Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Antonis A. Manolis, Theodora A. Manolis, Evdoxia J. Apostolopoulos, Naomi E. Apostolaki, Helen Melita, Antonis S. Manolis
Summary: The autonomic nervous system (ANS), including the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, plays a critical role in modulating cardiac arrhythmias, with a delicate balance needed between the two to maintain a regular heartbeat. Overactivity of the sympathetic system can lead to adrenergic arrhythmias, while overactivity of the parasympathetic system may trigger vagotonic arrhythmias. In addition to traditional drug therapies, various ANS-modulating interventions have been developed for the prevention and management of arrhythmias.
TRENDS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Thais Marques da Silva, Carlos Alberto Aguiar Silva, Helio Cesar Salgado, Rubens Fazan Jr, Luiz Eduardo Virgilio Silva
Summary: The study investigated the influence of the autonomic nervous system on heart rate fragmentation (HRF) in rats. Results showed that sympathetic and parasympathetic influences similarly decrease HRF, with parasympathetic control markedly affecting the type of inflection points. Further studies are needed to explore the role of the autonomic nervous system in diseases marked by autonomic imbalance.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lisette M. Harteveld, Ineke Nederend, Arend D. J. ten Harkel, Nienke M. Schutte, Susanne R. de Rooij, Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte, Helena Oldenhof, Arne Popma, Lucres M. C. Jansen, Jill Suurland, Hanna Swaab, Eco J. C. de Geus
Summary: The study found that cardiac parasympathetic (PNS) and sympathetic (SNS) activity in childhood follow different developmental trajectories, with PNS activity showing a cubic trend and SNS activity showing a linear decrease. There are differences in SNS and PNS activity levels between boys and girls at different ages, with high interindividual variation observed at all ages.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Andreas Fesas, Evanthia Giannoula, Alexis Vrachimis, Argyrios Doumas, Christian Wenning, Matthaios Didagelos, Ioannis Iakovou
Summary: This review discusses the potential use of radiopharmaceuticals for non-invasive cardiac autonomous nervous system imaging, especially in arrhythmogenic diseases. It also provides an update on current literature regarding ventricular arrhythmias, cardiomyopathies, Brugada syndrome, and Long QT syndrome.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew E. Chambers, Emily H. Nuibe, Candace M. Reno-Bernstein
Summary: Hypoglycemia has significant effects on the heart, including changes in electrocardiograms, cardiac arrhythmias, and alterations in cardiac function. The brain's nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating these cardiac changes during hypoglycemia.
Review
Physiology
Arianna Scalco, Nicola Moro, Marco Mongillo, Tania Zaglia
Summary: The cardiac autonomic nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating heart function, with the parasympathetic branch dominant during rest and the sympathetic activation enhancing heart performance. Studies have revealed the presence of an intracardiac neuron system and communication between the heart and the central nervous system. Optogenetics has been instrumental in uncovering the cellular mechanisms of neurogenic heart control, providing valuable insights in both physiology and pathology.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ana Jorbenadze, Marat Fudim, Felix Mahfoud, Phillip B. Adamson, Tarek Bekfani, Rolf Wachter, Horst Sievert, Piotr P. Ponikowski, John G. F. Cleland, Stefan D. Anker
Summary: Heart failure is commonly accompanied by co-morbid conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and neurohormonal imbalance. Pharmacological treatment targeting neurohormonal blockade has shown benefits in reducing morbidity and mortality in HF with reduced ejection fraction. Novel device-based therapies using neuromodulation of extra-cardiac targets are being explored for treating cardiometabolic disease in HF patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Raquel Aparecida Dias, Claudia de Faria Cardoso, Rym Ghimouz, Daniel Alessander Nono, Jose Antonio Silva Jr, Juan Acuna, Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu, Luciana Aparecida Campos
Summary: This study investigated the effects of warm shower hydrotherapy on laboring women during the first stage of labor by using ECG biomarkers as quantitative cardiac autonomic outcomes. The results showed that warm shower hydrotherapy can impact the sympathovagal balance via parasympathetic withdrawal and is suitable for women in the initial stage of labor. This study provides quantitative support for the use of warm shower hydrotherapy as a non-pharmacological treatment during labor.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Shanks, Rohit Ramchandra
Summary: The RAAS plays a critical role in modulating the parasympathetic nervous system, particularly in the context of hypertension. Ang II influences cardiovascular homeostasis by regulating vagal activity. The inhibitory effect on cardiac vagal tone by RAAS and the impact of Ang II on arterial baroreflex function are important areas of research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bastiaan J. D. Boukens, Michael Dacey, Veronique M. F. Meijborg, Michiel J. Janse, Joseph Hadaya, Peter Hanna, M. Amer Swid, Tobias Opthof, Jeffrey L. Ardell, Kalyanam Shivkumar, Ruben Coronel
Summary: Enhanced sympathetic activity during acute ischemia causes arrhythmias, with a mechanism involving a diastolic current flowing from the ischemic to non-ischemic myocardium. Stimulation of the left stellate ganglion shortens repolarization in non-ischemic myocardium, leading to more negative T waves in the ischemic zone and ventricular premature beats from normal tissue nearby.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Mailen L. Gonzalez, Sofia M. Pividori, Gregorio Fosser, Agustina A. Pontecorvo, Verena B. Franco-Riveros, Richard Shane Tubbs, Andre P. Boezaart, Miguel A. Reina, Bruno Buchholz
Summary: Current advances in management of the cardiac neuroaxis in different cardiovascular diseases require a deeper knowledge of cardiac neuroanatomy. The aim of the study was to increase knowledge of the human fetal extrinsic cardiac nervous system. The origin, frequency, and connections of the cardiac nerves and branches are highly variable in the fetus. Detailed knowledge of the normal neuroanatomy of the heart could be useful during cardiac neuromodulation procedures and in better understanding nervous pathologies of the heart.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Guenaelle Lizot, Come Pasqualin, Audrey Tissot, Stephane Pages, Jean-Francois Faivre, Aurelien Chatelier
Summary: This study provides a characterization of the mouse ICNS in terms of phenotype, electrophysiology, and pharmacology. It reveals the neurochemical diversity of this network and identifies different neuronal populations based on their electrical behavior.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ekrem Yasa, Theodoros Intzilakis, Fabrizio Ricci, Olle Melander, Viktor Hamrefors, Richard Sutton, Artur Fedorowski
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the outcomes of primary vs. delayed implantable cardiac monitors (ILR) implantation after an initial syncope evaluation. The study found that primary ILR implantation was associated with more positive results from cardiovascular autonomic testing (CAT) compared to delayed ILR implantation. However, there were no differences between the two groups in terms of negative ILR monitoring and pacemaker implantations.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Yi-Chia Shan, Wei Fang, Jih-Huah Wu
Summary: A feasible and integrated system was proposed to measure and affect the autonomic nervous system (ANS) status. The test results show that stimulating the Neiguan (PC6) acupoint can inhibit the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), while stimulating the Shenmen (HT7) acupoint can activate the SNS.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Moon Haeng Hur, Woojin Song, Deok-Hyeon Cheon, Young Chang, Young Youn Cho, Yun Bin Lee, Su Jong Yu, Yoon Jun Kim, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Hyung Jin Choi, Cherl NamKoong, Jeong-Hoon Lee
Summary: This study investigated the role of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) using chemogenetics. The results showed that activation of the PNS significantly reduced hepatic fat accumulation and inflammation, indicating the pivotal role of the hepatic PNS in the pathogenesis of NASH.
