Review
Physiology
Surajit Dey, Mathew Suji Eapen, Collin Chia, Archana Vijay Gaikwad, Peter A. B. Wark, Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
Summary: Both asthma and COPD are characterized by airway obstruction, but ACO is not a single disease. Rather, it is a term used clinically to describe overlapping clinical phenotypes of chronic airways disease with different underlying mechanisms. Understanding the pathology of ACO, specifically the airway remodeling changes and inflammation aspects, is crucial for better management.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael M. Grunstein
Summary: Homeostasis is the process by which the body maintains internal stability within a narrow range. Disrupted homeostasis at the tissue or systemic level leads to disease. In asthma, the pivotal site of disrupted homeostasis is the airway smooth muscle (ASM). This article proposes a novel mechanism in which the pro-asthmatic-exposed ASM independently generates its own active glucocorticoid and uses this molecular strategy to prevent induction of the asthmatic state.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dominika Zajac, Piotr Wojciechowski
Summary: Vitamins play a crucial role in the development and management of asthma, affecting symptoms such as bronchial hyperreactivity, airway inflammation, oxidative stress, and airway remodeling. The intake and levels of vitamins are also associated with the risk of asthma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Georgia Bateman, Hong Guo-Parke, Aoife M. Rodgers, Dermot Linden, Melanie Bailey, Sinead Weldon, Joseph C. Kidney, Clifford C. Taggart
Summary: Cellular senescence is a state of permanent cell cycle arrest triggered by various stressors, and its accumulation has been observed in many age-related diseases. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), airway epithelium exhibits hallmark features of senescence, leading to cell cycle arrest and secretion of inflammatory mediators that contribute to chronic inflammation. Additionally, cellular senescence in COPD airway epithelium is associated with telomere dysfunction, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. Understanding the mechanisms and impact of cellular senescence in COPD may provide potential therapeutic targets for this disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Nucera, Federica Lo Bello, Sj S. Shen, Paolo Ruggeri, Irene Coppolino, Antonino Di Stefano, Cristiana Stellato, Vincenzo Casolaro, Phil M. Hansbro, Ian M. Adcock, Gaetano Caramori
Summary: COPD is a lung disease characterized by heightened inflammatory response, with atypical chemokines playing complex roles in its pathogenesis. Preclinical development of therapies targeting atypical chemokines and receptors may enhance COPD management.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mathieu Morissette, Krystelle Godbout, Andreanne Cote, Louis-Philippe Boulet
Summary: Although there is still no consensus on the definition of Asthma-COPD Overlap (ACO), it is generally accepted that some patients with airway disease have features of both asthma and COPD. The clinical picture is influenced by the development of airway inflammatory processes and structural changes. Currently, there is no solid evidence to establish the optimal treatment of ACO, but avoidance of environmental triggers and targeted treatment based on treatable traits are recommended.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ziwen Qin, Yujuan Chen, Yue Wang, Yeyang Xu, Tingting Liu, Qian Mu, Chuanjun Huang
Summary: Bronchial asthma is a complex disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Various immune cells and airway epithelial cells are involved in the inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness, leading to airflow limitation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms, specifically in immunometabolism, are still unclear. This review summarises the current knowledge on immunometabolism reprogramming in asthma pathogenesis and potential therapy strategies. The cover image illustrates the inflammation caused by abnormal metabolism in bronchial epithelial cells of asthma patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guishu Wang, Bo Zhou, Zheyi Wang, Yufeng Meng, Yaqian Liu, Xiaoqin Yao, Cuiling Feng
Summary: This study used network pharmacology approach to predict the active components and molecular mechanism of MGMD in treating asthma, showing that MGMD mainly prevents asthma through regulation of IL-4 and IL-13 signaling and the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) biosynthesis to inhibit airway inflammation and remodeling.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Surajit Dey, Wenying Lu, Heinrich C. Weber, Sally Young, Josie Larby, Collin Chia, Greg Haug, Samuel James Brake, Stephen Myers, Archana Vijay Gaikwad, Prem Bhattarai, Prabuddha S. Pathinayake, Peter A. B. Wark, Mathew Suji Eapen, Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
Summary: This study evaluated airway remodeling in patients with asthma COPD overlap (ACO) and found distinct tissue remodeling patterns in ACO patients compared to asthma and COPD patients. The results suggest that ACO patients have more severe airway remodeling. This study provides valuable insights for informed decision-making and better patient management in clinical practice.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabiana Furci, Giuseppe Murdaca, Corrado Pelaia, Egidio Imbalzano, Girolamo Pelaia, Marco Caminati, Alessandro Allegra, Gianenrico Senna, Sebastiano Gangemi
Summary: The airway epithelium is the first line of defense for the lungs against environmental triggers. It releases alarmin cytokines, which mediate inflammation in chronic lung diseases. This review focuses on the role of pulmonary epithelial cells and airway epithelial cell alarmins in driving inflammation and explores the therapeutic potential of targeting these molecules.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xingbao Tao, Hongbo Liu, Jie Xia, Ping Zeng, Hepeng Wang, Yuwei Xie, Caixia Wang, Yanqiu Cheng, Jiayun Li, Xingde Zhang, Ping Zhang, Shengjun Chen, Hongli Yu, Hao Wu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the core active constituents and pharmacological mechanism of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum (PRP) against cold asthma (CA). The results showed that PRP suppressed the allergic airway inflammation of CA by regulating the balance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines and possibly involving the PKC/EGFR/MAPK/PI3KAkt signaling pathway.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amy E. Defnet, Sushrut D. Shah, Weiliang Huang, Paul Shapiro, Deepak A. Deshpande, Maureen A. Kane
Summary: The study demonstrates that vitamin A metabolism is decreased in asthmatic lungs and enhancing RA receptor signaling may mitigate airway remodeling associated with asthma.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qin Qiu, Weizhen Zhang, Kangdi Liu, Fangfang Huang, Jiating Su, Liyan Deng, Jiake He, Qianwen Lin, Lianxiang Luo
Summary: This study found that the administration of schisandrin A, an active compound derived from Schisandra fruit, effectively alleviates the symptoms of asthma through reducing inflammation, decreasing the Th2 cell ratio, and improving the integrity of the epithelial barrier function. These findings offer valuable insights into the potential therapeutic applications of schisandrin A for the treatment of asthma.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Sam Strickson, Kirsty F. Houslay, Victor A. Negri, Yoichiro Ohne, Tomas Ottosson, Roger B. Dodd, Catherine Chaillan Huntington, Tina Baker, Jingjing Li, Katherine E. Stephenson, Andy J. O'Connor, J. Sophie Sagawe, Helen Killick, Tom Moore, D. Gareth Rees, Sofia Koch, Caroline Sanden, Yixin Wang, Elise Gubbins, Mahboobe Ghaedi, Roland Kolbeck, Saumyaa Saumyaa, Jonas S. Erjefalt, Gary P. Sims, Alison A. Humbles, Ian C. Scott, Xavier Romero Ros, E. Suzanne Cohen
Summary: This study reveals that IL-33, RAGE, and EGFR act together in an ST2-independent pathway in the airway epithelium, governing abnormal epithelial remodeling and mucus-obstructive features in COPD.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mengyuan Zhang, Jiangtao Lin, Jingyuan Zhang, Ruiheng Zhao, Jingxuan Wan, Ying Nong
Summary: This study investigated the molecular mechanism of artesunate (ART) in treating asthma. The results showed that ART can attenuate inflammation, mucus secretion, and collagen fibers deposition in asthma. Further analysis revealed that ART exerts its protective function by downregulating phosphorylated p38 MAPK and suggests that FIZZ1 may be a potential target for asthma airway remodeling.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Prashant Kumar, Juan C. Zavala-Reyes, Gopinath Kalaiarasan, Hisham Abubakar-Waziri, Gloria Young, Ian Mudway, Claire Dilliway, Ramzi Lakhdar, Sharon Mumby, Michal M. Klosowski, Christopher C. Pain, Ian M. Adcock, Jonathan S. Watson, Mark A. Sephton, Kian Fan Chung, Alexandra E. Porter
Summary: The study examined the distribution characteristics of ultrafine particles in a London underground platform, finding that particle number concentrations gradually increased and reached a peak between 18:00 and 21:00. Harmful organic compounds and metal mixtures were also identified, highlighting the need for improved ventilation conditions in underground railway systems.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Alen Faiz, Stelios Pavlidis, Chih-Hsi Kuo, Anthony Rowe, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Wim Timens, Marijn Berg, Marissa Wisman, Yi-Ke Guo, Ratko Djukanovi, Peter Sterk, Kerstin B. Meyer, Martijn C. Nawijn, Ian Adcock, Kian Fan Chung, Maarten van den Berge
Summary: By analyzing the gene expression signatures in bronchial biopsies, we found that severe asthma and COPD share common characteristics such as relative corticosteroid insensitivity. Among COPD patients receiving inhaled corticosteroids, we identified a subgroup of patients with a TAC1 signature that was responsive to treatment, while the other two signatures (TAC2 and TAC3) were not affected. The presence of the TAC1 signature in bronchial biopsies was associated with corticosteroid responsiveness. This study has significant implications for personalized treatment decisions and outcome prediction in airway diseases.
Article
Respiratory System
Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam, Stelios Pavlidis, Gang Liu, Nazanin Zounemat Kermani, Jennifer Simpson, Joyce To, Sheila Donnelly, Yi-Ke Guo, Philip M. Hansbro, Simon Phipps, Eric F. Morand, Ratko Djukanovic, Peter Sterk, Kian Fan Chung, Ian Adcock, James Harris, Maria B. Sukkar
Summary: The study showed that MIF protein correlates with clinical and molecular features of severe neutrophilic asthma and reduces the biological activity of annexin-A1 through interaction, promoting glucocorticoid resistance of neutrophilic inflammation.
Article
Allergy
Mohamed H. Shamji, Markus Ollert, Ian M. Adcock, Oscar Bennett, Alberto Favaro, Roudin Sarama, Carmen Riggioni, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Adnan Custovic, Sara Fontanella, Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann, Kari Nadeau, Lorenzo Cecchi, Magdalena Zemelka-Wiacek, Cezmi A. Akdis, Marek Jutel, Ioana Agache
Summary: Allergic diseases and asthma are closely connected to our living environment and patterns of exposure. The utilization of artificial intelligence and machine-learning methods can help unlock the potential of complex environmental data sets for understanding causality models of exposure and intervention. This article discusses the progress and future prospects of applying these approaches, as well as examples of machine learning in allergic disease research and its integration with representative exposome data. The promise of artificial intelligence in personalized medicine and improving public health is also explored.
Review
Immunology
Gaetano Scaramuzzo, Nucera Francesco, Alessio Asmundo, Roberto Messina, Matilde Mari, Federica Montanaro, Matt D. Johansen, Francesco Monaco, Guido Fadda, Giovanni Tuccari, Nicole G. Hansbro, Philip M. Hansbro, Trevor T. Hansel, Ian M. Adcock, Antonio David, Paul Kirkham, Gaetano Caramori, Carlo Alberto Volta, Savino Spadaro
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause either asymptomatic cases or the severe disease COVID-19, which is characterized by varying levels of severity. Severe COVID-19 and death mainly result from acute (or acute on chronic) respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), often requiring hospital admission and ventilator support. The understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19-related ARDS (c-ARDS) is still limited. This review discusses the genetic susceptibility to COVID-19, the pathogenesis, local and systemic biomarkers associated with c-ARDS, and therapeutic options targeting the cell signaling pathways of c-ARDS.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Hisham Abubakar-Waziri, Gopinath Kalaiarasan, Rebecca Wawman, Faye Hobbs, Ian Adcock, Claire Dilliway, Fangxin Fang, Christopher Pain, Alexandra Porter, Pankaj K. Bhavsar, Emma Ransome, Vincent Savolainen, Prashant Kumar, Kian Fan Chung
Summary: During the easing of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in London, SARS-CoV2 RNA was detected in the air of hospital waiting areas, wards, and London Underground train carriages. This suggests that airborne transmission may be an important mode of spread. Further research is needed to determine the transmission potential of SARS-CoV2 detected in the air.
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Chloe I. Bloom, Ian M. Adcock
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Alen Faiz, Rashad M. Mahbub, Fia Sabrina Boedijono, Milan I. Tomassen, Wierd Kooistra, Wim Timens, Martijn Nawijn, Philip M. Hansbro, Matt D. Johansen, Simon D. Pouwels, Irene H. Heijink, Florian Massip, Maria Stella de Biase, Roland F. Schwarz, Ian M. Adcock, Kian F. Chung, Anne van der Does, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Helene Goulaouic, Heming Xing, Raolat Abdulai, Emanuele de Rinaldis, Danen Cunoosamy, Sivan Harel, David Lederer, Michael C. Nivens, Peter A. Wark, Huib A. M. Kerstjens, Machteld N. Hylkema, Corry-Anke Brandsma, Maarten van den Berge
Summary: Smoking leads to a decrease in IL-33 expression at the gene and protein level, possibly due to a reduction in resting basal cells. These findings may explain why anti-IL-33 treatment is more effective in former smokers with COPD.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yohannes Tesfaigzi, Jeffrey L. Curtis, Irina Petrache, Francesca Polverino, Farrah Kheradmand, Ian M. Adcock, Stephen I. Rennard
Summary: The onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is heterogeneous, and current approaches to define distinct disease phenotypes are lacking. This perspective discusses the role of different cell types in COPD pathogenesis and the application of new technologies in understanding the pathophysiology and clinical heterogeneity of COPD.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kasra Jahankhani, Fatemeh Ahangari, Ian M. Adcock, Esmaeil Mortaz
Summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has short-term and long-term effects, with potential to cause cancer in different organs through various strategies. These strategies include manipulation of the renin angiotensin system, alteration of tumor suppressing pathways, and triggering of inflammatory cascades. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to the development of cancer stem cells in multiple organs. However, long-term consequences of this virus and its proteins in cancer development will only be revealed over time.
Article
Immunology
Ruihua Hou, Gang Ye, Xiaojing Cheng, Dominick E. Shaw, Per S. Bakke, Massimo Caruso, Barbro Dahlen, Sven-Erik Dahlen, Stephen J. Fowler, Ildiko Horvath, Peter Howarth, Norbert Krug, Paolo Montuschi, Marek Sanak, Thomas Sandstrom, Charles Auffray, Bertrand De Meulder, Ana R. Sousa, Ian M. Adcock, Kian Fan Chung, Peter J. Sterk, Paul J. Skipp, James Schofield, Ratko Djukanovic
Summary: This study investigated the role of inflammation in comorbid anxiety and depression in asthma patients and found that severe asthma patients have higher levels of anxiety and depression, which may be associated with inflammatory responses.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Han-Kyul Kim, Ji-One Kang, Ji Eun Lim, Tae-Woong Ha, Hae Un Jung, Won Jun Lee, Dong Jun Kim, Eun Ju Baek, Ian M. M. Adcock, Kian Fan Chung, Tae-Bum Kim, Bermseok Oh
Summary: Using the UK Biobank dataset, we identified four distinct asthma subtypes based on onset age and lung function. Our study revealed that early onset asthma with reduced lung function had the highest genetic predisposition. Furthermore, clusters with reduced lung function were genetically distinct from clusters with normal lung function.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ALLERGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jennifer Rynne, Elena Ortiz-Zapater, Dustin C. Bagley, Onofrio Zanin, George Doherty, Varsha Kanabar, Jon Ward, David J. Jackson, Maddy Parsons, Jody Rosenblatt, Ian M. Adcock, Rocio T. Martinez-Nunez
Summary: The article discusses the importance of asthma as the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. It focuses on the expression and potential role of the TTP family of RNA binding proteins in asthma.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Sharon Mumby, Frederic Perros, Julien Grynblat, Gregoire Manaud, Alberto Papi, Paolo Casolari, Gaetano Caramori, Marc Humbert, S. John Wort, Ian M. Adcock
Summary: In this study, elevated levels of BET proteins were found in pulmonary vascular cells of PAH patients, and JQ1+ was able to suppress TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses. These findings suggest that BET proteins could be a potential target for treating PAH.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gang Liu, Tatt Jhong Haw, Malcolm R. Starkey, Ashleigh M. Philp, Stelios Pavlidis, Christina Nalkurthi, Prema M. Nair, Henry M. Gomez, Irwan Hanish, Alan CY. Hsu, Elinor Hortle, Sophie Pickles, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Raul San Jose Estepar, Jacqueline E. Marshall, Richard Y. Kim, Adam M. Collison, Joerg Mattes, Sobia Idrees, Alen Faiz, Nicole G. Hansbro, Ryutaro Fukui, Yusuke Murakami, Hong Sheng Cheng, Nguan Soon Tan, Sanjay H. Chotirmall, Jay C. Horvat, Paul S. Foster, Brian GG. Oliver, Francesca Polverino, Antonio Ieni, Francesco Monaco, Gaetano Caramori, Sukhwinder S. Sohal, Ken R. Bracke, Peter A. Wark, Ian M. Adcock, Kensuke Miyake, Don D. Sin, Philip M. Hansbro
Summary: TLR7 plays a crucial role in the development of emphysema and COPD through the modulation of mast cell activity. This finding highlights TLR7 as a potential therapeutic target for human lung inflammation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
