts. Many of the pathways are involved in lipid metabolism, including beta-oxidation intermediates and complex and signalling lipids, such as sphingolipids and diacylglycerols.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kai Guo, Masha G. Savelieff, Amy E. Rumora, Fadhl M. Alakwaa, Brian C. Callaghan, Junguk Hur, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: This study aimed to identify the plasma metabolomics and lipidomics signature that underlies PN in individuals with average class 3 obesity. The analysis showed significant differences in metabolites and lipids between lean and obese individuals, regardless of PN status. Stratification by PN status within obese individuals revealed differences in specific metabolic and lipid pathways.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stephen A. Goutman, Jonathan Boss, Christopher Godwin, Bhramar Mukherjee, Eva L. Feldman, Stuart A. Batterman
Summary: Occupational exposure to particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, metals, pesticides, and combustion and diesel exhaust, as well as employment in production occupations, are associated with an increased risk of ALS.
INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junguk Hur, Ximena Paez-Colasante, Claudia Figueroa-Romero, Ting-wen Lo, Sami J. Barmada, Michelle T. Paulsen, Mats Ljungman, Fadhl M. Alakwaa, Masha G. Savelieff, Stephen A. Goutman, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: This study analyzes the miRNA profiles in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and identifies different miRNA levels in different ALS mutation types. The study also reveals pathways related to ALS and suggests potential targets for future research. These findings contribute to the early diagnosis of ALS.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stephen A. Goutman, Jonathan Boss, Gayatri Iyer, Hani Habra, Masha G. Savelieff, Alla Karnovsky, Bhramar Mukherjee, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: This study found that ALS participants experienced weight loss in the 5 years before enrollment, and long-term decrease in BMI was associated with lower survival rates. Metabolomic profiles were also found to be associated with BMI trajectories. Replicating these findings in other cohorts is necessary.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Melissa A. Elafros, Brian C. Callaghan, Lesli E. Skolarus, Loretta Vileikyte, John G. Lawrenson, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: Knowledge about microvascular complications of diabetes varies among patients and healthcare providers, with factors such as education level, disease duration, and socioeconomic status influencing patient knowledge. Misconceptions regarding appropriate screening practices for complications are common among healthcare providers. Further research is needed to identify interventions that can improve knowledge and outcomes for both patients and providers.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stephen A. Goutman, Jonathan Boss, Christopher Godwin, Bhramar Mukherjee, Eva L. Feldman, Stuart A. Batterman
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the associations between occupational settings, self-reported occupational exposures, and survival and onset segment of ALS. The findings suggest that work in production occupations, military occupations, and self-reported occupational pesticide exposure are associated with poorer survival. Furthermore, specific occupational settings and exposures are associated with different onset segments of ALS.
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS AND FRONTOTEMPORAL DEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephanie A. Eid, Mohamed Noureldein, Bhumsoo Kim, Lucy M. Hinder, Faye E. Mendelson, John M. Hayes, Junguk Hur, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: This study characterized the transcriptional profiles and intercellular communication of Schwann cells (SCs) in a mouse model of prediabetes and neuropathy. The results revealed that SCs can adapt to metabolic stress and inflammation by altering their intercellular communication, which influences the progression of nerve pathophysiology. This study provides important insights into the function and communication mechanisms of SCs in nerve pathology.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Stephanie A. Eid, Amy E. Rumora, Bogdan Beirowski, David L. Bennett, Junguk Hur, Masha G. Savelieff, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing due to the aging population, with type 2 diabetes being the most common type. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a complication that damages peripheral nerves and is influenced by metabolic and bioenergetic dysfunction. Recent evidence suggests that obesity and dyslipidemia also contribute to this condition.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ayse J. Muniz, Tugba Topal, Michael D. Brooks, Angela Sze, Do Hoon Kim, Jacob Jordahl, Joe Nguyen, Paul H. Krebsbach, Masha G. Savelieff, Eva L. Feldman, Joerg Lahann
Summary: In this study, scientists developed an engineered extracellular matrix (EECM) to provide support and cell-to-matrix interactions for developing brain organoids. Compared to conventional protein matrix, EECMs enhanced neurogenesis, glial maturation, and neuronal diversity. The EECMs also supported long-term culture and produced brain organoids with increased protein diversity.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rosemary E. Henn, Kai Guo, Sarah E. Elzinga, Mohamed H. Noureldein, Faye E. Mendelson, John M. Hayes, Diana M. Rigan, Masha G. Savelieff, Junguk Hur, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: Obesity is a global concern associated with cognitive impairment. It induces brain inflammation and activates microglia, leading to synaptic spine phagocytosis and cognitive impairment. The mechanisms of microglial activation during obesity are not fully understood.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stephen A. Goutman, Jonathan Boss, Dae-Gyu Jang, Bhramar Mukherjee, Rudy J. Richardson, Stuart Batterman, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: This study aimed to replicate previous findings regarding the association between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk and survival. The analysis of samples from 164 ALS patients and 105 control participants showed that several POPs were significantly associated with ALS risk, and the combined mixture of all POPs was associated with ALS survival.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Stephen A. Goutman, Masha G. Savelieff, Dae-Gyu Jang, Junguk Hur, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease of motor neuron degeneration, with both genetic and environmental factors contributing to the risk and rate of disease progression. Epidemiological studies suggest potential contributions to the ALS exposome from pesticides, occupational exposures, sports and physical activity, metals, air pollution, trauma, electromagnetic fields, the gut microbiome, diet and lifestyle factors. The mechanisms underlying the effects of environmental factors on ALS risk remain incompletely understood but might involve neurotoxicity from specific environmental toxins, microbiome-mediated changes, epigenetic restructuring, systemic and central inflammation, and excitotoxicity. Most studies of the ALS exposome have a retrospective design using questionnaires and are, therefore, prone to recall bias and other limitations. Future studies will require prospective, longitudinal designs that include quantification of exposures in biosamples in addition to questionnaires.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
In-Young Choi, Wen-Tung Wang, Bhumsoo Kim, Junguk Hur, David C. Robbins, Dae-Gyu Jang, Masha G. Savelieff, Eva L. Feldman, Phil Lee
Summary: This study characterized the metabolic changes in the brain of patients with T2D using in vivo H-1 magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Elevated levels of several metabolites were observed in both T2D patients and T2D mice, indicating the impact of poorly controlled hyperglycemia on brain metabolism. The study demonstrates the utility of H-1 magnetic resonance spectroscopy in monitoring and understanding the metabolic changes in T2D progression.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Melissa A. Elafros, Henning Andersen, David L. Bennett, Masha G. Savelieff, Vijay Viswanathan, Brian C. Callaghan, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes, and early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving patients' quality of life. Hyperglycemia and metabolic syndrome are major risk factors for the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.