Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mingyi Li, Jing Zheng, Xi He, Xinjun Zhang
Summary: In this study, we characterized Tiki proteins as GPI-anchored proteases and found that the GPI anchor determines their cellular localization and regulation by GDEs, but not their inhibitory activity on Wnt signaling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abigail M. Schwind, Daniel J. Walsh, Cassandra M. Burke, Surachai Supattapone
Summary: Cofactor molecules are required for the generation of infectious mammalian prions in vitro. The study found that mouse and hamster prions have different cofactor preferences, with only hamster prions able to use single-stranded RNA as an alternative cofactor. The study also discovered that detergents solubilizing phosphatidylethanolamine inhibit mouse prion formation, while detergents unable to solubilize phosphatidylethanolamine have no effect. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of solubilization requires post-translational modifications of the prion protein.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miguel Rodriguez de Los Santos, Marion Rivalan, Friederike S. David, Alexander Stumpf, Julika Pitsch, Despina Tsortouktzidis, Laura Moreno Velasquez, Anne Voigt, Karl Schilling, Daniele Mattei, Melissa Long, Guido Vogt, Alexej Knaus, Bjorn Fischer-Zirnsak, Lars Wittler, Bernd Timmermann, Peter N. Robinson, Denise Horn, Stefan Mundlos, Uwe Kornak, Albert J. Becker, Dietmar Schmitz, York Winter, Peter M. Krawitz
Summary: Pathogenic germline mutations in PIGV lead to glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis deficiency (GPIBD). By introducing the prevalent hypomorphic missense mutation found in European patients into mice, researchers successfully created a mouse model that mirrors the cognitive impairments, motor deficits, and other symptoms observed in human patients. The study provides insights into the pathophysiology of GPIBD and the role of GPI-anchor-related pathways in brain development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Smrithi Salian, Xin-Yu Guo, Yoshiko Murakami, Taroh Kinoshita, Parneet Kaur, Anju Shukla, Katta M. Girisha, Morihisa Fujita, Philippe M. Campeau
Summary: We identified a pathogenic variant in the C18orf32 gene as the cause of a novel autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder. Our study demonstrates the importance of C18orf32 in GPI-anchor biosynthesis, the functional and localization abnormalities of the mutant C18orf32 protein.
Review
Cell Biology
Alyssa R. Borges, Fabian Link, Markus Engstler, Nicola G. Jones
Summary: The use of GPI anchors to attach proteins to the cell surface is common in eukaryotes and plays important roles in various functions. In unicellular eukaryotic parasites, GPI-anchored proteins are major virulence factors that support infection and survival within different host environments. This indicates the adaptive value of GPI anchoring throughout eukaryote evolution.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Qin Liu, Xueyan Zhan, Dongfang Li, Junlong Zhao, Haiyong Wei, Heba Alzan, Lan He
Summary: A novel BgGPI52-WH antigen was identified as a potential immunodiagnostic marker and iELISA method was established for early diagnosis with good sensitivity. Clinical samples showed a positive rate of approximately 11.41%.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhang, Jiawei Su, Bin Li, Yiwei Gao, Mengran Liu, Lingli He, Hao Xu, Yanli Dong, Xuejun Cai Zhang, Yan Zhao
Summary: The GPI transamidase (GPIT) complex plays an important role in attaching GPI to proteins, facilitating the maturation of GPI-anchored proteins. The complex is composed of five subunits, with PIGK acting as the catalytic component and transmembrane helices serving as the GPI substrate-binding site. The ubiquitin E3 ligase RNF121 is also present, potentially functioning as a quality control factor for the GPIT complex.
NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Paolo Foraboschi
Summary: This paper investigates the behavior of a straight bar anchor inserted into a drilled hole in a masonry structure. The anchor is installed orthogonally to the masonry surface and can be bonded with the masonry through either adhesive or mechanical anchors. The paper presents experimental campaigns, an analytical model, case studies, and a comprehensive discussion to determine the optimal technical solutions for shear anchors in masonry.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sebastian Knusel, Aurelio Jenni, Mattias Benninger, Peter Butikofer, Isabel Roditi
Summary: Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked molecules play a crucial role in the infectivity and transmission of eukaryotic pathogens. A study showed that TbGPI8 is essential for social motility (SoMo) in early procyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei. This finding provides possible explanations for the failure of TbGPI8 deletion mutants to establish a midgut infection in tsetse flies.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ruqaiah Altassan, Michael M. Allers, Diederik De Graef, Rameen Shah, Maaike de Vries, Austin Larson, Emma Glamuzina, Eva Morava
Summary: Biallelic pathogenic variants in PGAP3 cause a rare glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol biogenesis disorder, PGAP3CDG. This disease primarily presents with neurological symptoms and is associated with various additional features. The phenotype of PGAP3-CDG can be better understood through the study of 65 individuals, leading to improved clinical management.
MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Hongliang Guo, Ying Zhao, Jo-Shu Chang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: Enzymatic hydrolysis is crucial for efficient biorefinery of lignocellulosic biomass. Understanding the properties of key enzymes and their interactions with biomass is essential for improving the process efficiency. This article provides an update on the research of key enzymes in lignocellulose biorefinery, including their properties, interactions with biomass, adsorption, and hydrolysis. The advanced analytical techniques for investigating these interactions and future research prospects are discussed.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Zhongwu Guo, Xin Yan
Summary: Two alkynylated glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) derivatives were synthesized from a pentasaccharide using a [3+2] glycosylation strategy. These derivatives serve as valuable biological probes and can be further modified through click reactions to obtain other GPI probes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dongqiang Wang, Chenchen Wang, Guan Zhu
Summary: This study analyzed the genomes of Cryptosporidium parasites and reconstructed the glycosylation pathways. It was found that Cryptosporidium produces simpler glycans compared to hosts, and there are differences in N-glycoforms between intestinal and gastric species.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xin Chen, Wu Yin, Siyi Chen, Wenyu Zhang, Hongyan Li, Hanzhe Kuang, Miaojin Zhou, Yanling Teng, Junlong Zhang, Guodong Shen, Desheng Liang, Zhuo Li, Bing Hu, Lingqian Wu
Summary: Two novel compound heterozygous variants in PIGK were identified in two patients from a Chinese family, leading to severe neurodevelopmental defects. Knock-down zebrafish and knock-in mouse models confirmed the essential role of PIGK in embryonic and neuronal development.
Article
Biology
Sanjay Kumar Singh, M. Sudhakara Reddy
Summary: This study focused on analyzing the structure and function of GPI8p subunit of GPI-T in Plasmodium falciparum, identifying 18 nsSNPs that were predicted to have deleterious effects on the protein, potentially destabilizing it. The findings also confirmed the conservation of the protein structure and the absence of mutations at the predicted ligand binding sites.
COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
