Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beata Franczyk, Anna Gluba-Brzozka, Aleksandra Cialkowska-Rysz, Janusz Lawinski, Jacek Rysz
Summary: High-density lipoproteins (HDL) make up about 25-30% of the proteins involved in lipid transport in the bloodstream. Recent evidence suggests that the quality of HDL particles, rather than their quantity, is more important. HDL functionality is determined by factors such as shape, size, protein and lipid composition, and it affects cholesterol efflux, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory properties, and antithrombotic effects. Studies have shown that aerobic exercise can increase HDL cholesterol levels while decreasing LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Exercise also improves the maturation, composition, and functionality of HDL particles. This review aims to evaluate the impact of different types of aerobic exercise on HDL level and quality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anand Rohatgi, Marit Westerterp, Arnold von Eckardstein, Alan Remaley, Kerry-Anne Rye
Summary: Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is associated with adverse lifestyle choices, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disorders, and other conditions. Therapeutic strategies targeting HDL-C levels have not been successful, and future focus should be on optimizing HDL function for better outcomes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Knut Tore Lappegard, Christian Abendstein Kjellmo, Anders Hovland
Summary: HDL is a diverse group of plasma molecules with varying lipid content and protein composition. Understanding the function of specific HDL subgroups and their clinical relevance is of increasing interest in relation to coronary heart disease risk. Pharmacologically manipulating beneficial and harmful HDL subgroups may potentially reduce CHD risk in the future.
Review
Cell Biology
Manuela Casula, Ornella Colpani, Sining Xie, Alberico L. Catapano, Andrea Baragetti
Summary: Recent studies on the role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in cardiovascular disease have found a complex U-shaped relationship between HDL levels and cardiovascular mortality risk. Additionally, genetic studies, Mendelian randomization approaches, and clinical trials have challenged the traditional notion of a causal link between HDL-C levels and cardiovascular protection.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yongzheng Lu, Xiaolin Cui, Li Zhang, Xu Wang, Yanyan Xu, Zhen Qin, Gangqiong Liu, Qiguang Wang, Kang Tian, Khoon S. Lim, Chris J. Charles, Jinying Zhang, Junnan Tang
Summary: Dyslipidemia increases the risk of atherosclerosis, and lipoproteins play a significant role in its development. Understanding lipoprotein function can help predict risk and provide novel treatment approaches for atherosclerosis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eleni Papadopoulou, Alina Nicolescu, Line S. Haug, Trine Hus, Calin Deleanu, Hubert Dirven, Birgitte Lindeman
Summary: This study explores the association between serum PFAS concentrations and lipoprotein subclasses. After adjusting for confounders, the adjusted models found positive associations between several PFASs and cholesterol concentrations in large to medium sized HDL and medium sized LDL particles. Significant associations were observed between certain PFASs and cholesterol in large to medium LDL particle sizes among women. The study also found that most PFASs tended to be associated with a reduction in VLDL particle number and VLDL triglyceride.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
MacRae F. Linton, Patricia G. Yancey, Huan Tao, Sean S. Davies
Summary: Epidemiologic studies have shown that HDL-C levels are inversely related to ASCVD, suggesting that HDL-C is a major risk factor for ASCVD. However, clinical trials have questioned the role of HDL-C in mediating ASCVD risk. Progress in understanding the composition of HDL particles has revealed that HDL-C levels do not necessarily reflect HDL function. HDL has been found to have antiatherogenic functions, such as reverse cholesterol transport and suppression of inflammation, but its oxidative modifications can lead to dysfunction and inflammation.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christine Bobin-Dubigeon, Hassan Nazih, Valentin Blanchard, Mikael Croyal, Jean-Marie Bard
Summary: This study evaluates the significance of measuring circulating lipoprotein apolipoproteins in breast cancer. The concentrations of apolipoproteins in plasma and various lipoproteins were determined, and the findings indicate a connection between the distribution of exchangeable apolipoproteins and the severity of breast cancer.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho
Summary: This article summarizes the changes in the quantity, quality, and functionality of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in the context of health and disease, and discusses their potential role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Jing Liu, Baiba K. Gillard, Dedipya Yelamanchili, Antonio M. Gotto, Corina Rosales, Henry J. Pownall
Summary: Mice lacking the HDL receptor Scarb1 exhibit increased bioavailability of FC in HDL, leading to elevated FC content in multiple tissue sites associated with female infertility, impaired cell maturation, cardiac dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. Sex-dependent differences in tissue-lipid composition and plasma FC clearance rates were also observed. Higher HDL-FC bioavailability may serve as a potential biomarker mechanistically linked to various pathologies.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kwok-Leung Ong, Blake J. Cochran, Bikash Manandhar, Shane Thomas, Kerry-Anne Rye
Summary: This article discusses the regulation of the biogenesis of discoidal and spherical HDLs and the mechanistic basis of their size and compositional heterogeneity. It also addresses the current understanding of the impact of HDLs of varying size and composition on the therapeutic potential in several disease states.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Manja Koch, Sarah A. Aroner, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, W. T. Jr Jr Longstreth, Jeremy D. Furtado, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Majken K. Jensen
Summary: This study found that specific subtypes of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were associated with the risk of vascular brain injury. Specifically, higher levels of apolipoprotein (apo) A1 and lower levels of apoE in certain HDL subspecies were related to a lower risk of covert infarcts. Conversely, higher levels of apoE in specific HDL subspecies were associated with a higher risk of covert infarcts. However, the concentrations of apoA1 and apoE in other HDL subspecies that contained apoC3 or apoJ were not associated with covert infarcts.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Takao Hoshino, Kentaro Ishizuka, Sono Toi, Takafumi Mizuno, Ayako Nishimura, Shuntaro Takahashi, Sho Wako, Kazuo Kitagawa
Summary: This study found a close association between atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) and residual vascular risk in stroke patients. Patients with AD were more likely to have intracranial artery stenosis and had a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and ischemic stroke within 1 year. AD was predictive of major adverse cardiovascular events regardless of baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.
Article
Hematology
Vishal Kothari, Jingjing Tang, Yi He, Farah Kramer, Jenny E. Kanter, Karin E. Bornfeldt
Summary: The study reveals a crucial role for ADAM17 in regulating the anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory effects of HDL in macrophages, as cholesterol enrichment in ADAM17-deficient macrophages can prevent inflammatory responses induced by HDL. This highlights the importance of ADAM17 in maintaining cholesterol efflux in macrophages and modulating their immune functions.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Mads Harslof, Kasper M. Pedersen, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Shoaib Afzal
Summary: Using a Mendelian randomization approach, this study found that low HDL cholesterol is associated with high white blood cell counts, providing evidence for a potential causal relationship.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christian Schoene, Anja Poehlein, Nico Jehmlich, Norman Adlung, Rolf Daniel, Martin von Bergen, Silvan Scheller, Michael Rother
Summary: The study converted a methanogen into an acetogen and showed that Methanosarcina acetivorans can completely abandon methanogenesis for energy conservation. The results revealed that the metabolic flexibility of methanogenic archaea might be much greater than currently known.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Beate Kraft, Nico Jehmlich, Morten Larsen, Laura A. Bristow, Martin Konneke, Bo Thamdrup, Donald E. Canfield
Summary: A study shows that ammonia-oxidizing archaea in the ocean are capable of producing nitrous oxide and oxygen after oxygen depletion, indicating a reevaluation of their role in oxygen-depleted environments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Oscar Puiggene, Maria Jose Cardenas Espinosa, Dietmar Schlosser, Stephan Thies, Nico Jehmlich, Uwe Kappelmeyer, Stephan Schreiber, Daniel Wibberg, Joern Kalinowski, Hauke Harms, Hermann J. Heipieper, Christian Eberlein
Summary: A strain of Pseudomonas capeferrum TDA1, isolated from a plastic dump site, has been found to possess the ability to degrade polyurethane (PU) compounds. The degradation pathway and mechanisms for PU degradation in this organism have been further explored.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Christian Jacoby, Christa Ebenau-Jehle, Katharina Saum, Nico Jehmlich, Martin von Bergen, Thomas Bruls, Matthias Boll
Summary: This study investigated the degradation pathway of the quaternary carbon-containing model compound pivalate in the denitrifying bacterium Thauera humireducens strain PIV-1, providing insights into the activation and carbon skeleton rearrangement processes. The results highlight the potential for biodegradation of similar quaternary carbon-containing compounds based on the identified gene clusters and enzymatic activities.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lydia Kipping, Martin M. Gossner, Matthias Koschorreck, Sarah Muszynski, Florian Maurer, Wolfgang W. Weisser, Nico Jehmlich, Matthias Noll
Summary: Deadwood is a crucial part of the global carbon cycle and its decomposition releases CO2 and CH4 into the atmosphere. However, the main factors driving these greenhouse gas emissions from deadwood are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the drivers of CO2 and CH4 emission rates from deadwood specimens of different tree species exposed in forest and grassland habitats. We found that tree species identity, habitat type, management intensity, wood traits, and climate variables all play a role in determining emission rates.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lei Zhang, Marina Toplak, Raspudin Saleem-Batcha, Lars Hoeing, Roman Jakob, Nico Jehmlich, Martin von Bergen, Timm Maier, Robin Teufel
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat to human health, and understanding the underlying mechanisms is crucial. This study discovered and characterized oxidoreductases that inactivate the broad-spectrum antibiotic chloramphenicol through dual oxidation of the C3-hydroxyl group. These enzymes also enable the inactivation of related compounds but not the fluorinated derivative. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that distinct isofunctional enzymes evolved independently in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Mechanistic and structural studies provide insights into the catalytic mechanisms of these enzymes, which have both negative and positive impacts on antibiotic resistance and chloramphenicol bioremediation.
Article
Ecology
Nelson Khan, Edward Muge, Francis J. Mulaa, Benson Wamalwa, Martin von Bergen, Nico Jehmlich, Lukas Y. Wick
Summary: Fungi play a crucial role in the biodegradation of soil organochlorine pesticides by facilitating bacterial dispersal and nutrient release. Experimental results indicate that the transfer of nutrients from fungi to bacteria can enhance the degradation of organic pollutants, highlighting the importance of fungal-bacterial interactions.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alissa Brauneck, Louisa Schmalhorst, Mohammad Mahdi Kazemi Majdabadi, Mohammad Bakhtiari, Uwe Voelker, Jan Baumbach, Linda Baumbach, Gabriele Buchholtz
Summary: This article summarizes the legal questions and concerns related to federated learning (FL) systems in medical research. The study found that FL can meet the legal requirements of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by combining secure multiparty computation (SMPC) and differential privacy (DP) as privacy-enhancing technologies, providing a secure technical solution.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Anja Bernhardt, Anna Krause, Charlotte Reichardt, Hannes Steffen, Berend Isermann, Uwe Voelker, Elke Hammer, Robert Geffers, Lars Philipsen, Kristin Dhjamandi, Sohail Ahmad, Sabine Brandt, Jonathan A. Lindquist, Peter R. Mertens
Summary: This study found that high-salt diet promotes progressive kidney fibrosis with premature cell aging, ECM deposition, and immune cell recruitment. In a murine model lacking cold shock Y-box binding protein (YB-1), these changes were exacerbated.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simone Venz, Viola von Bohlen Und Halbach, Christian Hentschker, Heike Junker, Andreas Walter Kuss, Thomas Sura, Elke Krueger, Uwe Voelker, Oliver von Bohlen Und Halbach, Lars Riff Jensen, Elke Hammer
Summary: A workflow for tandem mass spectrometry-based protein profiling of immunohistochemistry specimens was established and applied to tissue sections. The CA1 region of the hippocampus was investigated using protein extraction and digestion methods followed by mass spectrometry measurement and data analysis. Literature searches and Gene Ontology annotation verified the applicability of this method for global protein profiling using formalin-fixed and embedded material and previously used immunohistochemistry slides.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Markus Krueger, Narendrakumar Chaudhari, Bo Thamdrup, Will A. Overholt, Laura A. Bristow, Martin Taubert, Kirsten Kuesel, Nico Jehmlich, Martin von Bergen, Martina Herrmann
Summary: The study reveals that complete ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (CMX) of the genus Nitrospira have a competitive advantage over ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) in oligotrophic carbonate rock aquifers, due to their ecophysiological characteristics and wide occurrence in groundwater. However, their specific contribution to nitrification processes has been unclear. The research aimed to unravel the contribution of CMX, AOA, and AOB to nitrification and identify the environmental drivers of their niche differentiation in oligotrophic carbonate rock aquifers.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Beatrix M. Heinze, Kirsten Kuesel, Nico Jehmlich, Martin von Bergen, Martin Taubert
Summary: High rates of CO2 fixation and the genetic potential of various groundwater microbes for autotrophic activity have shown that primary production is an important source of organic C in groundwater ecosystems. However, the contribution of specific chemolithoautotrophic groups such as S-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) to groundwater primary production and their adaptation strategies remain largely unknown.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ana Ramos-Nascimento, Lucia Grenga, Sven-Bastiaan Haange, Alexandra Himmelmann, Franca Sabine Arndt, Yen-Tran Ly, Guylaine Miotello, Olivier Pible, Nico Jehmlich, Beatrice Engelmann, Martin von Bergen, Edwin Mulder, Petra Frings-Meuthen, Christine Elisabeth Hellweg, Jens Jordan, Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk, Jean Armengaud, Ralf Moeller
Summary: The AGBRESA study examined the effect of simulated weightlessness on the human body and explored the potential benefits of artificial gravity. The study found that simulated microgravity had a mild impact on the gut microbiome, but countermeasure protocols increased the abundance of beneficial short-chain fatty acids. Monitoring the gut microbiome and metabolite profiling can provide valuable information about health disturbances and the outcome of countermeasure protocols.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Amit Fenn, Olga Tsoy, Tim Faro, Fanny L. M. Roessler, Alexander Dietrich, Johannes Kersting, Zakaria Louadi, Chit Tong Lio, Uwe Voelker, Jan Baumbach, Tim Kacprowski, Markus List
Summary: Alternative splicing is a diverse phenomenon in transcriptome and proteome, and various tools have been developed to study it. However, previous benchmarks focused on certain aspects and neglected event detection tools. This study presents a comprehensive framework called DICAST, which integrates multiple mapping and event detection tools for alternative splicing analysis. The performance of different tools was evaluated on simulated and real RNA-seq data, and STAR and HISAT2 were identified as the most balanced tools. Furthermore, the study proposes a reporting standard to unify formats and guide future tool development.
NAR GENOMICS AND BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ingrid E. Meyer Cifuentes, Julius Degenhardt, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Nico Jehmlich, David Kamanda Ngugi, Basak Oeztuerk
Summary: This study investigates the degradation of biodegradable plastics in the aquatic environment and demonstrates the role of microbial communities in this process. The researchers found that the type of polymer determines the community structure and degradation capability, with different polymers resulting in different levels of diversity and degradation activity. The study also identified three enzymes capable of degrading a range of biodegradable polymers, which could have potential biotechnological applications.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
