Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. K. Ridley, E. W. Blockley, M. A. Ringer
Summary: The study investigates the impact of declining sea ice on Arctic water vapor using a climate model. It shows that the changes in water vapor are influenced by both local evaporation and transport from mid-latitudes. The study also reveals distinct patterns in water vapor change, with sea ice loss affecting evaporation except in summer when transports dominate.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yijia Zhang, Zhicong Yin, Botao Zhou, Huijun Wang
Summary: This study found a close relationship between the warm Arctic-cold Eurasia (WACE) pattern in January and the weakened February haze pollution in North China. The warming signal in sea ice and the cooling signal in Eurasian soil temperatures contributed to the persistence of the WACE pattern from January to February. The combined signal of sea ice and soil temperature anomalies created an environment conducive to the dispersion of pollutants. The relationship between the WACE pattern and the cyclonic circulation anomaly could also be observed in the large-ensemble CMIP6 simulations. Furthermore, the relationship between the January WACE pattern and the reduction of February haze pollution has been prominently enhanced since the late 1990s, which corresponds to the deep Arctic warming that has emerged during that time.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Deepashree Dutta, Steven C. Sherwood, Katrin J. Meissner, Alex Sen Gupta, Daniel J. Lunt, Gregory J. L. Tourte, Robert Colman, Sugata Narsey, David Fuchs, Josephine R. Brown
Summary: When simulating past warm climates, GCMs often underestimate the warming in the Arctic, with a wide spread in the magnitude of Arctic warming between models. The disagreement may be explained by factors such as unrealistic polar cloud representation and underestimated poleward heat transport. The study focuses on intercomparing Arctic cloud and atmospheric heat transport responses to strong surface ocean warming in four GCMs, revealing differences in cloud responses and weaker AHT in warming experiments.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lars Aue, Annette Rinke
Summary: We explore changes in sea ice concentration associated with synoptic cyclones in the Greenland, Barents and Kara Seas for each month of the year from 1979 to 2018. The findings reveal that these changes are significant throughout the year, but their strength and sign differ depending on the region, month, and time scale. The research also demonstrates significant alterations in cyclone impacts on sea ice over the past four decades, with the most pronounced changes occurring in October and November.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Marco Y-T Leung, Dongxiao Wang, Wen Zhou, Paxson K. Y. Cheung, Yuntao Jian, Fuan Xiao
Summary: This study investigates the bidecadal variation and trends of the winter East Asian trough intensity, and finds the important influences of the Arctic Oscillation and warm anomalies in the west Pacific.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jessica S. Kenigson, M. -L. Timmermans
Summary: The Beaufort high and its accompanying anticyclonic winds play a crucial role in driving the Beaufort Gyre in the Arctic Ocean, affecting freshwater accumulation and release. The study suggests a correlation between Nordic seas cyclones and the intensity of the Beaufort high, with increased cyclone activity potentially linked to a weaker Beaufort high in a warming Arctic. The findings also highlight a regime shift towards increased cyclone activity and weakening Beaufort high over the past decades, which can have implications for Arctic dynamics and freshwater resources.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
R. Przybylak, P. Wyszynski, A. Arazny
Summary: The main driving mechanisms behind the early-twentieth-century Arctic warming have not been fully recognized due to limited knowledge about the climate during that period. This study provides new insights into the surface air temperature conditions in the Arctic during the early-twentieth-century warming, compared to the contemporary Arctic warming. The results show that the magnitude of warming was greatest in the Pacific and Canadian Arctic regions, and the climate was more continental and less stable during the early-twentieth-century warming.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Amelie Simon, Guillaume Gastineau, Claude Frankignoul, Clement Rousset, Francis Codron
Summary: The study investigates the impact of Arctic sea ice loss on the ocean and atmosphere, focusing on two main methods of ice-constraining: reduction of sea ice albedo and reduction of thermal conductivity. The results show that Arctic sea ice loss leads to Arctic warming, enhanced oceanic circulation, and increased North Atlantic water inflow.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fan Wu, Lilu Liu, Shuo Wang, Jieru Xu, Pushun Lu, Wenlin Yan, Jian Peng, Dengxu Wu, Hong Li
Summary: This paper provides an overview of solid state ionics, including its history, scientific problems, theoretical and experimental methods, and promising research directions. The practical applications of solid state ionics principles and knowledge are also summarized.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maja Ponikvar-Svet, Diana N. Zeiger, Joel F. Liebman
Summary: Alkaloid chemistry is diverse and intricate, attracting significant interest due to their physiological activities. Surprisingly, little is known about the thermochemistry of these compounds, particularly in the gas phase. This study delves into the thermochemical characteristics of a series of biologically relevant alkaloids in their condensed phase, focusing on demethoxylation enthalpies.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Peter M. Finocchio, James D. Doyle, Daniel P. Stern
Summary: Changes to the Arctic environment have made Arctic cyclones during the summer months more destructive to sea ice. August cyclones accelerate ice loss, while June cyclones slow down ice loss. The sunny conditions in June and stormy conditions in August could lead to the first ice-free summer in the Arctic.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Camille Hankel, Eli Tziperman
Summary: Research suggests that the abrupt winter sea ice loss in the Arctic under high-emission scenarios may be linked to a local positive feedback cycle, where warm open oceans at the start of winter lead to delayed and diminished ice growth, increased shortwave absorption during spring, and further ice reduction in subsequent seasons. The strength of this feedback mechanism correlates with the abruptness of sea ice loss across different climate models, indicating a potential for hysteresis and irreversibility in sea ice loss.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patricia DeRepentigny, Alexandra Jahn, Marika M. Holland, Jennifer E. Kay, John Fasullo, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Simone Tilmes, Cecile Hannay, Michael J. Mills, David A. Bailey, Andrew P. Barrett
Summary: This study finds that decadal variability in Arctic sea ice is strongly influenced by boreal biomass burning (BB) emissions, and the acceleration of sea ice decline can be attributed to increased variability in BB emissions through summertime aerosol-cloud interactions. Furthermore, it is discovered that more than half of the improvement in sea ice sensitivity to CO2 emissions and global warming from CMIP5 to CMIP6 can be attributed to increased variability in BB emissions, at least in the CESM model.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Luis Alvarez-Gaume, Domenico Orlando, Susanne Reffert
Summary: This review explores quantum field theories and conformal field theories with global symmetries in the large charge limit, revealing that at low energies, the sectors with large charge can be described using a hybrid form of Goldstone's theorem. The associated effective field theory in the infrared enables computation of anomalous dimensions and operator product expansion coefficients, offering a well-defined expansion in inverse powers of the global charge.
PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jessica Voveris, Mark Serreze
Summary: This study investigates the meteorology of two different Arctic rain-on-snow (ROS) events by utilizing atmospheric reanalysis, automated surface observation station data, and atmospheric soundings. The results show that atmospheric blocking and atmospheric rivers play significant roles in the initiation of ROS events. Cyclone-induced low-level jets and warm noses of higher air temperatures and moisture transport are also key features in ROS generation. This research provides a visualization of how the strength and manifestation of these meteorological drivers contribute to the severity of Arctic ROS events.
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Maryam Moradi, Hayley Hung, James Li, Richard Park, Cecilia Shin, Nick Alexandrou, Mohammed Asif Iqbal, Manpreet Takhar, Arthur Chan, Jeffrey R. Brook
Summary: This study characterized 22 alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (alk-PAHs) in ambient air for the first time in urban and semi-urban locations in Toronto, Canada. The results showed that the toxic impact of alkylated and gaseous PAHs on air toxicity is significant and should not be neglected.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
John Chetelat, Melissa A. McKinney, Marc Amyot, Ashu Dastoor, Thomas A. Douglas, Lars-Eric Heimburger-Boavida, Jane Kirk, Kimmo K. Kahilainen, Peter M. Outridge, Nicolas Pelletier, Henrik Skov, Kyra St Pierre, Jussi Vuorenmaa, Feiyue Wang
Summary: This review summarizes the latest scientific research on how climate change affects the transport and biogeochemical cycling of mercury in Arctic terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems. The review emphasizes the profound shifts in climate and cryosphere in the Arctic and their connections to mercury cycling.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John Liggio, Shao-Meng Li, Ralf M. Staebler, Katherine Hayden, Andrea Darlington, Richard L. Mittermeier, Jason O'Brien, Robert McLaren, Mengistu Wolde, Doug Worthy, Felix Vogel
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuening Li, Faqiang Zhan, Ying Duan Lei, Chubashini Shunthirasingham, Hayley Hung, Frank Wania
Summary: The use of passive air samplers (PAS) for semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) has been expanding. A year-long calibration study confirmed that the linear uptake period of a passive air sampler using XAD-resin sorbent is longer than estimated with a simulation model and much longer than those of samplers using polyurethane or polyethylene as sorbents. The sampling rates (SRs) for 26 SVOCs were determined, ranging from 0.1 to 0.6 m(3) day(-1) for SVOCs such as brominated flame retardants, organophosphate esters, and halogenated methoxylated benzenes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chun-Yan Huo, Wen-Long Li, Li-Yan Liu, Yu Sun, Jia-Qi Guo, Liang Wang, Hayley Hung, Yi-Fan Li
Summary: Some phthalate esters (PAEs), commonly used in consumer products, have been restricted due to their adverse health effects, leading to the emergence of alternative non-phthalate plasticizers (NPPs). This study investigated the presence of PAEs and NPPs in the air of a typical indoor residence in northern China for over a year. It was found that PAEs were still the dominant plasticizers being used, with higher concentrations compared to NPPs. The concentrations of PAEs and NPPs showed seasonal variation, with peak levels occurring in summer and autumn.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pu-Fei Yang, Robie W. Macdonald, Hayley Hung, Derek C. G. Muir, Roland Kallenborn, Anatoly N. Nikolaev, Wan-Li Ma, Li-Yan Liu, Yi-Fan Li
Summary: Using a mass balance box model, the historical loading, removal, and cumulative burden of b-hexa-chlorocyclohexane (b-HCH) in the Arctic Ocean from 1945 to 2020 were investigated. The majority of the loading occurred through ocean currents and river inflow, while atmospheric transport contributed only a small portion. b-HCH accumulated in the Arctic Ocean starting in the late 1940s, reached a peak in 1986, and decreased by 2020. The pathways of b-HCH entering the Arctic differed from those of a-HCH, with b-HCH primarily transported through long-range oceanic transport.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wen-Long Li, Tana V. Mcdaniel, Shane R. de Solla, Lisa Bradley, Alice Dove, Daryl Mcgoldrick, Paul Helm, Hayley Hung
Summary: Since the phase-out of PBDEs, AHFRs have been introduced to the market as alternatives. The persistence and toxicity of HFRs have raised concerns for the ecosystem and human health. However, there is limited assessment of HFRs in Lake Ontario regarding atmospheric loadings, sources, and environmental fate.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuening Li, Faqiang Zhan, Chubashini Shunthirasingham, Ying Duan Lei, Hayley Hung, Frank Wania
Summary: This study demonstrates that even the most volatile PCBs can maintain linear uptake in a passive air sampler using XAD-resin as the sorbent (XAD-PAS). The sampling rates for 66 congeners decrease with the number of chlorines and increase within a homologue with the number of chlorines in the ortho-position. By quantifying the effects of chlorine substitution and temperature on sampling rates, it is possible to estimate the sampling rates for all congeners at any deployment temperature. The XAD-PAS is suitable for unbiased sampling of gaseous PCBs in various settings.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Hayley Hung
Summary: Researchers at the Socially Perceptive Computing Lab at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands are exploring innovative ways to measure the quality of our social encounters, ranging from speed-dates to professional networking events and long-term simulated space missions. They aim to understand the distinction between good and bad social encounters in order to develop technologies that can enhance our social interactions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Timothy Jiang, Mark Gordon, Paul A. Makar, Ralf M. Staebler, Michael Wheeler
Summary: Measurements were conducted in a forest in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region to investigate particle size distributions, particle deposition velocities, and vertical mixing in the canopy. Different sources were identified based on wind direction. Smokestack plumes from oil sands processing facilities had higher number concentrations at 70 nm, while aerosols from open-pit mine faces had peaks near 150 nm and 250 nm. Deposition fluxes were calculated and showed good agreement with previous measurements. Nighttime decoupling of air within and above the forest canopy was observed, with lag times of up to 40 min. Aerosol mass fluxes underestimated the flux magnitude when compared to eddy covariance flux measurements.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Irene Cheng, Leiming Zhang, Zhuanshi He, Hazel Cathcart, Daniel Houle, Amanda Cole, Jian Feng, Jason O'Brien, Anne Marie Macdonald, Julian Aherne, Jeffrey Brook
Summary: Daily air and precipitation monitoring in Canada since 1983 has provided information on nitrogen and sulfur species concentrations. The data analysis reveals decreasing trends in total deposition of nitrogen and sulfur, with changes in the contribution of different forms of nitrogen deposition. Reductions in anthropogenic emissions have been effective in reducing oxidized nitrogen and sulfur deposition. However, some areas still exceed critical loads, highlighting the need for further research and assessment.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Laura Cabrera-Quiros, Ekin Gedik, Hayley Hung
Summary: This paper focuses on the automatic classification of self-assessed personality traits in crowded mingle scenarios. It leverages wearable sensors and cameras to study the effect of different behavioral modality types on personality estimation, and analyze the impact of feature complementarity and importance on classification performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AFFECTIVE COMPUTING
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ashu Dastoor, Helene Angot, Johannes Bieser, Jesper H. Christensen, Thomas A. Douglas, Lars-Eric Heimburger-Boavida, Martin Jiskra, Robert P. Mason, David S. McLagan, Daniel Obrist, Peter M. Outridge, Mariia Petrova, Andrei Ryjkov, Kyra A. St Pierre, Amina T. Schartup, Anne L. Soerensen, Kenjiro Toyota, Oleg Travnikov, Simon J. Wilson, Christian Zdanowicz
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive assessment of the present-day total mercury mass balance in the Arctic. The majority of mercury is transported to the Arctic via air and ocean transport, and the deposition mainly occurs in terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in soils. Rivers and coastal erosion transfer a significant amount of terrestrial mercury to the Arctic Ocean, in approximate balance with net terrestrial mercury deposition. The revised Arctic Ocean mercury mass balance suggests that the deposition to the ocean and mercury burial in inner-shelf sediments are underestimated, calling for the need for seasonal observations.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Hayley Hung, Crispin Halsall, Hollie Ball, Terry Bidleman, Jordi Dachs, Amila De Silva, Mark Hermanson, Roland Kallenborn, Derek Muir, Roxana Suhring, Xiaoping Wang, Simon Wilson
Summary: Climate change has significant effects on the physical environment in the Arctic, which in turn affects the distribution of contaminants and impacts the Arctic ecosystems. However, there are still gaps in our knowledge about the indirect effects of climate change on contaminants, and more research is needed.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Ekin Gedik, Laura Cabrera-Quiros, Claudio Martella, Gwenn Englebienne, Hayley Hung
Summary: The method presented uses sensor data to predict audience members' experiences of live performances, identifying informative intervals of the event and analyzing audience members' bodily movements. The relative location of audience members may impact their experience, and the linkage of audience members' bodily movements can reveal memorable moments reported later by the audience.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AFFECTIVE COMPUTING
(2021)