Article
Clinical Neurology
Else Charlotte Sandset
Summary: This article discusses the impact of hypertension on the risk of stroke, stroke recurrence, and vascular cognitive impairment. It highlights the challenges in diagnosing and treating hypertension and proposes an individualized approach to blood pressure management.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lisa C. Walsh, Christina N. Armenta, Guy Itzchakov, Megan M. Fritz, Sonja Lyubomirsky
Summary: Gratitude can induce both positive and negative emotions. Expressing gratitude can motivate people to improve themselves in important areas of life, leading to increased motivation and intention.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
L. J. Wilde, C. Percy, C. Clark, G. Ward, P. A. Wark, L. Sewell
Summary: This study explored healthcare practitioners' views and experiences of supporting COPD patients who have used activity monitors. The findings show that healthcare practitioners recognize the potential of activity monitors in supporting COPD patients' self-management, but there is a lack of guidance and information for their integration in practice. Future research is needed to develop information and guidelines for COPD patients and healthcare practitioners.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geography
Ellen van Holstein, Ilan Wiesel, Christine Bigby, Brendan Gleeson
Summary: This paper introduces a framework called more-than-care for analysing vulnerability beyond care relationships in the lives of people with intellectual disability. The framework detaches vulnerability from the identity category of disability and provides insights into vulnerability in an unequal, neoliberalising, and ableist world. It shifts responsibility for managing vulnerabilities away from carers alone and offers a socio-material conceptualisation of disability and a tripartite framing of vulnerability. The concepts are empirically examined through an analysis of vulnerability in the lives of four self-advocates with intellectual disability during Melbourne's COVID-19 lockdowns.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF BRITISH GEOGRAPHERS
(2023)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Tingshu Liu, Rodica Ioana Damian
Summary: Psychological androgyny refers to having both masculine and feminine characteristics. Androgynous individuals are believed to be more creative, but previous research on this topic has been limited by methodological issues. This study aimed to replicate the androgyny-creativity effect using a larger sample and improved statistical analysis. The results showed that androgynous individuals reported higher creative self-perceptions compared to gender conforming individuals, but there were no differences in behavioral creativity. This suggests that the androgyny-creativity effect may be a popular lay theory, limited to specific types of creativity, or no longer present due to societal changes in gender roles.
PSYCHOLOGY OF AESTHETICS CREATIVITY AND THE ARTS
(2022)
Article
Geography
Michael Leyshon, Catherine Leyshon, Tim Walker, Robert Fish
Summary: This paper explores how young people become engaged in unpaid environmental conservation programmes in rural areas, identifying pathways and recipient organisations through which they get involved. It examines the governance systems surrounding these activities and argues that enhancing participation is more about structuring activities in productive ways than increasing the number of young participants. The findings have implications for volunteer training and organisation in other sectors.
JOURNAL OF RURAL STUDIES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cassandra Willyard
Summary: Snakebite envenoming is more deadly than almost any other neglected tropical disease in low- and middle-income nations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kinneret Teodorescu, Ori Plonsky, Shahar Ayal, Rachel Barkan
Summary: Research indicates that for reducing violations, a policy combining high inspection frequency with low severity of fines is more effective than a policy with low inspection frequency but high severity of fines, especially for participants with higher initial violation rates.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Meredith P. Martin, David J. Woodbury, Danica A. Doroski, Eliot Nagele, Michael Storace, Susan C. Cook-Patton, Rachel Pasternack, Mark S. Ashton
Summary: Tree planting is a promising but controversial solution to climate change and biodiversity loss. The number of tree planting organizations has greatly increased in the past 30 years, particularly for-profit organizations, focusing on agroforestry systems and mixed/single species plantations. Despite efforts to plant more trees, there is a lack of monitoring and transparency, with commercial species being commonly used without much coordination among organizations to avoid biotic homogenization.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jocelyn M. Wessels, Miguel A. Dominguez, Nicholas A. Leyland, Sanjay K. Agarwal, Warren G. Foster
Summary: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition affecting approximately 10% of reproductive age women, with potential causes related to retrograde menstruation and bacteria present in the uterus. The study found that the endometrial microbiota of people with endometriosis was more diverse, while those with pelvic pain but surgically confirmed absence of endometriosis and diagnosed with other benign gynecological conditions had less diverse endometrial microbiota.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Aaron Russell, Jeremy Firestone
Summary: This article examines the local perceptions of the Block Island Offshore Wind Project in the United States, focusing on both cognitive and affective responses. The study finds that affective factors play a significant role in determining support and opposition towards the project, suggesting the need for a comprehensive understanding of both cognitive and emotional influences.
Article
Plant Sciences
Leticia Perez-Izquierdo, Karina E. Clemmensen, Joachim Strengbom, Gustaf Granath, David A. Wardle, Marie-Charlotte Nilsson, Bjorn D. Lindahl
Summary: Wildfires in boreal pine forests affect soil fungal communities and enzyme activities differently depending on the severity of crown and ground fires. Post-fire salvage logging induces larger shifts in fungal communities in areas with low crown-fire severity. Climate warming and increasing occurrence of high-severity crown fires may have detrimental effects on mycorrhizal-mediated functions essential for maintaining soil fertility and forest resilience.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sonia Sanchez-Bezanilla, Rebecca J. Hood, Lyndsey E. Collins-Praino, Renee J. Turner, Frederick R. Walker, Michael Nilsson, Lin Kooi Ong
Summary: The study found that cognitive function remains impaired post-stroke, while there is modest spontaneous motor recovery over an 84-day period. Reduced neuronal loss and decreased neuroinflammation in the peri-infarct region may explain the spontaneous motor recovery, whereas persistent neuronal loss with increased neuroinflammation and amyloid-beta accumulation in the hippocampus likely contribute to the persistent cognitive dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Johannes Stelwagen, Andrea T. Meuleman, Sjoukje Lubberts, Gerrie Steursma, Lara M. Kruyt, Jan W. Donkerbroek, Coby Meijer, Annemiek M. E. Walenkamp, Joop D. Lefrandt, Sandra E. Rakers, Rients B. Huitema, Marianne A. A. de Jong, Erwin M. Wiegman, Alfons C. M. van den Bergh, Igle J. de Jong, Joost A. Agelink van Rentergem, Sanne B. Schagen, Janine Nuver, Jourik A. Gietema
Summary: This study assessed cognitive impairment in very long-term testicular cancer survivors, finding that they performed worse on cognitive tests compared to controls. The presence of hypogonadism and cardiovascular issues were associated with lower cognitive scores, suggesting the importance of timely cardiovascular risk management and testosterone supplementation therapy during follow-up to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Peihua Qin
Summary: This study investigates changes in population exposure to precipitation and temperature extremes under 1.5 and 2.0 degrees C warming levels. The results show that population exposure to wet, dry, and heat extremes generally increases over certain regions, while exposure decreases in eastern Asia due to a reduction in population. The study highlights the importance of addressing possible climate risks under global warming.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Amanda Watson, Dorothea Dumuid, Carol Maher, Francois Fraysse, Chelsea Mauch, Grant R. Tomkinson, Ty Ferguson, Tim Olds
Summary: This study examines the associations between parenting style and various outcomes in children. The results show that Disengaged parenting is detrimental to children's activity patterns and health, while Permissive parenting is beneficial for activity patterns. No significant associations were found for parenting style and academic achievement, body composition, or fitness.
Article
Sport Sciences
Justin J. Lang, Kai Zhang, Cesar Agostinis-Sobrinho, Lars Bo Andersen, Laura Basterfield, Daniel Berglind, Dylan O. Blain, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Christine Cameron, Valerie Carson, Rachel C. Colley, Tamas Csanyi, Avery D. Faigenbaum, Antonio Garcia-Hermoso, Thayse Natacha Q. F. Gomes, Aidan Gribbon, Ian Janssen, Gregor Jurak, Monika Kaj, Tetsuhiro Kidokoro, Kirstin N. Lane, Yang Liu, Marie Lof, David R. Lubans, Costan G. Magnussen, Taru Manyanga, Ryan McGrath, Jorge Mota, Tim Olds, Vincent O. Onywera, Francisco B. Ortega, Adewale L. Oyeyemi, Stephanie A. Prince, Robinson Ramirez-Velez, Karen C. Roberts, Lukas Rubin, Jennifer Servais, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Danilo R. Silva, Jordan J. Smith, Yi Song, Gareth Stratton, Brian W. Timmons, Grant R. Tomkinson, Mark S. Tremblay, Stephen H. S. Wong, Brooklyn J. Fraser
Summary: This study used the Delphi method to identify the top 10 international priorities for research and surveillance on physical fitness among children and adolescents. The priorities include conducting longitudinal studies, using fitness surveillance for decision making, and implementing regular international fitness surveys. These priorities provide guidance for future collaborations and research efforts.
Article
Primary Health Care
Gillian E. Doe, Marie T. Williams, Stacey Chantrell, Michael C. Steiner, Natalie Armstrong, Ann Hutchinson, Rachael A. Evans
Summary: This study explored the experiences of patients with chronic breathlessness who were awaiting a diagnosis and primary care clinicians. The findings identified potential reasons for delays in diagnosis and suggested interventions to improve symptom recognition, diagnostic approaches, and clinician communication to achieve earlier diagnosis and management for better patient outcomes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Ben Singh, Timothy Olds, Rachel Curtis, Dorothea Dumuid, Rosa Virgara, Amanda Watson, Kimberley Szeto, Edward O'Connor, Ty Ferguson, Emily Eglitis, Aaron Miatke, Catherine E. M. Simpson, Carol Maher
Summary: This umbrella review examined the effects of physical activity on symptoms of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in adult populations. The findings showed that physical activity had medium effects on improving these symptoms and could be beneficial for various populations, including healthy adults, individuals with mental health disorders, and those with chronic diseases. Higher intensity physical activity was associated with greater improvements in symptoms.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ty Ferguson, Rachel Curtis, Francois Fraysse, Timothy Olds, Dorothea Dumuid, Wendy Brown, Adrian Esterman, Carol Maher
Summary: This study found that weather plays a potentially important role in the allocation of time for sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity. Extreme weather conditions can negatively impact outdoor exercise and active transport, as well as affect the comfort of sleeping environments. These findings highlight the potential importance of considering weather conditions in promoting healthy movement behaviors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ty Ferguson, Rachel Curtis, Francois Fraysse, Timothy Olds, Dorothea Dumuid, Wendy Brown, Adrian Esterman, Carol Maher
Summary: This study found that during vacations, adults increased their sleep time and decreased sedentary behavior, while also increasing light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. After the vacation, sleep remained elevated, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity returned to pre-vacation levels, and light physical activity and sedentary behavior over-corrected. The largest changes were seen for rest and outdoor vacations, with the smallest changes for short vacations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Victor Segura-Jimenez, Zeljko Pedisic, Ales Gaba, Dorothea Dumuid, Timothy Olds, Nikola Stefelova, Karel Hron, Sonia Gomez-Martinez, Ascension Marcos, Jose Castro-Pinero
Summary: The aim of the study was to explore the associations between longitudinal reallocations of time between different movement behaviours and changes in inflammatory markers in children and adolescents. The results showed that reallocating time from sedentary behaviour to sleep was associated with increases in C3 levels, reallocating time from light physical activity to sleep was associated with increases in C3 levels, reallocating time from light physical activity to other time-use components was associated with increases in C4 levels, and any reallocation of time away from moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with unfavourable changes in leptin levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kylie N. Johnston, Rebecca Burgess, Slavica Kochovska, Marie T. Williams
Summary: This descriptive qualitative study used the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM) to explore breathlessness beliefs, expectations, and language preferences of individuals experiencing chronic breathlessness. The study found that cognitive and emotional representations of breathlessness were developed through personal experience and information from external sources, and specific words and phrases had an impact on these representations.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ben Singh, Timothy Olds, Jacinta Brinsley, Dot Dumuid, Rosa Virgara, Lisa Matricciani, Amanda Watson, Kimberley Szeto, Emily Eglitis, Aaron Miatke, Catherine E. M. Simpson, Corneel Vandelanotte, Carol Maher
Summary: Chatbot interventions have been found to be effective in increasing physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, sleep duration, and sleep quality.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tim Olds, Dorothea Dumuid, Emily Eglitis, Rebecca Golley, Francois Fraysse, Aaron Miatke, Grant R. Tomkinson, Amanda Watson, Mason Munzberg, Carol Maher
Summary: The study found that during the summer holiday period, children experience greater increases in fatness and declines in fitness, with children who live with low-SES families and are overweight being more affected. This highlights the need for targeted interventions during this period to address these negative health trends.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ben Singh, Timothy Olds, Rachel Curtis, Ty Ferguson, Lisa Matricciani, Wendy J. Brown, Dorothea Dumuid, Adrian Esterman, Carol Maher
Summary: This study aimed to examine the weight management strategies used by Australian adults, their socio-demographic characteristics, and their association with 12-month weight change. The results showed that most participants used at least one weight management strategy, with exercise/physical activity being the most common. Being physically active was associated with greater weight loss, while accepting current bodyweight was linked to a lower likelihood of using weight management strategies. The use of supplements and fasting were associated with poorer mental health and quality of life outcomes.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Timothy Olds, Ben Singh, Aaron Miatke, Emily Eglitis, Carol Maher, Dorothea Dumuid
Summary: This study evaluated the association between children's time use and socioeconomic status (SES) in Australia. The findings showed significant differences in time use among different SES categories, with children from the highest SES having more school-related time, passive transport, and self-care, and less screen time, sleep, and domestic/social activities compared to those from the lowest SES.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carol Maher, Ty Ferguson, Rachel Curtis, Wendy Brown, Dorothea Dumuid, Francois Fraysse, Gilly A. Hendrie, Ben Singh, Adrian Esterman, Timothy Olds
Summary: This study investigated the changes in weight among Australian adults over a year and found that weight gain was more prominent during Christmas/New Year, weekends, and winter seasons. This suggests the need for targeted interventions to prevent weight gain during these high-risk periods.
Article
Ethics
Laura Cooper, Kylie Johnston, Marie Williams
Summary: Many countries, including Australia, have a national scheme for recognizing a single ethical review for multi-centre research, but site-specific governance reviews are still decentralized and inconsistent. This report examines the ethics and governance processes for a low-risk national survey of physiotherapy-led airway clearance services in Australia, highlighting inconsistencies in document preparation and submission and their impact on research outcomes. It also provides helpful hints for researchers conducting low-risk research in public health facilities.
Article
Respiratory System
Laura Cooper, Kylie Johnston, Marie Williams
Summary: This study describes the clinical models for adult airway clearance services in Australia, and found differences in service models between metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions. These differences may disadvantage people with chronic lung conditions living in non-metropolitan areas.
CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE
(2023)