Article
Respiratory System
Ailu Chen, Maria P. Diaz-Soto, Miguel F. Sanmamed, Taylor Adams, Jonas C. Schupp, Amolika Gupta, Clemente Britto, Maor Sauler, Xiting Yan, Qing Liu, Gustavo Nino, Charles S. Dela Cruz, Geoffrey L. Chupp, Jose L. Gomez
Summary: Single-cell profiling of PBMCs in patients with severe asthma revealed CD4+T cells as the main cell type with a pro-inflammatory profile. Poly I:C stimulation led to a strong interferon response in PBMCs from severe asthma patients.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Juan F. Hernandez-Franco, Shaojun Xie, Jyothi Thimmapuram, Darryl Ragland, Harm HogenEsch
Summary: Recent studies have demonstrated that corn-derived cationic alpha-D-glucan nanoparticles, called Nano-11, can significantly enhance the immune response as a vaccine adjuvant in mice and pigs. These nanoparticles can also be combined with other immunostimulators like poly(I:C) to further boost the immune response. The aim of the current experiments was to investigate the mechanism of action of Nano-11 alone and in combination with poly(I:C). The results showed that Nano-11 and Nano-11/poly(I:C) induced differential gene expression in porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) and increased the expression of maturation markers. The p38 MAPK signaling pathway was found to play a crucial role in the activation of Mo-DCs by these adjuvants.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chau Thuy Tien Le, So Yeon Ahn, Sang-Moo Kang, Eun-Ju Ko
Summary: The combination adjuvant of MPL and poly I:C was found to promote recruitment, differentiation, and activation of NK cells, as well as reciprocal activation with DCs, suggesting a promising vaccine candidate for enhancing cellular immune responses.
Article
Oncology
Gerulf Haenel, Caroline Angerer, Katja Petry, Felix S. Lichtenegger, Marion Subklewe
Summary: This study aimed to identify an optimal in vitro activation protocol for Blood DCs (BDCs), finding that activation with TLR3 and TLR7/8 ligands can generate highly immunostimulatory DCs with enhanced migration, NK-cell activation, and antigen-specific T-cell induction abilities.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anita Tewari, Miglena G. G. Prabagar, Sophie L. L. Gibbings, Kavita Rawat, Claudia V. V. Jakubzick
Summary: Research has shown that monocytes in the lymph nodes play a critical role in regulating immune response, indirectly dampening antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell response induced by Poly I:C, exerting a braking function mediated by IL-10 production and induction of suppressor CD4(+) T cells. A triple-combination treatment consisting of anti-IL-10, tumor peptides, and Poly I:C in a metastatic melanoma model has been successful in reducing tumor growth compared to treatments with tumor peptides and Poly I:C alone.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Dong-Ha Lee, Eun-Bee Lee, Jong-Pil Seo, Eun-Ju Ko
Summary: The combined effects of TLR4 agonist MPL and TLR3 agonist Poly I:C were evaluated in equine cells. The combination significantly upregulated immunomodulatory responses without cytotoxicity. Higher mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines was observed with the combination compared to single agonist stimulation in different cell types. The combination of MPL and Poly I:C can be a potential adjuvant candidate for vaccines to prevent infectious diseases in horses.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Xun Gao, Paul Kay Sheung Chan, Grace Chung Yan Lui, David Shu Cheong Hui, Ida Miu-Ting Chu, Xiaoyu Sun, Miranda Sin-Man Tsang, Ben Chung Lap Chan, Christopher Wai-Kei Lam, Chun-Kwok Wong
Summary: Our study demonstrates that IL-38 plays a crucial role in inhibiting exaggerated pulmonary inflammation during viral pneumonia, offering a novel therapeutic target for respiratory viral infections. Additionally, IL-38 can alleviate inflammatory responses by targeting genes associated with the host innate immune response to virus and counteracting the effects of IL-36 alpha in lung microenvironment.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hitomi Sano, Anton Kratz, Taiko Nishino, Haruna Imamura, Yuki Yoshida, Noriaki Shimizu, Hiroaki Kitano, Ayako Yachie
Summary: Based on transcriptome analysis, this study demonstrates that NMN can alleviate the poly(I:C)-induced inflammatory response in human primary cells, HPMECs and HCAECs, by downregulating major inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, network analysis reveals potential common and distinct genes that regulate the identified inflammation modules. These findings suggest a robust regulatory mechanism by which NMN can alleviate inflammatory pathway activation, potentially contributing to the development of new treatments for chronic or acute inflammation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Haimei Zhou, Huamei He, Ruijing Liang, Hong Pan, Ze Chen, Guanjun Deng, Shengping Zhang, Yifan Ma, Lanlan Liu, Lintao Cai
Summary: The study utilized slow-release Poly I: C-encapsulated nanoparticles and biomimetic system MPLP to effectively inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by activating bone marrow-derived macrophages' tumor-specific immune response.
Article
Immunology
Akira Nakazono, Yuji Nakamaru, Mahnaz Ramezanpour, Takeshi Kondo, Masashi Watanabe, Shigetsugu Hatakeyama, Shogo Kimura, Aya Honma, P. J. Wormald, Sarah Vreugde, Masanobu Suzuki, Akihiro Homma
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 cell entry in the nasal mucosa is promoted by the activation of innate immune signals via TLR3, but this expression is suppressed in the presence of the corticosteroid fluticasone propionate (FP). Further studies are needed to determine whether FP can suppress SARS-CoV-2 viral cell entry.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luciana Souza-Moreira, Yuan Tan, Yan Wang, Jia-Pey Wang, Mahmoud Salkhordeh, Jennifer Virgo, Maria Florian, Aidan B. P. Murray, Irene Watpool, Lauralyn McIntyre, Shane English, Duncan J. Stewart, Shirley H. J. Mei
Summary: This study found that viral mimic-priming enhances the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to regulate immune responses in COVID-19, reducing inflammation and enhancing antiviral functions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yingbo He, Natalie Taylor, Xiang Yao, Anindya Bhattacharya
Summary: This study demonstrates distinct activation patterns in microglia induced by LPS and poly(I:C), affecting morphology, proliferation, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis differently. Genome-wide analysis supports these functional differences, potentially associated with NF-kappa b and type I interferon pathways. LPS- and poly(I:C)-activated microglia also mediate neurotoxicity in a co-culture system, highlighting potential therapeutic targets.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Martin Hufbauer, Stephanie Rattay, Christian Hagen, Alexander Quaas, Herbert Pfister, Gunther Hartmann, Christoph Coch, Baki Akguel
Summary: Actinic keratoses and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in immunosuppressed patients are associated with infections of betaHPV. Activation of innate antiviral immunity in asymptomatic betaHPV-infected skin can induce an antitumor response and prevent betaHPV-associated skin cancer. Treatment with the antiviral immune response activating polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]) effectively prevents cutaneous tumor growth.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Francois Xavier Rwandamuriye, Cameron W. Evans, Ben Wylie, Marck Norret, Breana Vitali, Diwei Ho, Dat Nguyen, Ellise A. Roper, Tao Wang, Matt S. Hepburn, Rowan W. Sanderson, Maren Pfirrmann, Vanessa S. Fear, Catherine A. Forbes, Ken Wyatt, Anne L. Ryan, Terrance G. Johns, Marianne B. Phillips, Rupert Hodder, Connull Leslie, Brendan F. Kennedy, Rachael M. Zemek, Killugudi Swaminathan Iyer, Willem Joost Lesterhuis
Summary: Recurrences often occur after surgical removal of primary tumors and adjuvant therapies have limited efficacy. This study developed a surgically optimized biodegradable hydrogel for sustained release of poly(I:C) during surgery, which significantly reduced tumor recurrence in multiple mouse models. Mechanistically, poly(I:C) reshaped the tumor/wound microenvironment by inducing a temporary interferon alpha (IFNa) response, attracting inflammatory monocytes and depleting regulatory T cells. The study also demonstrated that a pre-existing IFN signature predicted the response to the poly(I:C) hydrogel, making tumors more sensitive to immune checkpoint therapy. Veterinary trial in dogs confirmed the safety, immunogenicity, and surgical feasibility of the optimized hydrogel. This surgically optimized poly(I:C)-loaded hydrogel provides a safe and effective approach to prevent cancer recurrence.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cesar G. Pelcastre-Rodriguez, Ernesto A. Vazquez-Sanchez, Jose M. Murrieta-Coxca, Sandra Rodriguez-Martinez, Juan C. Cancino-Diaz, Mario E. Cancino-Diaz
Summary: The study found that IL-36 is involved in the activation of mesangial cells and the production of inflammation, with specific members potentially playing a key role in the inflammation associated with infections in the glomerular environment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jung Hwan Ji, Soong June Bae, Seul-Gi Kim, Min Hwan Kim, Gun-Min Kim, Joohyuk Sohn, Joon Jeong, Jee Hung Kim, Sung Gwe Ahn
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different doses of carboplatin on pathologic complete response rate, grade 3/4 anaemia occurrence, and transfusion rate in patients treated with neoadjuvant TCHP. The results showed that carboplatin at AUC5 has comparable cytotoxic effects to carboplatin at AUC6 and is associated with fewer complications related to anaemia in HER2+ breast cancer patients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yeon Seung Chung, Youngsic Jeon, Jeong Eun Yoo, Taek Chung, Hyang Joo Ryu, Hyunki Kim, Hyungjin Rhee, Young Nyun Park
Summary: In this study, a method was developed to differentiate intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (iCCAs) from adenocarcinomas originating from extrahepatic organs adjacent to the liver. The combination of albumin mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for filamin-A and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) showed better diagnostic performance than albumin ISH alone. The newly developed iCCA-score consisting of these three markers can accurately differentiate iCCA from extrahepatic adenocarcinomas.
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jung Yong Hong, Hee Jin Cho, Kum-Hee Yun, Young Han Lee, Seung Hyun Kim, Wooyeol Baek, Sang Kyum Kim, Yurimi Lee, Yoon-La Choi, Minsuk Kwon, Hyo Song Kim, Jeeyun Lee
Summary: This study investigated the molecular determinants of pazopanib response in refractory soft tissue sarcoma patients. It identified CDK4 amplification as a predictor of poor response and shorter progression-free survival. Additionally, the combination of pazopanib and durvalumab showed efficacy in patients with high immune/stromal cell infiltration and increased CD19 expression.
CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yong Chan Kim, Heun Choi, Young Ah Kim, Yoon Soo Park, Young Hee Seo, Hyukmin Lee, Kyungwon Lee
Summary: Understanding the risk factors and microbiological features in recurrent E. coli BSI can aid clinicians in their management planning. Data from 2017 to 2018 were collected to assess antimicrobial resistance rates and molecular epidemiology. Risk factors for recurrence included vascular catheterization, ESBL phenotype, and high SOFA score. The highest proportion of ST131 and ESBL genotype was observed in early onset recurrent BSI. Whole genome sequencing revealed the presence of various virulence factors, resistant genes, and plasmid types in all types of BSI. This knowledge is important for clinicians in managing recurrent E. coli BSI.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dong-Chan Eun, Yong-Ho Lee, Jin-Oh Park, Kyung-Soo Suk, Hak-Sun Kim, Seong-Hwan Moon, Si-Young Park, Byung-Ho Lee, Sang-Jun Park, Ji-Won Kwon, Sub-Ri Park
Summary: In this retrospective study, the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients with multilevel lumbar stenosis who underwent BESS and microscopic ULBD were compared. The results showed that the BESS group had better clinical outcomes, with significant improvements in back and leg pain scores and medication use. Radiological outcomes were also superior in the BESS group. The short-term follow-up period demonstrated the efficacy of multilevel decompression with the BESS technique.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medical Laboratory Technology
Sollip Kim
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Eun-Jung Cho, Tae-Dong Jeong, Sollip Kim, Hyung-Doo Park, Yeo-Min Yun, Sail Chun, Won-Ki Min
Summary: In order to ensure valid results in medical big data research, it is important to have high-quality laboratory input. This study aimed to establish a strategy for evaluating the quality of laboratory results suitable for big data research using KEQAS data. The acceptance rate and bias of different test items were analyzed, showing significant differences based on the quality grade for each criterion.
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Jeonghyun Chang, Jinsook Lim, Jae-Woo Chung, Yong-Hak Sohn, Min Joong Jang, Sollip Kim
Summary: Pre-analytical quality management is inadequate in many primary care clinics in Korea, leading to potential impacts on laboratory test results. Implementation of a mandatory management system is necessary to ensure proper pre-analytical quality management in primary care clinics.
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yae Jee Baek, Youn-Jung Lee, So Ra Park, Kyoo Hyun Kim, Seung-Hoon Beom, Choong-kun Lee, Sang Joon Shin, Sun Young Rha, Sinyoung Kim, Kyoung Hwa Lee, Jung Ho Kim, Su Jin Jeong, Nam Su Ku, Jun Yong Choi, Joon-Sup Yeom, Minkyu Jung, Jin Young Ahn
Summary: This study aimed to assess the humoral response to COVID-19 vaccination in solid cancer patients and analyze factors associated with immunogenicity. The results showed that cancer patients had lower antibody levels after the first vaccination compared to healthcare workers, but after the third vaccination, their antibody levels were comparable. However, the neutralizing antibody response to the Omicron variant was not robust in cancer patients who received the adenovirus vector-based vaccine as the primary series, suggesting the need for additional interventions to protect them from COVID-19.
CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Han Sang Kim, Chang Gon Kim, Won Kyu Kim, Kyung-A Kim, Jinseon Yoo, Byung Soh Min, Soonmyung Paik, Sang Joon Shin, Hyukmin Lee, Kyungwon Lee, Hoguen Kim, Eui-Cheol Shin, Tae-Min Kim, Joong Bae Ahn
Summary: This study found that Fusobacterium nucleatum (FN) in colorectal cancer tissues is associated with immune regulation in the tumor microenvironment, and its infection is correlated with poor prognosis and altered distribution of immune cells.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Si-Eun Oh, Jie-Hyun Kim, Hee-Jong Shin, Seong-Ah Kim, Chan-Kee Park, Hae-Young Lopilly Park
Summary: We investigate the changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the sclera after systemic hypotension induced by oral hydrochlorothiazide. Angiotensin II (AngII) receptor levels and ECM components were evaluated, along with the effect of losartan inhibition and its impact on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The results show that AngII plays a role in scleral fibrosis after systemic hypotension, and inhibiting AngII could modulate the tissue properties of the sclera, providing protection for RGCs.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sang Jo Han, Su Jung Baik, Young Hoon Yoon, Jie Hyun Kim, Hye Sun Lee, Soyoung Jeon, Hyojin Park
Summary: This study aimed to compare the risk of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver diseases between gastric cancer survivors and non-cancer subjects. The results showed that gastric cancer survivors who underwent surgical treatment had lower risks of metabolic syndrome, fatty liver by ultrasonography, and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) than non-cancer subjects. However, there were no significant differences in the risks between non-surgical gastric cancer survivors and non-cancer subjects.
KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yuna Kim, Yoo Jin Bae, Jie-Hyun Kim, Hyunki Kim, Su-Jin Shin, Da Hyun Jung, Hyojin Park
Summary: Trastuzumab-resistant gastric cancer cells exhibit an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenotype, and trastuzumab resistance is promoted by the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is a key signaling pathway for trastuzumab resistance in gastric cancer cells.
Article
Fisheries
Yun Hui Kim, Bo Yeon Kim, Yong Soo Choi, Kwang Sik Lee, Byung Rae Jin
Summary: Feeding honeybees with a heat-killed pathogen cocktail can induce transgenerational immune responses, as shown by the upregulation of vitellogenin and defensin-1 in nurse bees. The Toll signaling pathway and the expression of defensin-1 were also upregulated upon ingestion of the pathogen cocktail. Furthermore, the introduction of the cocktail resulted in increased resistance to pathogen infection in worker larvae.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Junhyup Song, Sinyoung Kim, Eunmin Kwak, Younhee Park
Summary: In this study, the measurement procedure of CMV load in breast milk using the Cobas CMV test on the Cobas 6,800 system was evaluated. The study found CMV positivity rates in breast milk and neonatal samples to be 57.8% and 5.2% respectively, with a CMV transmission rate of 7.7%. The simplified sample preparation method showed equivalent or improved CMV detection sensitivity compared to the conventional method. This approach provides a convenient and reliable method for monitoring breast milk CMV positivity, contributing to the reduction of vertical CMV transmission.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
