Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Carava, Paola Moretto, Ilaria Caon, Arianna Parnigoni, Alberto Passi, Evgenia Karousou, Davide Vigetti, Jessica Canino, Ilaria Canobbio, Manuela Viola
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases result from various risk factors, and inflammation induced by cytokines like TNF-alpha may lead to changes in vessel matrix composition without affecting cell proliferation or migration.
Article
Biology
Miaomiao Li, Chih Yean Ong, Christophe J. Langouet-Astrie, Lisi Tan, Ashwni Verma, Yimu Yang, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Dhaval K. Shah, Eric P. Schmidt, Ding Xu
Summary: This study reveals the important role of heparan sulfate (HS) in RAGE oligomerization and its necessity for RAGE signaling. Blocking HS-RAGE interaction can inhibit RAGE signaling. Furthermore, inhibiting HS-RAGE interaction genetically and pharmacologically provides an alternative strategy to antagonize RAGE. Additionally, Ager(AHA/AHA) mice may serve as a cleaner genetic model to study the physiological roles of RAGE in vivo compared to Ager(-/-) mice.
Article
Virology
Ghadah A. Karasneh, Divya Kapoor, Navya Bellamkonda, Chandrashekhar D. Patil, Deepak Shukla
Summary: The increased levels of HPSE can reduce syncytial plaque formation and promote viral egress and release. Transiently enhanced expression of HPSE does not affect HSV-1 entry into cells but facilitates extracellular release of mature virions.
Article
Microbiology
Maitrayee Chatterjee, Liane Z. X. L. Huang, Anna Mykytyn, Chunyan Wang, Mart B. Lamers, Bart Westendorp, Richard B. Wubbolts, Jos P. M. van Putten, Berend-Jan B. Bosch, Bart Haagmans, Karin B. Strijbis
Summary: In this study, the role of host mucins and mucin glycans on SARS-CoV-2 entry into airway epithelial cells was investigated. The removal of mucins from the surface of cells increased the binding of the virus and enhanced infection. This study demonstrates the important role of glycosylated extracellular mucin domains in the entry of SARS-CoV-2.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Haiyi Chen, Yu Kang, Mojie Duan, Tingjun Hou
Summary: The study revealed that the presence of heparan sulfate is crucial for the binding between the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and host ACE2, while the stability of the T470-F490 loop and hydrophobic interactions play key roles in the binding process.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Noemi Veraldi, Romain R. Vives, Geraldine Blanchard-Rohner, Arnaud G. L'Huillier, Noemie Wagner, Marie Rohr, Maurice Beghetti, Ariane De Agostini, Serge Grazioli
Summary: Children with MIS-C exhibited signs of endothelial glycocalyx injury, which were associated with disease severity. Syndecan-1 and heparan sulfate may serve as potential biomarkers for assessing patients with severe COVID-19 or MIS-C.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Lin Wei, Qingdong Zhang, Danrong Lu, Min Du, Xiangyu Xu, Wenshuang Wang, Yu-Zhong Zhang, Xunyi Yuan, Fuchuan Li
Summary: This study identified two novel chondroitin sulfate/dematan sulfate sulfatases that can hydrolyze sulfate groups, providing insights for the structural and functional studies of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Yi-Wei Yang, David M. Jablons, Hassan Lemjabbar-Alaoui
Summary: The study found that the plasma levels of SULF2 protein are significantly elevated in NSCLC patients, suggesting its potential as a novel blood biomarker for early detection of the cancer. Additionally, a significant positive correlation between SULF2 protein levels and plasma levels of HSPG-binding factors was observed. The findings also revealed a tumor-specific SULF2 isoform released in the blood of NSCLC patients, which could be utilized for early diagnosis in multiplex assays.
EXPERIMENTAL LUNG RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dmitry K. Sokolov, Oleg B. Shevelev, Anna S. Khotskina, Alexandra Y. Tsidulko, Anastasia V. Strokotova, Galina M. Kazanskaya, Alexander M. Volkov, Evgenii E. Kliver, Svetlana V. Aidagulova, Evgenii L. Zavjalov, Elvira V. Grigorieva
Summary: Glioblastoma (GB) is an aggressive cancer with a high chance of recurrence, and the effects of chemotherapy drugs on heparan sulfate (HS) in brain tissue are still unknown.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anthony J. J. Hayes, James Melrose
Summary: Heparan sulfate is a complex glycosaminoglycan that plays important roles in various biological processes through interactions with extracellular ligands and cellular receptors. Its chain lengths and sequences can vary, providing structural diversity. Heparan sulfate has regulatory properties in tissue development, wound healing, immune regulation, inflammation, and tumor development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Prashant Jain, Chethan D. Shanthamurthy, Shani Leviatan Ben-Arye, Robert J. Woods, Raghavendra Kikkeri, Vered Padler-Karavani
Summary: Selective inhibition of chemokines using structurally defined heparan sulfate oligosaccharides can provide insights into cancer cell migration and metastasis. Rational design and synthesis of N-unsubstituted and N-acetylated heparan sulfate tetrasaccharides have shown selective inhibition of structurally homologous chemokines.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marissa L. L. Maciej-Hulme, Jasper J. J. Van Gemst, Patience Sanderson, Angelique L. W. M. M. Rops, Jo H. H. Berden, Bart Smeets, I. Jonathan Amster, Ton J. J. Rabelink, Johan van der Vlag
Summary: Proliferative forms of glomerulonephritis are characterized by leukocyte influx, albuminuria, and loss of kidney function. The glycocalyx, comprised of heparan sulfate, plays a crucial role in glomerular inflammation. Exogenous glomerular glycocalyx and low-molecular-weight heparin reduce proteinuria and granulocyte/macrophage influx in experimental glomerulonephritis, as well as prohibit granulocyte adhesion to glomerular endothelial cells. The development of HS-based therapeutics for inflammatory glomerular diseases is justified by these findings.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sohyun Moon, Ying-Tao Zhao
Summary: The study systematically analyzed the spatial, temporal, and cell-type-specific expression of genes encoding HS biosynthesis enzymes and HSPG core proteins, providing a valuable resource for the research community in the field of heparan sulfate.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kuei-Yao Tseng, Zheng-Hao Tzeng, Ting-Jen Rachel Cheng, Pi-Hui Liang, Shang-Cheng Hung
Summary: Researchers identified the minimal substrate size for Sulf-1 and designed and synthesized two Sulf-1 inhibitors with low IC50 values.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Tien K. Nguyen, Stephanie Paone, Enoch Chan, Ivan K. H. Poon, Amy A. Baxter, Shane R. Thomas, Mark D. Hulett
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and atherosclerosis plays a crucial role in its development. Heparanase, as the only mammalian enzyme known to cleave heparan sulfate, has been found to be involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including inflammation and plaque formation. This review focuses on the emerging role of heparanase in atherosclerosis and provides an up-to-date overview of its functions.
