Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ilham Bettahi, Roopesh Krishnankutty, Morana Jaganjac, Noor Nabeel M. Suleiman, Manjunath Ramanjaneya, Jayakumar Jerobin, Shaimaa Hassoun, Meis Alkasem, Ibrahem Abdelhakam, Ahmad Iskandarani, Tareq A. A. Samra, Vidya Mohamed-Ali, Abdul Badi Abou-Samra
Summary: This study correlated the proteomic profile of skeletal muscles to insulin sensitivity and found that mitochondrial proteins and proteins involved in fast-twitch fiber are related to insulin sensitivity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hyunjung Lee, Tae Youl Ha, Chang Hwa Jung, Farida Sukma Nirmala, So-Young Park, Yang Hoon Huh, Jiyun Ahn
Summary: The study revealed that acute insulin resistance coincides with mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle, leading to impaired mitochondrial function and the development of acute insulin resistance. Improving mitochondrial function has significant potential in treating acute insulin resistance.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Shum, Mayuko Segawa, Raffi Gharakhanian, Ana Vinuela, Matthew Wortham, Siyouneh Baghdasarian, Dane M. Wolf, Samuel B. Sereda, Laura Nocito, Linsey Stiles, Zhiqiang Zhou, Vincent Gutierrez, Maike Sander, Orian S. Shirihai, Marc Liesa
Summary: Elevated fasting insulinemia in normoglycemic individuals is a major predictor of insulin resistance and the onset of type 2 diabetes, indicating early dysfunction of beta-cell function. Variants of the ABCB10 gene have been linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, suggesting a potential genetic factor in beta-cell-initiated insulin resistance. Studies have shown that ABCB10 is required for high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance by promoting beta-cell mass expansion and contributing to fasting hyperinsulinemia.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cho-Cho Aye, Dean E. Hammond, Sergio Rodriguez-Cuenca, Mary K. Doherty, Phillip D. Whitfield, Marie M. Phelan, Chenjing Yang, Rafael Perez-Perez, Xiaoxin Li, Angels Diaz-Ramos, Gopal Peddinti, Matej Oresic, Antonio Vidal-Puig, Antonio Zorzano, Cristina Ugalde, Silvia Mora
Summary: CBL is rapidly phosphorylated upon insulin receptor activation. Mice with whole body CBL depletion show improved insulin sensitivity and glucose clearance, but the precise mechanisms are unknown. Depletion of CBL or its associated protein SORBS1/CAP in myocytes leads to increased mitochondrial mass, greater proton leak, reduced activity and assembly of mitochondrial respiratory complex I, and alterations in proteins involved in glycolysis and fatty acid degradation. These findings demonstrate that the CBL/CAP pathway links insulin signaling to efficient mitochondrial function and metabolism in muscle.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Rachel M. Handy, Graham P. Holloway
Summary: Impairments in peripheral tissue insulin signaling, caused by a high-lipid environment and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, are believed to contribute to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, physical inactivity can also promote insulin resistance through alternative mechanisms, such as a reduction in protein synthesis. Mitochondrial biology plays a crucial role in the interaction between physical (in)activity, lipid metabolism, and insulin signaling.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gary D. Lopaschuk, Qutuba G. Karwi, Rong Tian, Adam R. Wende, E. Dale Abel
Summary: Changes in cardiac energy metabolism are complex and depend on the severity and type of heart failure, as well as the presence of common comorbidities such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The failing heart experiences an energy deficit due to decreased mitochondrial oxidative capacity, compensated for by increased ATP production from glycolysis. Alterations in mitochondrial ATP production fuels and fatty acid oxidation contribute to the inefficiency of the failing heart, with potential therapeutic targets in energy metabolic pathways to improve cardiac function.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Gatto, Angela Di Porzio, Raffaella Crescenzo, Valentina Barrella, Susanna Iossa, Arianna Mazzoli
Summary: The short-term consumption of a high-fructose diet has a significant impact on skeletal muscle metabolism, with more pronounced effects in young individuals than in adults. The study found that young rats showed marked mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative damage, leading to a decrease in insulin sensitivity. These findings highlight the importance of reducing fructose intake, especially in young people, to maintain metabolic health.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Auxiliare Kuretu, Charles Arineitwe, Mamosheledi Mothibe, Phikelelani Ngubane, Andile Khathi, Ntethelelo Sibiya
Summary: Mitochondrial impairment is associated with the development of insulin resistance. Improving mitochondrial function may provide a therapeutic tool for improving insulin sensitivity. Further studies are needed to understand the correlation between drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity and insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lyudmila V. Nedosugova, Yuliya V. Markina, Leyla A. Bochkareva, Irina A. Kuzina, Nina A. Petunina, Irina Y. Yudina, Tatiana V. Kirichenko
Summary: The association between type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications is complex, primarily due to the oxidative stress and inflammation caused by hyperglycemia. Understanding the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular diseases can aid in the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vinaya Simha, Ian R. Lanza, Surendra Dasari, Katherine A. Klaus, Nathan Le Brasseur, Ivan Vuckovic, Marcello C. Laurenti, Claudio Cobelli, John D. Port, K. Sreekumaran Nair
Summary: Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL) is characterized by muscle hypertrophy and insulin resistance. However, FPL patients do not show increased muscle strength despite their muscularity, and experience earlier fatigue during exercise. This is accompanied by impaired mitochondrial function and altered gene expression, which may explain the metabolic abnormalities and skeletal muscle dysfunction in FPL patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilaria Zuliani, Chiara Lanzillotta, Antonella Tramutola, Eugenio Barone, Marzia Perluigi, Serena Rinaldo, Alessio Paone, Francesca Cutruzzola, Francesco Bellanti, Matteo Spinelli, Francesca Natale, Salvatore Fusco, Claudio Grassi, Fabio Di Domenico
Summary: This study reveals that aberrant protein O-GlcNAcylation plays a significant role in the neurodegenerative process induced by a high-fat diet, potentially promoting the development of Alzheimer's disease and mitochondrial impairment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Tatsuro Egawa, Takeshi Ogawa, Takumi Yokokawa, Kohei Kido, Katsumasa Goto, Tatsuya Hayashi
Summary: This study investigated the effect of methylglyoxal on skeletal muscle adaptations following endurance exercise. The findings suggest that methylglyoxal is a factor deteriorating responsiveness to endurance exercise in primarily fast-twitch skeletal muscle.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jan-Frieder Harmsen, Marit Kotte, Ivo Habets, Frederieke Bosschee, Koen Frenken, Johanna A. Jorgensen, Soraya de Kam, Esther Moonen-Kornips, Jochem Cissen, Daniel Doligkeit, Tineke van de Weijer, Edmundo Erazo-Tapia, Mijke Buitinga, Joris Hoeks, Patrick Schrauwen
Summary: This study aimed to test if exercise training can reinforce diurnal variation in whole-body and skeletal muscle metabolism in men with insulin resistance. The results showed that 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training improved body composition and exercise capacity, reduced plasma glucose levels, but did not change free fatty acid and triacylglycerol levels. Additionally, exercise training modified the diurnal variation of muscle clock gene expression and increased mitochondrial respiration, while 24-hour substrate metabolism and energy expenditure remained unchanged.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chris E. Shannon, Mukundan Ragavan, Juan Pablo Palavicini, Marcel Fourcaudot, Terry M. Bakewell, Ivan A. Valdez, Iriscilla Ayala, Eunsook S. Jin, Muniswamy Madesh, Xianlin Han, Matthew E. Merritt, Luke Norton
Summary: Insulin resistance and altered hepatic mitochondrial function are key features of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study found that insulin sensitization with pioglitazone can mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver, which is independent of changes in hepatic lipid accumulation. The research highlights potential therapeutic targets for T2D and NAFLD, emphasizing the benefits of insulin sensitization in managing obesity-related diseases.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Justyna Flotynska, Daria Klause, Michal Kulecki, Aleksandra Cieluch, Regina Chomicka-Pawlak, Dorota Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz, Aleksandra Uruska
Summary: The study found a positive correlation between NDUFS8 protein serum concentration and insulin sensitivity in type 1 diabetes patients, as well as associations with waist to hip ratio, body mass index, and age.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
