Article
Neurosciences
Geet Shukla, Ken Parks, David W. Smith, Jed A. Hartings
Summary: This study examined the impact of CO2 levels on spreading depolarizations (SD), a mechanism and marker of acute lesion development in stroke and brain trauma. The results showed that maintaining hypocapnia or hypercapnia levels did not significantly affect the duration and number of SDs, suggesting that the therapeutic benefit of elevated CO2 therapy may be dependent on specific conditions or an acidic shift in pH.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Simon Woyke, Hermann Brugger, Mathias Stroehle, Thomas Haller, Hannes Gatterer, Tomas Dal Cappello, Giacomo Strapazzon
Summary: Completely avalanche-buried patients are at risk of experiencing a combination of hypoxia and hypercapnia, while patients with a long burial time and an air pocket may develop the triple H syndrome. This study investigated the effects of carbon dioxide and temperature on hemoglobin oxygen affinity, finding significant impacts on P50 values.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Peiying Liu, Dengrong Jiang, Marilyn Albert, Christopher E. Bauer, Arvind Caprihan, Brian T. Gold, Steven M. Greenberg, Karl G. Helmer, Kay Jann, Gregory Jicha, Pavel Rodriguez, Claudia L. Satizabal, Sudha Seshadri, Herpreet Singh, Jeffrey F. Thompson, Danny J. J. Wang, Hanzhang Lu
Summary: The study evaluated the reliability of CO2-CVR quantification across different studies, including inter-rater consistency, inter-scanner reproducibility, and test-retest repeatability. The results demonstrated good consistency of CO2-CVR in healthy volunteers, indicating its potential use as an imaging biomarker in multi-center studies and clinical trials.
Article
Fisheries
Muumin Iddi Hamad, Heiromin Amon Lamtane, Renalda Nanziga Munubi, Peter Vilhelm Skov
Summary: Photosynthesis and respiration have opposite effects on dissolved gases in earthen ponds. Daily variations in dissolved O2 and CO2 strongly affect the appetite and feed utilization in Nile tilapia. Hypoxia and hypercapnia individually and combined amplify the effects on appetite, growth rate, and feed conversion, while digestion is improved in groups exposed to fluctuations in dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Vittorio Stumpo, Martina Sebok, Christiaan Hendrik Bas van Niftrik, Katharina Seystahl, Nicolin Hainc, Zsolt Kulcsar, Michael Weller, Luca Regli, Jorn Fierstra
Summary: The study utilized BOLD MRI with CO2 and O-2 modulation to explore specific tumor tissue response patterns in glioblastoma patients, finding that quantification of BOLD signal change can identify specific responses. Combining this approach with automatic VOI segmentation improves characterization of tumor subzones and edema.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Giacomo Strapazzon, Simon Rauch, Sandro Malacrida, Tomas Dal Cappello, Enrica Governo, Bruna Catuzzo, Simona Mrakic-Sposta, Margherita Urgesi, Marika Falla, Gianluca Cavoretto, Enrico Visetti, Guido Giardini, Hermann Brugger, Federico Prato
Summary: The use of an artificial air-pocket device (AAPD) during snow burial can delay the onset of hypoxemia and asphyxia, improving the survival time of individuals buried in avalanches.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
David E. Anderson, Alexis N. Reeves, Wolf E. Mehling, Margaret A. Chesney
Summary: Regular practice of mild hypocapnic breathing that decreases resting etCO2 reliably decreases 24-h blood pressure in hypertensive postmenopausal women, with significant reductions observed in both daytime and nighttime systolic BP. Further research is needed to investigate whether these effects persist beyond the training period or can be observed in other hypertensive subgroups.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christian Arias-Reyes, Sofien Laouafa, Natalia Zubieta-DeUrioste, Vincent Joseph, Aida Bairam, Edith M. Schneider Gasser, Jorge Soliz
Summary: The study reveals that EPO stimulates CSN activity under hypoxic conditions at lower concentrations, but inhibits it at higher concentrations. The inhibitory effect of high-dose EPO on CSN activity may be attributed to an increase in nitric oxide production.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Trevor J. Hamilton, Martin Tresguerres, Garfield T. Kwan, Joshua Szaskiewicz, Brian Franczak, Tyler Cyronak, Andreas J. Andersson, David I. Kline
Summary: The study investigated the effects of CO2-induced ocean acidification on dopamine receptor-dependent behavior in bicolor damselfish. It found that exposure to ocean acidification increased anxiety levels in damselfish and altered the activity of dopaminergic pathways regulating behavior. These results suggest that changes in dopamine D1 receptor function affect fish behavior during exposure to ocean acidification.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuan-Sheng Tzeng, Yi-Jen Peng, Shih-En Tang, Kun-Lun Huang, Shi-Jye Chu, Shu-Yu Wu, Chia-Pi Cheng
Summary: Intermittent exposure to high carbon dioxide levels can effectively reduce the immune reaction to allogeneic skin graft rejection. It decreases the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the serum, reduces the proportion of CD8+ cells in draining lymph nodes, increases the generation rate of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in the spleen, and eliminates infiltrated neutrophils.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hyun Jung Lee, Jae Hee Woo, Sooyoung Cho, Sunyoung Moon, Sook Whan Sung
Summary: A retrospective study found that transcutaneous carbon dioxide (PtcCO2) monitoring accurately measures arterial carbon dioxide and is more sensitive in predicting hypercapnia during non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) compared to nasal end-tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2) monitoring. These results suggest that concurrent PtcCO2 monitoring can provide safer respiratory management for patients undergoing non-intubated VATS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Piotr Niewinski, Stanislaw Tubek, Julian F. R. Paton, Waldemar Banasiak, Piotr Ponikowski
Summary: Bilateral carotid body resection (bCBR) eliminates hypoxic ventilatory response in congestive heart failure patients, resulting in lower blood oxygen saturation. However, the ventilatory response to hypercapnia is preserved, sufficient to maintain adequate oxygen saturation levels.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Biology
Caroline B. Ferreira, Talita M. Silva, Phelipe E. Silva, Claudio L. Castro, Catherine Czeisler, Jose J. Otero, Ana C. Takakura, Thiago S. Moreira
Summary: Mutations in the Phox2b gene, specifically the non-polyalanine repeat expansion mutations (NPARM) form, were found to affect respiratory control and the number of certain neurons. This study contributes to our understanding of the neuropathology of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) and provides new evidence for the mechanisms underlying NPARM CCHS.
Review
Physiology
Vitalii Kryvenko, Istvan Vadasz
Summary: Protein transcription, translation, and folding are essential processes in living cells, with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) playing a crucial role in these functions. Elevated CO2 levels can impair ER function, leading to both adaptive and maladaptive regulation of protein folding and maturation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rup K. K. Sainju, Deidre N. N. Dragon, Harold B. B. Winnike, Laura Vilella, Xiaojin Li, Samden Lhatoo, Patrick Ten Eyck, Linder H. H. Wendt, George B. B. Richerson, Brian K. K. Gehlbach
Summary: It is believed that severe respiratory dysfunction caused by generalized convulsive seizures is a common mechanism for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. This study examined the respiratory variability in epilepsy patients and found it to be a predictor of postictal hypoxemia severity, a potential biomarker for SUDEP risk. The study also found a relationship between respiratory variability and central CO2 drive.
Article
Biology
Naim M. Bautista, Christian Damsgaard, Angela Fago, Tobias Wang
Summary: This study demonstrates that during diving, crocodilians primarily accumulate CO2 within erythrocytes, where most of it binds to hemoglobin. The binding of HCO3- is tightly associated with the progressive blood deoxygenation during diving, showing a difference from the classic vertebrate pattern.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Denis Abramochkin, Vladislav S. Kuzmin, Vladimir Matchkov, Andrey A. Kamensky, Tobias Wang
Summary: The study identified the primary pacemaker site in squamate heart at the base of the right leaflet of the sinoatrial valve, with latent pacemakers found in a circular region around it. Introduction of acetylcholine or noradrenaline near the SAV induced shifts in the pacemaker site. Additionally, cardiomyocytes in the SAV region exhibited similar properties to working myocytes from the sinus venosus, but some cells lacked the background inward rectifier current (I-K1) and had a pacemaker current identified as 'funny' (I-f).
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Physiology
William Joyce, Tobias Wang
Summary: Acute exposure to low oxygen leads to conflicting demands on the heart, resulting in tachycardia or bradycardia. While mammals and fishes show different mechanisms in heart rate regulation during hypoxia, there are similarities in the underlying mechanisms. Bradycardia may primarily serve to protect the heart.
Editorial Material
Physiology
Steve F. Perry, Tobias Wang
Article
Biology
Magnus L. Aaskov, Rasmus J. Jensen, Peter Vilhelm Skov, Chris M. Wood, Tobias Wang, Hans Malte, Mark Bayley
Summary: The South American Arapaima gigas, a highly air-reliant fish, utilizes distinct transfer pathways for oxygen and carbon dioxide. In severely hypoxic water, the fish shifts the partitioning of carbon dioxide to the air phase, eliminating the risk of oxygen loss in the gills. Furthermore, the fish's metabolic fuel utilization remains unchanged under different water oxygenation levels.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roy E. Weber, Christian Damsgaard, Angela Fago, Adalberto L. Val, Luc Moens
Summary: The evolutionary and ontogenetic changes from water-to air-breathing result in major changes in the cardio-respiratory systems. However, this study found that the oxygen binding properties of hemoglobin in the obligate air-breathing pirarucu remained unchanged during ontogenetic transitions, despite the differences in oxygen availability between water and air.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Benjamin J. van Soldt, Tobias Wang, Renato Filogonio, Carl Christian Danielsen
Summary: This study compared the morphological and mechanical characteristics of aortas and pulmonary arteries in different snake species to investigate the relationship between intraventricular pressure separation and vessel properties. The findings suggest that genetic factors may play a stronger role in protecting fragile pulmonary vasculature than physiological parameters.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biology
Till S. Harter, Christian Damsgaard, Matthew D. Regan
Summary: The gill is the primary site of ionoregulation and gas exchange in adult teleost fishes. Differences in gill characteristics and hemoglobin-O2 affinities between freshwater (FW) and seawater (SW) species affect oxygen diffusion and ion regulation, with FW fishes compensating for lower diffusive oxygen conductance with higher hemoglobin-O2 affinity. Both FW and SW teleosts can achieve similar maximal rates of oxygen consumption and hypoxia tolerance through different combinations of hemoglobin-O2 affinity and diffusive oxygen conductance. The relationship between aerobic performance and species distribution ranges is influenced by these factors, leading to novel hypotheses in fish physiology.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Christian Damsgaard, Michael W. Country
Summary: This review primarily discusses the mechanisms and physiological trade-offs underlying retinal oxygen supply in vertebrates and explores how these physiological systems have supported the evolution of vision.
Article
Physiology
Vibeke S. S. Elbrond, Morten B. B. Thomsen, Jonas L. L. Isaksen, Ester D. D. Lunde, Stefano Vincenti, Tobias Wang, Jorgen Tranum-Jensen, Kirstine Calloe
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate and evaluate the relationship between the unique electrical axis pattern in the horse heart and the distribution and histology of the conduction system. The results showed that the direction of the electrical axis in the equine heart is determined by the structure of the intramural Purkinje fiber network, rather than being related to ventricular mass.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
R. B. Shartau, T. S. Harter, D. W. Baker, D. L. Aboagye, P. J. Allen, A. L. Val, D. A. Crossley Ii, Z. F. Kohl, C. Damsgaard, M. S. Hedrick, C. J. Brauner
Summary: High CO2 levels can have significant effects on the acid-base regulation in fishes, but the understanding of their acute CO2 tolerance thresholds is limited. This study investigates the relationship between CO2 tolerance and physiological/ecological traits in fishes, using a ramping assay called CDmax. The results show that fishes have high tolerance to CO2, which is associated with air-breathing, but further research is needed to understand the basis of this tolerance.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bjarke Jensen, Antoon Fransiscus Maria Moorman, Tobias Wang, Peter Rask Moller, Jose Manuel Icardo, Henrik Lauridsen
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simone K. A. Videsen, Malene Simon, Fredrik Christiansen, Ari Friedlaender, Jeremy Goldbogen, Hans Malte, Paolo Segre, Tobias Wang, Mark Johnson, Peter T. Madsen
Summary: Giant rorqual whales have a massive food turnover driven by a high-intake lunge feeding style, which is considered the largest biomechanical action. This feeding behavior, although high-drag, is energetically cheap, allowing rorquals to be flexible in exploiting different prey patches and resilient to environmental fluctuations and disturbance. As a result, the ecological role and food turnover of these marine giants are likely overestimated.
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christian Damsgaard, Henrik Lauridsen, Till Harter, Garfield Kwan, Jesper Thomsen, Anette Funder, Claudiu Supuran, Martin Tresguerres, Philip Matthews, Colin Brauner