Article
Environmental Sciences
Gabrielle P. Black, Emily E. Woodward, Corey J. Sanders, Michael S. Gross, Michelle L. Hladik
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an automated extraction system for pesticide analyses in solid environmental samples. An Energized Dispersive Guided Extraction (EDGE) system was used to optimize the extraction of 210 pesticides and pesticide transformation products. The method showed comparable performance to the previously validated pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method with slightly better sensitivities.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Chubin Zhang, Leon Barron, Stephen Sturzenbaum
Summary: The increase of pharmaceuticals in soils poses a threat to soil dwelling organisms, plants, and food webs, but the knowledge about their impacts on soils is limited. Further research on the adsorption, degradation, and accumulation behaviors of pharmaceuticals in soils is essential to enhance our understanding and management strategies.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yan Chen, Enguang Nie, Xinqiang Zheng, Qingfu Ye, Hui Li, Haiyan Wang
Summary: This study found that caffeine was absorbed by Chinese flowering cabbage and water spinach, with most activity accumulated in the bottom leaves. At the subcellular level, 14C-activity was mainly distributed in the organelles in root and stem cells. The metabolism of caffeine was investigated, showing that it underwent demethylation and mineralization to release CO2.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chang Shu, Teng-Fei Li, Duo Li, Zhong-Qiu Li, Xing-Hua Xia
Summary: Pomalidomide, an IMiD approved by the FDA for multiple myeloma treatment, was quantified in human plasma using a validated LC-MS/MS method. The method was successfully applied to clinical pharmacokinetic studies with positive results.
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Andisiwe Malo, Tracy Kellermann, Elisa H. Ignatius, Kelly E. Dooley, Rodney Dawson, Anton Joubert, Jennifer Norman, Sandra Castel, Lubbe Wiesner
Summary: A method for the extraction and quantification of pretomanid in human plasma using LC-MS/MS was developed and validated. The method showed good performance in accuracy, precision, selectivity, sensitivity, recovery and stability, and was specific for pretomanid.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xiaofei Wang, Xiaojuan Wang, Tongkai Cai, Yulin Qin, Ling Li, Yuanying Jiang, Bing Han, Yongbing Cao
Summary: In this study, a simple and sensitive liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to quantify the intracellular fluconazole (FLC) content in the opportunistic human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. The method was found to be accurate, efficient, and reproducible, and was successfully validated in 36 clinical isolated strains.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marjeta Mencin, Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek, Robert Veberic, Petra Terpinc
Summary: A solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique was developed and optimised for isolation and concentration of extractable and bound phenolic acids from germinated spelt seeds, for analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The study found that this method has significant advantages over traditional liquid-liquid extraction in terms of higher extraction efficiencies and can be used for quantitative analysis of extractable and bound phenolic acids.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mihai Victor Curtasu, Natalja P. Norskov
Summary: The present work aims to develop a high-yield extraction procedure combined with a robust, sensitive, and fast LC-MS/MS method for quantifying flavonoids and salicylic acid in Willow bark. The research investigates the effect of freeze and oven-drying procedures and five extraction solvents on the yield of individual flavonoids and salicylic acid. The freeze-drying procedure is the best for preserving monomeric and polymeric flavan-3-ols, while the best extraction solvent is methanol acidified with 1% hydrochloric acid.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rico Schwarz, Anna Richter, Elisabeth R. D. Ito, Hugo Murua Escobar, Christian Junghanss, Burkhard Hinz
Summary: Silmitasertib is a drug currently being investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of various cancers. It inhibits CK2 protein kinase, which has proliferation-promoting and anti-apoptotic effects on cancer cells. Researchers have developed an LC-MS/MS method for quantifying silmitasertib in human plasma.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rico Schwarz, Elisabeth R. D. Seiler, Sina Sender, Anahit Pews-Davtyan, Hugo Murua Escobar, Dietmar Zechner, Matthias Beller, Christian Junghanss, Burkhard Hinz
Summary: A sensitive LC-MS/MS method for quantification of the potential anticancer drug PDA-66 in human plasma is presented. This method can be used for monitoring anticancer drug treatment and has been tested in mouse plasma and sera.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Gregory, Scott G. G. Denham, Patricia Lee, Joanna P. P. Simpson, Natalie Z. M. Homer
Summary: This paper describes the application of an LC-MS/MS steroid analysis method to evaluate the reference ranges of steroids in saliva samples from older adults, and explores the correlation and sex differences of steroids in saliva.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Matteo Perra, Francisco-Javier Leyva-Jimenez, Maria Letizia Manca, Maria Manconi, Hiba N. Rajha, Isabel Borras-Linares, Antonio Segura-Carretero, Jesus Lozano-Sanchez
Summary: The aim of this study was to optimize the recovery of phenolic compounds from Cannonau grape pomaces using Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a Central Composite Design 23 model was used to perform PLE experiments. The results showed that the optimum values for phenolics extraction were 130 degrees C, 55% ethanol, and 22 min. The proposed experimental model proved to be a valuable alternative method for the extraction of bioactive compounds from wine-making by-products.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jianjun Zhou, Min Wang, Houda Berrada, Zhenzhou Zhu, Nabil Grimi, Francisco J. Barba
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of different processes (PEF, PLE, and PEF + PLE) on the yield of antioxidant compounds from Spirulina. The results show that PEF + PLE significantly improves the extraction yield and increases the protein, polyphenol, chlorophyll a, and antioxidant capacity values of Spirulina extracts.
INNOVATIVE FOOD SCIENCE & EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bimal Chitrakar, Yakun Hou, Sakamon Devahastin, Min Zhang, Yaxin Sang
Summary: This study investigated the valorization of asparagus leafy by-products as a potential source of rutin through selected extraction and purification protocols. The protocol resulting in the highest extraction yield was chosen, followed by purification via multiple liquid-liquid back extraction using ethanol, methanol, or water. The proposed purification protocol yielded yellow-color crystals, confirmed as rutin through characterization techniques. The purity of the rutin was determined to be 97.6% by ultra-performance liquid chromatography, with a yield of 78.2%. The remaining rutin (21.8%) was found in the collected liquids, which can be recycled using the same purification process. These protocols offer a simple and effective method for rutin extraction and purification from asparagus leafy by-products.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jakub Czarny, Jadwiga Musial, Jolanta Powierska-Czarny, Natalia Galant, Michal Raczkowski, Boguslaw Buszewski, Renata Gadzala-Kopciuch
Summary: The development of the black market and the increase in psychoactive substances require the development of effective analytical methods to prevent poisoning and deaths. The study aimed to develop a method for the identification of over 500 psychoactive substances in blood samples.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Kai Zhang, Amir Hossein Hamidian, Aleksandra Tubic, Yu Zhang, James K. H. Fang, Chenxi Wu, Paul K. S. Lam
Summary: Plastic waste pollution is a global issue that poses a potential threat to ecosystems and human health, but knowledge on plastic environmental degradation and microplastic formation is still limited. Future research should further study the key factors influencing plastic degradation to predict the fate of plastics in different environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yuan Liu, Kai Zhang, Shaopeng Xu, Meng Yan, Danyang Tao, Luoluo Chen, Yong Wei, Chenxi Wu, Guijian Liu, Paul K. S. Lam
Summary: In this study, the adsorption mechanisms and composite risks of heavy metals adhered to microplastic surfaces were investigated. The results showed that heavy metals in the plastisphere were influenced by the surrounding matrices and some heavy metals were positively correlated with the specific surface area of the microplastics. Cluster analysis indicated that some heavy metals were derived from anthropogenic sources, suggesting that plastics can adsorb adventive heavy metals. A new composite risk assessment method for heavy metals and microplastics was also established.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yong Wan, Xin Chen, Qian Liu, Hongjuan Hu, Chenxi Wu, Qiang Xue
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of microplastic pollution in an informal landfill in South China. The results indicate that a large amount of microplastics are present in the landfill refuse and underlying soil, with most of them being fibrous, small sized, and transparent. The microplastics detected in the landfill leachate and groundwater are even smaller and more diverse in polymer types. The study demonstrates that microplastics from informal landfills can leak out to the surrounding environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Optics
Amos Egel, Krzysztof M. Czajkowski, Dominik Theobald, Konstantin Ladutenko, Alexey S. Kuznetsov, Lorenzo Pattelli
Summary: SMUTHI is a Python package for the efficient and accurate simulation of electromagnetic scattering by wavelength-scale objects in planarly layered media. It combines theoretical concepts and features to study a variety of materials and structures.
JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
William P. Dempsey, Zhuowei Du, Anna Nadtochiy, Colton D. Smith, Karl Czajkowski, Andrey Andreev, Drew N. Robson, Jennifer M. Li, Serina Applebaum, Thai Truong, Carl Kesselman, Scott E. Fraser, Don B. Arnold
Summary: Defining the structural and functional changes in the nervous system underlying learning and memory is a challenge in neuroscience. This study used microscopy to image synapses in the midlarval zebrafish brain and found changes in synapse numbers during associative memory formation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shaopeng Xu, Luoluo Chen, Kai Zhang, Yaru Cao, Yue Ma, Hoi Shan Chau, Danyang Tao, Chenxi Wu, Chengtao Li, Paul K. S. Lam
Summary: Microplastics (MPs) have been found to be widely present in the northern South China Sea, with polyethylene terephthalate fibers being the dominant polymer. Although the abundance of MPs in the South China Sea is relatively high, it is lower compared to other Chinese coastal areas. There was no statistically significant correlation between the abundances of MPs in seawater and sediment, and the distribution of MPs in surface water influenced by monsoons showed higher abundance in the east and lower in the west.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiong Xiong, Tyler H. Tappenbeck, Chenxi Wu, James J. Elser
Summary: The study assessed the presence of microplastics in Flathead Lake and found that the concentrations were similar to other lakes in less populated areas worldwide. The research also suggested that precipitation might enhance the deposition of microplastics.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Malgorzata Golub, Nikaan Koupaei-Abyazani, Timo Vesala, Ivan Mammarella, Anne Ojala, Gil Bohrer, Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer, Peter D. Blanken, Werner Eugster, Franziska Koebsch, Jiquan Chen, Kevin Czajkowski, Chandrashekhar Deshmukh, Frederic Guerin, Jouni Heiskanen, Elyn Humphreys, Anders Jonsson, Jan Karlsson, George Kling, Xuhui Lee, Heping Liu, Annalea Lohila, Erik Lundin, Tim Morin, Eva Podgrajsek, Maria Provenzale, Anna Rutgersson, Torsten Sachs, Erik Sahlee, Dominique Serca, Changliang Shao, Christopher Spence, Ian B. Strachan, Wei Xiao, Ankur R. Desai
Summary: This study synthesizes 171 site-months of CO2 flux measurements from 13 lakes and reservoirs in the Northern Hemisphere. It finds pronounced sub-annual variability in CO2 flux with nighttime emissions exceeding daytime emissions. The study highlights the importance of continuous measurements and better characterization of short- and long-term variability for accurate carbon budgeting.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shenghua Hu, Xiaofei Chen, Xiaolong Huang, Chenxi Wu
Summary: Degradation of lake ecosystem is a common issue worldwide, and it is crucial to remediate degraded lakes to ensure water safety and ecosystem health. Restoring submerged macrophyte has been recognized as an important measure, but its contribution to overall ecological remediation is limited. Fish manipulation, which can improve water quality and promote submerged macrophyte restoration, is often overlooked in ecological remediation projects. Future studies should focus on understanding the role of fish in lake nutrient cycle and their impact on submerged macrophyte, in order to guide fish manipulation for effective remediation of shallow lakes. It is suggested that fish manipulation measures should be considered in more ecological remediation projects globally.
Article
Education & Educational Research
M. Beth Schlemper, Sujata Shetty, Owusua Yamoah, Kevin Czajkowski, Victoria Stewart
Summary: This study examines the effects of a culturally responsive teaching approach and a critical geography perspective on youth's spatial narratives and spatial justice.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Yuling Chen, Ming Duan, Xiangrong Xu, Chenxi Wu
Summary: Microplastics, as emerging contaminants, exhibit different composition features in the environment. The influence of polymer types on their toxicity remains unclear, affecting the evaluation of their toxicity and ecological risks. This study investigated the toxic effects of microplastics with different polymer types on zebrafish through acute embryo and chronic larvae tests. The results showed that microplastics had negligible toxicity at environmental relevant concentrations, but had similar toxic effects as SiO2 at high concentrations.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jia Jia, Qian Liu, Chenxi Wu
Summary: This study found that bacteria from different sources, polylactic acid microplastics, and florfenicol had positive effects on the growth of C. pyrenoidosa and increased its chlorophyll content. The presence of these bacteria in the phycosphere was significantly influenced by their sources and the addition of polylactic acid microplastics and florfenicol. Moreover, polylactic acid microplastics and florfenicol also promoted the abundance of phenicol-related antibiotic resistance genes in the phycosphere, indicating that exogenous pollutants can facilitate the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xin Chen, Yong Wan, Jia Jia, Xue Qiang, Chenxi Wu
Summary: The contamination of groundwater by microplastics has gained attention due to its potential risks, but the migration behavior of microplastics in groundwater can be influenced by various factors, such as size, shape, and type.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Salaha Uddin, Kevin P. Czajkowski
Summary: Spatially continuous observed atmospheric CO2 is crucial for validating emission inventory and measuring policy effectiveness. This study presents a methodological approach that interpolates satellite-based observed XCO2 data to overcome the current limitations. The results show that the Spline method performs better in a wider spatial extent, while the OK method explains ground-based station data more effectively.
JOURNAL OF GEOVISUALIZATION AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Maria Bancerek, Krzysztof M. Czajkowski, Olga Kochanowska, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz
Summary: High index dielectric (HID) metasurfaces are highly attractive in nanophotonics due to their tunable optical response, low material losses, and potential compatibility with CMOS technology. This study discusses the factors governing the spectral response and sensitivity of HID particles to environmental changes, focusing on aspects such as antenna aspect ratio, substrate interaction, and interparticle coupling in amorphous metasurfaces. The research aims to understand how these effects influence HID sensor sensitivity and how to optimize the design of sensitive devices by combining different geometrical aspects.
METAMATERIALS XIII
(2021)