Vitamin E and Hippophea rhamnoides L. extract reduce nicotine-induced oxidative stress in rat heart

The effects of vitamin E and Hippophae rhamnoides L extract (HRe-I) on nicotine-induced oxidative stress in rat heart were investigated. There were eight rats per group and supplementation period was 3 weeks. The groups were nicotine 10 5 mg kg(-1)day(-1). intraperitoneal (1p)], nicotine plus vitamin E [75 mg kg(-1)day(-1), intragastric (1 g.)], nicotine plus HRe-1 (250 mg kg(-1)day(-1), 1.g.). and the control group (receiving only vehicles) Nicotine increased the malondialdehyde level, which was prevented by both vitamin E and HRe-1 Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in nicotine plus vitamin E supplemented group was higher than the others Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in nicotine plus HRe-1 supplemented group was increased compared with the control group Catalase activity was higher in nicotine group compared with others GPx activity in it plus vitamin E supplemented group was elevated compared with the others Total and nonenzymatic superoxide scavenger activities in nicotine plus vitamin E supplemented group were lower than nicotine plus HRc-1 supplemented group Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher in nicotine plus HRe-1 supplemented group compared with others Glutathione reductase activity and nitric oxide level were not affected Increased SOD and GST activities might have taken part in the prevention of nicotine-induced oxidative stress in HRe-1 supplemented group in rat heart Flavonols such as quercetin. and isorahmnetin. tocopherols such as a-tocopherol and beta-tocopherol and carotenoids such as alpha-carotene and beta-carotene, reported to be piesent in H rhanmoides L extracts may be responsible for the antioxidant effects of this plant extract Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd