Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weibei Sheng, Qichang Wang, Haotian Qin, Siyang Cao, Yihao Wei, Jian Weng, Fei Yu, Hui Zeng
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that is exacerbated by population aging, resulting in a significant economic burden. Current therapies are inadequate, but research on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) shows promise in slowing OA progression. PPARs have emerged as potential targets for effective OA treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lin Peng, Huixia Yang, Yao Ye, Zhi Ma, Christina Kuhn, Martina Rahmeh, Sven Mahner, Antonis Makrigiannakis, Udo Jeschke, Viktoria von Schonfeldt
Summary: PPARs play vital roles in pregnancy, and dysfunctions of PPARs may lead to various related pregnancy diseases such as recurrent miscarriage and preeclampsia. This review discusses the impact of regulating PPARs on trophoblast physiological conditions and explores the underlying mechanisms of PPARs in controlling pregnancy-related processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuliana Muzio, Giuseppina Barrera, Stefania Pizzimenti
Summary: PPARs, belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, play important roles in regulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms, as well as various cell functions and physiological processes. Their ability to modulate antioxidant genes expression and inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators synthesis makes them key regulators in cellular response against oxidative stress.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dan Li, Huijuan Ma, Qi Shu, Tingqian Wang, Linyi Li, Ping Huang, Kaiyan Lou, Huan Xu
Summary: The study found that arsenite (As+3) inhibits M2a cell polarization by suppressing PPAR-gamma and leads to lipid accumulation. Rosiglitazone (RSG) can alleviate the inhibitory effects of As+3 on PPAR-gamma and M2a cell polarization.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yutaro Tobita, Takeshi Arima, Yuji Nakano, Masaaki Uchiyama, Akira Shimizu, Hiroshi Takahashi
Summary: The study found that each subtype-selective PPAR agonist accelerated corneal epithelial healing by promoting proliferative capacity and inhibiting inflammation.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bianca Seminotti, Mateus Grings, Jerry Vockley, Guilhian Leipnitz
Summary: Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are genetic disorders that disrupt specific metabolic pathways, leading to biochemical, clinical, and pathophysiological consequences. Secondary mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly oxidative phosphorylation impairment and elevated reactive oxygen species, has been found to play a crucial role in many of these disorders. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a group of nuclear hormone receptors, regulate various cellular functions and processes, including oxidative stress response, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Activation of PPARs has shown to improve oxidative phosphorylation and reduce reactive species levels, making pharmacological treatment with PPAR activators a promising approach for IMDs. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical data on the effects of PPARs in IMDs.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Xiang-Yu Wu, Li Nie, Xin-Jiang Lu, Chen-Jie Fei, Jiong Chen
Summary: In this study, the role of PPAR gamma in immune regulation in teleost fish was investigated. Results showed that the expression of LcPPAR gamma changed during infection and DHA treatment, and was associated with the expression of immune-related genes.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shi Fang, M. Christine Livergood, Pablo Nakagawa, Jing Wu, Curt D. Sigmund
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms by which nuclear receptors mediate transcriptional responses, with a specific emphasis on the role of PPARγ in regulating blood pressure. Genetic and clinical trial data demonstrate the importance of PPARγ in hypertension, and the tissue- and cell-specific molecular mechanisms by which PPARs modulate blood pressure and related phenotypes are detailed. The role of placental PPARs in preeclampsia is also discussed, along with future research directions and implications for novel therapies.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Haoyang Zou, Yiyao Gong, Haiqing Ye, Cuiping Yuan, Tiezhu Li, Jie Zhang, Li Ren
Summary: This study summarizes the physiological importance and clinical significance of PPARs and reviews the experimental evidence that natural products mediate metabolic syndrome via PPARs. The majority of currently described natural compounds are mild PPAR-selective agonists with therapeutic effects that are equivalent to synthetic medicines but less harmful adverse effects. Conclusion: PPAR agonists can be combined with natural products to treat and prevent metabolic syndrome.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jianjun Gao, Zhaoyan Gu
Summary: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a type of ligand-activated transcription factor, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney disease and could serve as potential therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Florian Nima Fleckenstein, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Preeclampsia is a common hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, and PPARs play a significant role in its pathophysiology. Studies have shown contradictory conclusions regarding PPAR expression in preeclamptic placentae, but PPAR gamma agonists have been identified as a novel and potent anti-preeclamptic treatment option.
Article
Immunology
Sara Francisco, Alicia Arranz, Javier Merino, Carmen Punzon, Rosario Perona, Manuel Fresno
Summary: The study found that TLR2 ligands activate MAPKs p38 and ERK earlier in macrophages, leading to higher levels of IL-10/IL-12 and IL-10/TNF-alpha ratios compared to TLR4 ligand LPS. Early TLR2-mediated p38 induction contributes to high IL-10 production, likely suppressing host Th1 response against certain pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ya-Di Zhu, Xiao-Qing Guan, Jing Chen, Sheng Peng, Moshe Finel, Ying-Yuan Zhao, Rui-Min Wang, Hui-Chang Bi, Ming Lei, Dan-Dan Wang, Guang-Bo Ge
Summary: NBIF is identified as a potent natural inducer of UGT1A1, mainly activating and up-regulating PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma to induce UGT1A1 expression. This finding suggests that NBIF could be a promising lead compound for the development of more efficacious UGT1A1 inducers to treat hyperbilirubinaemia and UGT1A1-associated drug toxicities.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Constantinos Troungos, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the female genital tract in the United States. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptor proteins which regulate gene expression. In our literature review of 27 relevant studies published between 2000 and 2023, it was found that PPAR alpha and PPAR beta/delta isoforms were upregulated in endometrial cancer cells, while PPAR gamma levels were significantly lower. Interestingly, PPAR agonists were found to be potent anti-cancer therapeutic alternatives. Overall, PPARs seem to play a significant role in endometrial cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Paulina Escandon, Brenda Vasini, Amy E. Whelchel, Sarah E. Nicholas, H. Greg Matlock, Jian-Xing Ma, Dimitrios Karamichos
Summary: PPARs are a family of nuclear receptors that play essential roles in modulating cell differentiation, inflammation, and metabolism, and have been linked to various eye diseases. Studies have shown different subtypes of PPARs have varying effects on ocular homeostasis and potential therapeutic implications for eye diseases, highlighting the need for further research on their role in ocular pathologies.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Saravana Kanagavelu, Claudia Flores, J. M. Termini, Laura Romero, Reldy Riveron, Jose Ruiz, Moshe Arditi, Kurt Schesser, Masayuki Fukata
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2015)
Article
Cell Biology
Radia Forteza, Yolanda Figueroa, Anastasia Mashukova, Vipin Dulam, Pedro J. Salas
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2016)
Article
Immunology
Jose Ruiz, Saravana Kanagavelu, Claudia Flores, Laura Romero, Reldy Riveron, David Q. Shih, Masayuki Fukata
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dmitri Kravtsov, Anastasia Mashukova, Radia Forteza, Maria M. Rodriguez, Nadia A. Ameen, Pedro J. Salas
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Cell Biology
Anastasia Mashukova, Zhanna Kozhekbaeva, Radia Forteza, Vipin Dulam, Yolanda Figueroa, Robert Warren, Pedro J. Salas
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Immunology
S. Kanagavelu, C. Flores, J. M. Termini, R. Riveron, L. Romero, K. Chung, J. Ruiz, J. Hyun, X. Yuan, J. Dagvadorj, M. Fukata
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rebeca Santaolalla, Daniel A. Sussman, Jose R. Ruiz, Julie M. Davies, Cristhine Pastorini, Cecilia L. Espana, John Sotolongo, Oname Burlingame, Pablo A. Bejarano, Sakhi Philip, Mansoor M. Ahmed, Jeffrey Ko, Ramanarao Dirisina, Terrence A. Barrett, Limin Shang, Sergio A. Lira, Masayuki Fukata, Maria T. Abreu
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Md Kaimul Ahsan, Leandra Figueroa-Hall, Vanessa Baratta, Rolando Garcia-Milian, TuKiet T. Lam, Kazi Hoque, Pedro J. Salas, Nadia A. Ameen
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Anastasia Mashukova, Radia Forteza, Viraj N. Shah, Pedro J. Salas
Summary: MARK2 is a Ser/Thr kinase involved in apico-basal polarity in Caenorhabditis elegans, regulated by phosphorylation at Thr595 by atypical PKC(iota/lambda). Under inflammatory conditions, the decrease in pT595-MARK2 leads to increased kinase activity and activation of innate immunity responses. The MARK2-Med17 axis represents a novel crosstalk between polarity signaling and transcriptional regulation, affecting NF-kB transcriptional activity and phosphorylation status of RelA.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Md Kaimul Ahsan, Diego Carlos dos Reis, Andrea Barbieri, Kaelyn D. Sumigray, Timothy Nottoli, Pedro J. Salas, Nadia A. Ameen
Summary: Loss of SGK1 worsens carbohydrate malabsorption and diarrhea in MVID, but the impact on CFTR fluid secretion remains variable.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Radia Forteza, M. Kaimul Ahsan, Fernando Carton-Garcia, Diego Arango, Nadia A. Ameen, Pedro J. Salas
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2019)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Pedro J. Salas, Radia Forteza, Anastasia Mashukova
Correction
Biology
Radia Forteza, Flavia A. Wald, Anastasia Mashukova, Zhanna Kozhekbaeva, Pedro J. Salas