Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Morio Nakayama, Hisashi Nakamura, Fumiaki Ogawa
Summary: The study indicates that the midlatitude oceanic frontal zone enhances and anchors the variability of the baroclinic annular mode (BAM) by supplying sensible heat and moisture from the ocean, although the BAM is primarily a manifestation of atmospheric internal dynamics. The BAM modulates momentum flux associated with transient disturbances to induce a modest but robust meridional shift of the polar-front jet, suggesting that it can help maintain the stability of the southern annular mode. The quasi-periodic behavior of the BAM likely reflects the internal dynamics involving atmospheric disturbances on both subweekly and longer time scales.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ewa M. Bednarz, Daniele Visioni, Jadwiga H. Richter, Amy H. Butler, Douglas G. MacMartin
Summary: The study analyzes the impacts of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI) strategies on the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) using the Community Earth System Model. The results show that the SAM response is primarily dependent on the latitude of injection, with northern and equatorial injections driving a positive phase of SAM and southern injections driving a negative phase of SAM.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Fei Zheng, Xiaoning Liu, Hao Wang, Yuxun Li, Rui Wang, Shuailei Yao, Wenjie Dong
Summary: The Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode (SAM), the dominant mode of atmospheric circulation in the Southern Hemisphere, has shown changes in its seasonal trend in relation to ozone recovery. The summer SAM trend has decreased since 2001, reducing the seasonal difference with winter, while the winter SAM has shown an increasing positive trend in the early 21st century, reversing the previous seasonality. The winter SAM changes are found to be part of a multidecadal oscillation, possibly originating from the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tiffany A. Shaw, Osamu Miyawakia, Aaron Donohoe
Summary: The Southern Hemisphere has more storms than the Northern Hemisphere due to equal contributions from topography and ocean circulation. Understanding the energy transfer between land and ocean and its effects on future storminess is crucial. The storminess in the Southern Hemisphere is linked to changes in ocean energy transport in the Southern Ocean, while storminess in the Northern Hemisphere has not significantly changed due to opposing oceanic and radiative changes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Matthew T. Luongo, Shang-Ping Xie, Ian Eisenman, Yen-Ting Hwang, Hung-Yi Tseng
Summary: Previous studies have shown that aerosol-like cooling in the Northern Hemisphere leads to a La Nina-like response in the tropical Indo-Pacific. This study investigates the communication and sustainability of this response through a coupled ocean-atmosphere feedback pathway. The results suggest that the buoyancy-forced response dominates in the subtropics, amplifying sea surface temperature anomalies and communicating wind-driven evaporative cooling to the tropics. In the equatorial Indo-Pacific, buoyancy-forced ocean dynamics cool the surface while the Bjerknes feedback creates zonally asymmetric SST patterns. Robustness of the subtropical low cloud feedback pathway is observed across multiple models.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dalei Hao, Gautam Bisht, Hailong Wang, Donghui Xu, Huilin Huang, Yun Qian, L. Ruby Leung
Summary: Will snow become cleaner or dirtier in the future? Using Earth System Model simulations, this study reveals a cleaner snow future and highlights its benefits for future water supply from snowmelt.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yongxiao Liang, Nathan p. Gillett, Adam h. Monahan
Summary: Physically based observational constraint methods can effectively reduce uncertainty in global warming projections. The study finds that global low-cloud metrics perform better in constraining surface temperature projections compared to past warming trend or regional climate metrics. Constrained climate models provide more accurate projections and narrower uncertainty ranges.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xinyu Li, Shushi Peng, Yi Xi, R. Iestyn Woolway, Gang Liu
Summary: The excess lake surface warming during ice-off and ice-on month due to earlier ice loss and later ice formation across the Northern Hemisphere has been shown. The contribution of long-term variations in lake ice seasonality to surface water temperature trends has been investigated, and an 8-day advancement in the average timing of ice break-up has been found to play a predominant role in the excess warming. The projected future alterations in lake ice phenology may further amplify the excess lake warming.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Matthew Patterson, Tim Woollings, Thomas J. Bracegirdle
Summary: Stationary wave changes in the Southern Hemisphere winter play a significant role in regional climate change response, particularly in the strengthening of westerlies and enhancement of the subtropical jet. These changes can be largely explained by reductions in the upper-level Rossby wave source over the tropical/subtropical east Pacific, which are robust across model ensemble and correlated with low-latitude circulation patterns. This understanding is crucial for advancing knowledge of SH extratropical circulation changes under climate change.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Marina Friedel, Gabriel Chiodo, Andrea Stenke, Daniela I. V. Domeisen, Stephan Fueglistaler, Julien G. Anet, Thomas Peter
Summary: Springtime stratospheric ozone depletion in the Arctic is consistently followed by surface temperature and precipitation anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere. The depletion of ozone leads to a reduction in short-wave radiation absorption and negative temperature anomalies, causing a delayed break-up of the polar vortex and affecting the climate in Europe and Eurasia.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jin-Lin Zha, Cheng Shen, Jian Wu, De-Ming Zhao, Wen-Xuan Fan, Hui-Ping Jiang, Cesar Azorin-Molina, Deliang Chen
Summary: This study investigates the contributions of zonal and meridional flows to the changes in near-surface wind speed (NSWS) over eastern China. The results show that the weakening of the zonal wind component is the main factor driving the reduction in NSWS. The Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode (NAM) has a considerable impact on NSWS, influencing both the zonal and meridional wind patterns.
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander J. Thompson, Jiang Zhu, Christopher J. Poulsen, Jessica E. Tierney, Christopher B. Skinner
Summary: The controversy surrounding the Holocene thermal maximum, a period of global warmth in the early to mid-Holocene, has been addressed through simulations showing that vegetation change in the Northern Hemisphere can explain the warming trend that previous models failed to reproduce. These findings emphasize the importance of considering vegetation dynamics when modeling the temperature evolution during the Holocene.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jorg Schwinger, Ali Asaadi, Nadine Goris, Hanna Lee
Summary: This study reveals that a decrease or collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation can lead to cooling in the northern high latitudes. The study also suggests that deliberate CO2 removal from the atmosphere may amplify this cooling effect and result in temporary undershoot of the target temperature level.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rishav Goyal, Alex Sen Gupta, Martin Jucker, Matthew H. England
Summary: The Southern Hemisphere surface westerlies play a significant role in controlling regional climate patterns, ocean circulation, and carbon uptake. Research based on CMIP5, CMIP6, and reanalysis data reveals historical and projected changes in Southern Hemisphere westerly winds, including a reduction in poleward shift and an increase in wind intensity under high emission scenarios.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hae-Li Park, Kyong-Hwan Seo, Baek-Min Kim, Jin-Yong Kim, S. -Y. Simons Wang
Summary: Research indicates that the variability of boreal winter surface air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere is linked to different physical processes, such as snow cover variation in Eurasia, the La Nina phenomenon in the North Pacific, and sea ice loss in the Barents and Kara seas.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
B. Yu, H. Lin, V. V. Kharin, X. L. Wang
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Nicholas Soulard, Hai Lin, Jacques Derome, Bin Yu
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the South Asian jet can affect climatic conditions across the entire hemisphere. The study found that during the boreal winter in the Northern Hemisphere, imposing a diabatic heating anomaly in the tropics can force a CGT pattern.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Pei-Ning Feng, Hai Lin
Summary: The study evaluates the modulation of the MJO-related teleconnection by the QBO in operational models, showing that the S2S models capture the enhancement of the NAO under WQBO conditions to varying degrees but struggle to reproduce the effect under EQBO conditions.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hai Lin, Zhiyong Huang, Harry Hendon, Gilbert Brunet
Summary: The study reveals that the NAO has a significant influence on the MJO and its forecast skill, with most models able to capture this influence. The amplitude and phase of the NAO affect the MJO prediction skill, with a strong NAO leading to better forecasting. Additionally, forecasts starting from a negative NAO tend to have higher MJO skill compared to those starting from a positive NAO.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hal Ritchie, Stephane Belair, Natacha B. Bernier, Mark Buehner, Martin Charron, Vincent Fortin, Louis Garand, Pieter Houtekamer, Syed Husain, Stephane Laroche, Jean-Francois Lemieux, Hai Lin, Ron McTaggart-Cowan, Jason Milbrandt, Herschel Mitchell, Pierre Pellerin, Janusz Pudykiewicz, Leo Separovic, Gregory C. Smith, Monique Tanguay, Paul A. Vaillancourt
Summary: Contributions of Recherche en Prevision Numerique (RPN) to Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP): A review article invited by Atmosphere-Ocean
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Cristiana Stan, Cheng Zheng, Edmund Kar-Man Chang, Daniela I. Domeisen, Chaim Garfinkel, Andrea M. Jenney, Hyemi Kim, Young-Kwon Lim, Hai Lin, Andrew Robertson, Chen Schwartz, Frederic Vitart, Jiabao Wang, Priyanka Yadav
Summary: This study evaluates the ability of state-of-the-art S2S forecasting systems to represent and predict the teleconnections of the Madden-Julian oscillation and their effects on weather, providing valuable insights for modeling community on further development focus.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jialin Lin, Taotao Qian, Howard B. Bluestein, Peter Ditlevsen, Hai Lin, Tatsuya Seiki, Eigo Tochimoto, Hannah Barnes, Peter Bechtold, Frederick H. Carr, Saulo R. Freitas, Steven J. Goodman, Georg Grell, Jongil Han, Philip Klotzbach, Woosub Roh, Masaki Satoh, Siegfried Schubert, Guang Zhang, Ping Zhu
Summary: This paper summarizes the current challenges in climate and weather research and provides suggestions for future research directions.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hai Lin
Summary: This review article discusses the rich variabilities in the global atmosphere and climate system on the intraseasonal time scale, with a focus on the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) as the dominant mode of tropical intraseasonal variability. The MJO has a significant global impact and is a major source of skill for subseasonal to seasonal predictions.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hai Lin, Ruping Mo, Frederic Vitart
Summary: This study evaluates the ability of 10 Subseasonal-to-Seasonal prediction models to predict above-normal temperatures in western North America 2-3 weeks in advance. It is found that most models were able to predict the high temperatures in Western Canada during June 28-July 4 as early as June 10. However, for forecasts initialized earlier than June 17, none of the models could accurately capture the magnitude of the observed temperature anomaly. The study identifies the importance of two processes: an upper tropospheric wave train associated with the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation in Southeast Asia, and an anomalous North Pacific atmospheric river leading to high moisture conditions. Most models were able to predict the wave train across the North Pacific, but a realistic representation of moisture transport and its pattern appears crucial for the extended-range forecast of this heatwave.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jialin Lin, Hai Lin
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
K. Andrew Peterson, Gregory C. Smith, Jean-Francois Lemieux, Francois Roy, Mark Buehner, Alain Caya, Pieter L. Houtekamer, Hai Lin, Ryan Muncaster, Xingxiu Deng, Frederic Dupont, Normand Gagnon, Yukie Hata, Yosvany Martinez, Juan Sebastian Fontecilla, Dorina Surcel-Colan
Summary: The Global Ensemble Prediction System (GEPS) of Environment and Climate Change Canada has been upgraded to a coupled atmosphere, ocean, and sea-ice version, and shows improved sea-ice prediction compared to persistence and a deterministic Global Deterministic Prediction System (GDPS). The ensemble system offers enhanced benefits over a single deterministic forecast during the minimum and maximum extent periods and the early freeze-up period, although further improvement of the spread/error relationship is needed.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Andrew G. Marshall, Guomin Wang, Harry H. Hendon, Hai Lin
Summary: The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) has a significant impact on Australian springtime temperatures and extremes. It induces strong warming in southern Australia when its active convection propagates over the Indian Ocean and Maritime Continent. The heat signal is strongest in southeast Australia during specific MJO phases, in the vicinity of a deep anticyclonic anomaly. These temperature fluctuations are part of a Rossby wave train that originates from the Indian Ocean and disperses across the Southern Hemisphere towards South America.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruping Mo, Hai Lin, Frederic Vitart
Summary: Based on analyses of observation-based data and numerical weather prediction model output, this study reveals that a warm-season atmospheric river moved from Southeast Asia across the North Pacific in June 2021, contributing heat and moisture to a heatwave event in western North America. The movement of this system resulted in substantial spillover of moisture and sensible heat, forming a positive feedback mechanism that potentially led to the expansion of the heatwave event.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yongkang Xue, Tandong Yao, Aaron A. Boone, Ismaila Diallo, Ye Liu, Xubin Zeng, William K. M. Lau, Shiori Sugimoto, Qi Tang, Xiaoduo Pan, Peter J. van Oevelen, Daniel Klocke, Myung-Seo Koo, Tomonori Sato, Zhaohui Lin, Yuhei Takaya, Constantin Ardilouze, Stefano Materia, Subodh K. Saha, Retish Senan, Tetsu Nakamura, Hailan Wang, Jing Yang, Hongliang Zhang, Mei Zhao, Xin-Zhong Liang, J. David Neelin, Frederic Vitart, Xin Li, Ping Zhao, Chunxiang Shi, Weidong Guo, Jianping Tang, Miao Yu, Yun Qian, Samuel S. P. Shen, Yang Zhang, Kun Yang, Ruby Leung, Yuan Qiu, Daniele Peano, Xin Qi, Yanling Zhan, Michael A. Brunke, Sin Chan Chou, Michael Ek, Tianyi Fan, Hong Guan, Hai Lin, Shunlin Liang, Helin Wei, Shaocheng Xie, Haoran Xu, Weiping Li, Xueli Shi, Paulo Nobre, Yan Pan, Yi Qin, Jeff Dozier, Craig R. Ferguson, Gianpaolo Balsamo, Qing Bao, Jinming Feng, Jinkyu Hong, Songyou Hong, Huilin Huang, Duoying Ji, Zhenming Ji, Shichang Kang, Yanluan Lin, Weiguang Liu, Ryan Muncaster, Patricia de Rosnay, Hiroshi G. Takahashi, Guiling Wang, Shuyu Wang, Weicai Wang, Xu Zhou, Yuejian Zhu
Summary: The LS4P project aims to improve S2S prediction by introducing spring land surface temperature and snowpack anomalies as crucial factors. Over 40 groups worldwide have participated in LS4P, with preliminary results showing significant hydroclimatic impacts of the Tibetan Plateau LST.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Bin Yu, Guilong Li, Hai Lin, Shangfeng Chen
Summary: The climate simulations conducted with two generations of Canadian Earth System Models reveal a poleward intensified warming trend and high risk of severe warm days over the west coast of North America and northern Canada, while the belt of extreme cold days extending from Alaska to the northeastern United States weakens. The warming trend is stronger in CanESM5 than in CanESM2, and there are large ensemble spreads in the SAT trend and extreme temperature projections.
