Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Leying Zhang, Jiuwei Zhao, Jong-Seong Kug, Xin Geng, Haiming Xu, Jingjia Luo, Jae-Heung Park, Ruifen Zhan
Summary: The study identified two distinct sea surface temperature warming patterns, La Nina-like and El Nino-like, in CMIP5 models, which are influenced by the tropical Indo-Pacific SST gradient. The PW pattern in individual models is nonstationary and may change in the future.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiale Lou, Terence J. O'Kane, Neil J. Holbrook
Summary: This study proposes a new paradigm for South Pacific climate variability and suggests that the PSA mode is the key driver of oceanic variability in the South Pacific subtropics, generating a potentially predictable climate signal linked to the tropics.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xueqing Wang, Xiu-Qun Yang
Summary: This study analyzes the impact of El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the Pacific-North American (PNA) teleconnection pattern in wintertime. It finds that the asymmetry of ENSO has become more pronounced in recent decades. The study quantifies the extratropical asymmetric impact on the amplitude of the PNA pattern and attributes the amplification mainly to increases in asymmetry of Rossby wave source (RWS) anomalies over key regions in the North Pacific.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yue Chen, Ping Huang
Summary: This study analyzes the simulation of subsurface temperature decadal variability (TPDV) in the tropical Pacific of 26 CMIP6 models. The ENSO-like and ENSO-induced TPDVs show a high consistency in the subsurface, while the ENSO-induced TPDV in the subsurface has two distinct patterns among the models, with one centered in the central Pacific and the other showing a zonal dipole in the equatorial Pacific. The zonal pattern of the ENSO-induced TPDV in the subsurface is mainly induced by the SST skewness in the equatorial eastern Pacific, which is related to the surface heat flux feedback during La Nina.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Wenxiu Zhong, Wenju Cai, Arnold Sullivan, Wansuo Duan, Song Yang
Summary: This article investigates the combined effects of the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and the South Pacific Oscillation (SPO) on the interannual wind in the western-central equatorial Pacific (WCEP). The NPO influences the WCEP interannual wind during the boreal winter-spring by modulating the Northwestern Pacific Intertropical Convergence Zone (NITCZ). As austral winter approaches, the SPO takes over this role and maintains the anomalous NITCZ. The NPO benefits long-lead prediction of the WCEP interannual wind and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), while the SPO is the dominant extratropical predictor of ENSO amplitude.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ruiqiang Ding, Hyacinth C. Nnamchi, Jin-Yi Yu, Tim Li, Cheng Sun, Jianping Li, Yu-Heng Tseng, Xichen Li, Fei Xie, Juan Feng, Kai Ji, Xumin Li
Summary: The connection between the North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events varies considerably over multidecadal timescales and is mainly controlled by the multidecadal variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). During the positive phase of the NAO, the NTA impact on ENSO is amplified due to strengthening of precipitation over the equatorial Atlantic and enhancement of the persistence of NTA SST anomalies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Yuntao Wang, Jin Liu, Hailong Liu, Pengfei Lin, Yeping Yuan, Fei Chai
Summary: Satellite observations over fifteen years have been used to study sea surface temperature and frontal activities in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The results show that frontal activities are mainly influenced by wind forces, with strong activities near the coast decreasing offshore. Seasonal cycles dominate the variability of SST frontal probability in coastal regions, while large interannual variability is seen in the tropics.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ya Wang, Kaiming Hu, Gang Huang, Weichen Tao
Summary: The asymmetric impacts of El Nino and La Nina on the Pacific-North American teleconnection pattern are influenced by the varying tropical convective heating and discrepancy of the subtropical jet stream. This leads to the eastward (westward) shift of the STJ during El Nino (La Nina) years, ultimately contributing to the asymmetry of the teleconnection pattern.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Prasanth A. Pillai, Suryachandra A. Rao, Ankur Srivastava, D. A. Ramu, Maheswar Pradhan, Renu S. Das
Summary: The study demonstrates the significant role of tropical Pacific sea surface temperature biases in simulating both the mean and inter-annual variability of Indian summer monsoon rainfall.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Brady S. Ferster, Alexey V. Fedorov, Eric Guilyardi, Juliette Mignot
Summary: A notable shift in the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been observed, characterized by increased prevalence of Central Pacific (CP) events and strengthened Pacific trade winds, which may be attributed to the warming tropical Indian Ocean (TIO). Experiments show that TIO warming (or cooling) leads to amplified (weakened) trade winds and surface warming (cooling) in the Pacific region, and surprisingly, ENSO variability increases in both TIO cooling and warming scenarios.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Cong Guan, Feng Tian, Michael J. McPhaden, Shijian Hu, Fan Wang
Summary: Salinity anomalies in the central Pacific induce the strongest surface warming during both types of El Nino, tapering off to the east and west. The distinct sea surface salinity zonal structures between the two El Ninos amplify their difference in sea surface temperature magnitude by about 10%. Salinity effects on vertical mixing and entrainment account for the different eastern Pacific and central Pacific El Nino responses.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qi Yang, Lei Fan
Summary: This study investigated the mechanisms driving the changes in the relationship between El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and tropical South Atlantic (TSA) sea surface temperatures (SST) during boreal summer over the past century. The negative TSA-ENSO relationship is primarily due to persistent ENSO years. The frequency of persistent ENSO occurrence explains the fluctuation of the ENSO-TSA relationship. These findings enhance our comprehension of the relationship between summer ENSO and the tropical Atlantic SST.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wen-Hui Chen, Haojia Ren, John C. H. Chiang, You-Lin Wang, Ren-Yi Cai-Li, Yi-Chi Chen, Chuan-Chou Shen, Frederick W. Taylor, Thomas M. DeCarlo, Chau-Ron Wu, Horng-Sheng Mii, Xingchen Tony Wang
Summary: The wind-driven meridional overturning circulation between the tropical and subtropical oceans plays a crucial role in regulating temperature fluctuations on decadal scales in the Pacific Ocean and globally. It has been found that an acceleration of this circulation can lead to a reduction in global surface temperature by increasing heat storage in the ocean. By studying N-15/N-14 ratios recorded in Porites spp. corals in the western tropical South Pacific, researchers have discovered that these ratios are sensitive to water mass exchanges driven by western boundary transport. The observed decline in the N-15/N-14 ratio suggests a strengthening of the South Pacific western boundary current and its potential contribution to the strengthening of the Equatorial Undercurrent.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hasi Aru, Shangfeng Chen, Wen Chen
Summary: This study reveals significant changes in the variability of the winter Western Pacific pattern in recent decades, with a closer connection to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation and changes in the North Pacific storm track amplitude during periods of high variability.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yu Zhang, Shi-Yun Yu, Dillon J. Amaya, Yu Kosaka, Malte F. Stuecker, Jun-Chao Yang, Xiaopei Lin, Lei Fan
Summary: The study reveals the connection between tropical Pacific-forced Aleutian low variability and the Pacific Meridional Mode, while tropical Pacific-forced North Pacific Oscillation does not significantly influence PMM variability. This finding provides important insights for future research on subtropical-tropical interactions.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yue Sun, Jianping Li, Hao Wang, Ruize Li, Xinxin Tang
Summary: The September rainfall over Northern China in 2021 was the heaviest since 1961 and had unprecedented socioeconomic impacts. The study found that the warm sea surface temperature anomalies over the tropical Atlantic, cold sea surface temperature anomalies over the tropical Pacific, Southern Annular Mode-like pattern in the Southern Hemisphere, and North Pacific Oscillation-like pattern in the Northern Hemisphere jointly strengthened the Indian monsoon and led to this rainfall event. Additionally, the extreme air acceleration in the east Asian upper-level jet entrance region played a crucial role.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Bolan Gan, Tianyu Wang, Lixin Wu, Jianping Li, Bo Qiu, Haiyuan Yang, Li Zhang
Summary: Through the study of short-term climate variations on a decadal scale, we found that the Kuroshio Extension system undergoes periodic changes between stable and unstable states. This variation is caused by a coupled ocean-atmosphere delayed oscillator, with the winter oceanic surface conditions and slow oceanic Rossby wave adjustment playing a key role.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ming-Huei Chang, Yu-Hsin Cheng, Yu-Yu Yeh, Je-Yuan Hsu, Sen Jan, Yu-heng Tseng, Chung-Hsiung Sui, Yiing Jang Yang, Po-Hsiung Lin
Summary: We conducted Lagrangian diurnal warm layer (DWL) observations and used satellite products in the strong Kuroshio east of Taiwan, where the winds and advection effect are significantly modified by the boundary terrain. The synoptic easterly wind bifurcates into southward-blowing and northward-blowing branches when it encounters Taiwan's coast. These branches create areas with enhanced and weakened apparent wind speed compared to the northeastward flowing Kuroshio. The DWL can reach 5m due to shear instability-induced mixing, and sea surface temperature (SST) enhancement occurs around and north of the wind bifurcation.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yi-Chun Kuo, Yang Yu, Yu-Heng Tseng
Summary: This study investigated the long-term interannual changes in summer circulation and hydrology in the East China Sea. The results showed that the sea surface temperature in summer was mainly influenced by horizontal advection and heat flux. Baroclinic circulation played a crucial role in subsurface mixing, with atmospheric wind and Kuroshio modes dominating interannual variations in ocean circulation.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Chenchen Zhao, Jianping Li, Huihua Cai, Dingwei Wu, Suwan Tao, Chaoran Pi, Lian Zhu, Na Xu, Tongcun Zhang
Summary: Chronic endometritis is a common gynecological disease caused by recurrent infections, and it is closely related to myositis, miscarriage, and infertility. Current clinical therapy lacks satisfactory treatment methods. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes, which have promising immunomodulatory and tissue repair abilities, have been used to treat inflammatory diseases. This study proposes that exosomes derived from inflammation-stimulated MSCs have stronger inhibition ability for inflammation.
BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xuanliang Ji, Juan Feng, Jianping Li, Xingrong Chen
Summary: This study investigates the modulation of Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) thermal conditions on the relationships between the Hadley circulation (HC) and different tropical sea surface temperature (SST) meridional structures. The study finds that the relationship between HC and tropical SST is suppressed in cold IPWP conditions, while it is equivalent to the climatology in warm IPWP conditions. This suppression is attributed to the association between the La Nina decay phase and significant equatorially asymmetric SST anomalies within the IPWP.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Yu Ru, Chenming Hu, Xuyang Chen, Fengbo Yang, Chao Zhang, Jianping Li, Shuping Fang
Summary: The study examines the interaction between the canopy of fruit trees, the airflow field, and the droplet penetration ratio using a mobile LIDAR system and wind tunnel experiments. The results show that wind velocity decreases during canopy penetration, with the lowest value at the back of the canopy. A quadratic exponential regression model is found to be the most accurate in predicting the droplet penetration ratio. This research provides valuable information for optimizing spraying parameters and improving pesticide utilization.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jing Cao, Jianping Li, Yanjie Li
Summary: This paper investigates truncation and round-off errors in the numerical solution of the 1D advection equation using the Lax-Friedrichs scheme, and their accumulation in high temporal layers. The authors derive a new theoretical approximation formula for the upper bound of the total error, as well as theoretical formulas for the optimal grid size and time step. The reliability of the formulas is demonstrated through numerical experiments. Furthermore, the paper explores the relationship between the optimal time steps under different machine precisions and presents theoretical verification of the computational uncertainty principle under a fixed grid ratio.
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xuan Li, Ruiqiang Ding, Jianping Li
Summary: In this study, the local predictability of summer heatwave events in south China was investigated using the BNLLE method. The results showed the high predictability of summer temperature and the wide range of local predictability limits for major heatwave events. The error dynamics and regional dynamical information revealed the heterogeneous spatial distribution of error growth and limitations in heatwave forecasting in the northern regions of south China.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hao Wang, Jianping Li, Fei Zheng, Fei Li
Summary: This study investigates the synergistic effect of the summer positive North Atlantic Oscillation (pNAO) and positive northwest Pacific (pNWP) sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) on the interannual variability of extreme heat events in central-eastern China (CEC). The results show that the two factors act synergistically in strengthening extreme heat events in the CEC through a series of atmospheric bridges. The pNWP SSTA increases the strength of pNAO, leading to a stronger eastward propagation of Rossby waves and an anomalous anticyclone over the CEC, resulting in extreme heat events.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yazhou Zhang, Jianping Li, Yina Diao, Zhaolu Hou, Ting Liu, Bin Zuo
Summary: This study explores the role of perturbation potential energy (PPE) in the energetic connection between the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) and Indian Ocean dipole (IOD). Strong SCSSM leads to positive/negative energy conversion and corresponding ascending/descending motions over the western North Pacific (WNP) and southern Maritime Continent (SMC), which indicates the existence of regional Hadley circulation. This circulation-induced wind anomalies reduce the local sea surface temperature over the tropical southeastern Indian Ocean, thus influencing the development of the IOD.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ruiqiang Ding, Hyacinth C. Nnamchi, Jin-Yi Yu, Tim Li, Cheng Sun, Jianping Li, Yu-Heng Tseng, Xichen Li, Fei Xie, Juan Feng, Kai Ji, Xumin Li
Summary: The connection between the North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events varies considerably over multidecadal timescales and is mainly controlled by the multidecadal variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). During the positive phase of the NAO, the NTA impact on ENSO is amplified due to strengthening of precipitation over the equatorial Atlantic and enhancement of the persistence of NTA SST anomalies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Qi Tian, Ruiqiang Ding, Jianping Li
Summary: This study evaluates the simulations of the NTA mode and NTA-ENSO connection using CMIP5 and CMIP6 historical simulations. The results show that most models can reproduce the spatial pattern of the NTA mode reasonably, although there are some differences in the central values and position. Furthermore, the analysis indicates that the CMIP5/CMIP6 models have a large diversity in the NTA-ENSO connection, which may be attributed to their differences in simulating the spring climatological mean Atlantic ITCZ precipitation and spring-to-summer NTA SST persistence. The CMIP6 models perform better in simulating the NTA-ENSO connection compared to the CMIP5 models.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Qin Hong, Juan Feng, Jianping Li
Summary: Based on observational data, this study investigates the effects of Central Pacific (CP) El Nino events on the relationship between the Hadley circulation (HC) and tropical sea surface temperature (SST) under different meridional structures. It is found that the variability of HC and SST, decomposed into equatorially symmetric and asymmetric components, shows decreased explained variances during CP El Nino events. The HC's response to SST under different meridional structures is suppressed, mainly due to the inhomogeneous variations of SST anomalies in the tropical eastern Pacific (EP), particularly with a greater amplitude in the north EP.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hao Wang, Ziguang Li, Jianping Li, Xiaopei Lin, Xiao-Tong Zheng, Lei Fan, Yu Zhang
Summary: The variability of tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) can impact the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). The interannual EASM-TA relationship exhibits interdecadal variation modulated by the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). Understanding the IPO-modulated EASM-TA relationship helps better forecast EASM variability.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)