Article
Geography, Physical
Jordan Fields, Carl Renshaw, Francis Magilligan, Evan Dethier, Rebecca Rossi
Summary: Studies on post-disturbance recovery in alluvial channels have shown that the relationship between form and process, as well as the mechanisms driving recovery, are not fully understood. After the removal of a small upland dam in New England, rapid adjustments were observed in the former reservoir and downstream channels followed by relative stability after a 2-year flow, indicating a pattern of two-phase model of channel recovery.
Article
Geography, Physical
Ming Tang, Y. Jun Xu, Wei Xu, Bo Wang, Heqin Cheng
Summary: The study investigates sediment dynamics near the mouth of the Atchafalaya River, showing that despite reduced sediment delivery, the backwater zone of lowland alluvial rivers may still experience aggradation. Data analysis revealed both erosion and deposition in the study area, with substantial aggradation found in the final 35 km of the natural mainstem. The findings suggest that channel erosion in the upstream reach may continue while sea level rise could accelerate channel deposition downstream.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marwan A. Hassan, Matteo Saletti, Conor McDowell, Wenqi Li
Summary: Based on an extensive 18-year data set from East Creek in British Columbia, field observations indicate that the step-pool morphology remains stable under a wide range of flows. Most events show no significant changes in sediment storage, and the mobility of sediment particles is controlled by sediment supply rather than flow magnitude.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
V. Roseborough, D. G. Horvath, M. C. Palucis
Summary: The Gale crater on Mars contains evidence of ancient lakes during the Hesperian and Amazonian periods, with studies suggesting multiple stable lake levels and a drying trend from subhumid to semiarid conditions. Hydrologic modeling and crater counting indicate coeval lakes forming from a regional groundwater table, with intermittent surface water persisting until the Early Amazonian. This research has implications for understanding water sources affecting sediments studied by the Curiosity rover.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Joanna Crowe Curran, Kristen Cannatelli Coveleski
Summary: The study focuses on the channel morphology changes and process responses after dam removal. It found that the sediment composition, flow rates, and erosion rates all play a role in shaping downstream channel morphology, with differences in sediment transport and erosion between gravel, sand, and silt sediments.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Philipe Ratton, Tobias Bernward Bleninger, Rodrigo Bahia Pereira, Fabio Verissimo Goncalves
Summary: This paper compares bedload transport rates estimated with direct and indirect methods in a river with sand dunes in Brazil. The results show good agreement between methodologies, indicating the potential of using ADCPs for hydro sedimentological studies due to the advantages of integrating bathymetry, flow velocity, and bedload data.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Amy E. E. East, Lee R. R. Harrison, Douglas P. P. Smith, Joshua B. B. Logan, Rosealea M. M. Bond
Summary: Measuring river response to dam removal provides an important opportunity to study the impact of sediment pulses on fluvial systems. This study focused on the Carmel River in California, measuring geomorphic and grain-size changes over a period of 8 years, with 6 years after the removal of a 32 m-high dam. The study found that the sediment release following dam removal was relatively small, and the geomorphic changes were primarily driven by flow rather than the increase in sediment supply. It suggests that large dam removals may not necessarily have significant downstream impacts.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Luca Mao
Summary: This article reports on the main morphological and ecological features of the Silala River in the arid region of Antofagasta in Chile. The study found that the river has typical step/pool-plane bed morphology and supports a thriving population of rainbow trout. The river is classified as having overall good morphological conditions and exhibits a permanent flow regime.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-WATER
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
R. J. Mason, S. P. Rice, M. F. Johnson, P. J. Wood, D. Vettori
Summary: The importance of two-way interactions between animals and the physical hydraulic and sedimentological environment are increasingly recognized. This study focuses on the impact of caddisfly cases on sediment transport in rivers. The results show that different species of caddisflies have different adaptations to turbulent hydraulic river habitat, and un-attached tubular caddisfly cases may be preferentially transported over other particles on the river bed, increasing fluvial entrainment of sand.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Liheng Guan, J. S. Salinas, N. Zgheib, S. Balachandar
Summary: The study found that the existence of bed-penetrating Kelvin-Helmholtz vortex packets, coupled with particle inertia, are primarily responsible for the large scatter in sediment flux. While Euler-Euler simulations can reliably capture the variation of turbulent shear stress, they are not able to accurately reflect the wide distribution of sediment flux indicating saltating transport.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Anshul Yadav, Richard J. Boothroyd, Gregory H. Sambrook H. Smith, Sumit Sen
Summary: In this study, morphological adjustments of the Yamuna River in the Himalayan foothills were explored using remote sensing techniques. Results showed that the active channel narrowed significantly after the construction of the Lakhwar-Vyasi Dam, with a 67% reduction in mean active channel width from 1989 to 2021. Increased sand mining activities in the active channel were observed after 2015. The combined effects of flow regulation and mining activities have altered the river morphology, and further human activities can be damaging for the river regime.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jacob A. Morgan, Peter A. Nelson
Summary: Gravel-bed rivers typically have shallow riffles in wide sections and deeper pools in narrow areas. This study investigated how two different channel geometries, constant-width and variable-width, respond to changing flow and sediment supply in a flume experiment. The results showed that the variable-width channel developed bed undulations representing riffle-pools, while the straight channel had a significant increase in slope with increased sediment supply. Pool elevation changes were twice the distance of bar elevations, highlighting the importance of pool scour for riffle-pool self-maintenance in channels with width variations.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Kyle Stark, Daniel Cadol, David Varyu, Jonathan B. Laronne
Summary: A lack of field measurements in sandy gravel-bed rivers led to the construction of a sediment monitoring facility in New Mexico, USA. The research revealed high bedload flux and suspended sediment in the Arroyo de los Pinos, with hysteresis in bedload flux response. The channel is hyper-efficient at transporting sediment during short but active flash flood events.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Sobhan Moradi, Kazem Esmaili, Saeed Reza Khodashenas
Summary: This study experimentally analyzes the impact of a floodplain's parallel wall with a compound meandering main channel on hydraulic flow. Various hydraulic parameters were considered, and measurements were taken at different cross sections. The results showed that lower relative depths contribute to higher flood damage due to vortexes and turbulence intensity. The study also identified optimal positions for hydraulic investigation in meandering rivers and observed sediment deposition patterns. The ratio of flow velocities in the inner and outer banks differed, and increasing relative depth affected velocity ratios and bed shear stress.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Craig B. Brinkerhoff, Colin J. Gleason, Christopher J. Zappa, Peter A. Raymond, Merritt E. Harlan
Summary: Two decades of research have shown that the global river network emits significant amounts of greenhouse gas. This article proposes a new algorithm, BIKER, which can remotely predict the temporal variation of gas exchange in rivers solely based on observations from the SWOT satellite. The algorithm performs well in inferring the temporal dynamics of gas exchange but has limitations in reproducing the absolute rates of exchange.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Haihua Wang, Huaiyang Ke, Hongping Wu, Siyuan Ma, Muhammad Mohsin Altaf, Xiaoping Diao
Summary: Carbon storage in mangroves is crucial for mitigating climate change, but our understanding of this aspect is limited. This study investigated the seasonal changes in the carbon metabolic profile of microbial communities in mangrove soils on Hainan Island, China, and found that season plays a critical role in shaping the carbon functional diversity of microbial communities.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Donghui Zhao, Congcong Shen, Zhi-Ming Zhang, Jichen Wang, Li-Mei Zhang, Baodong Chen, Guo-Xin Sun, Yuan Ge
Summary: By studying soil samples from different slope directions along an elevational gradient in a mountain ecosystem, we found that soil bacterial diversity and microbial functions exhibit distinct elevational patterns, which are consistent across slope directions. The bacterial diversity shows a hump-shaped pattern, while microbial functions exhibit a linear increasing trend. Additionally, the beta diversity pattern of soil bacteria is significantly influenced by elevational distance decay relationships. Soil bacterial diversity patterns are determined by transitions in community assembly processes, whereas microbial functions are mainly influenced by bacterial community composition.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Guanfang Sun, Yan Zhu, Wei Mao, Yonghong Li, Jinzhong Yang, Zhaoliang Gao
Summary: This study developed a water and salt balance model to predict long-term water and salt dynamics in seasonally frozen arid agricultural regions. The model was validated in a region in China and showed that increasing autumn irrigation water can decrease soil salinity during the irrigation period, but has limited impact on long-term average soil salinity.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alfredo Mayoral, Ana Ejarque, Arnau Garcia-Molsosa, Mercourios Georgiadis, Giannis Apostolou, Vincent Gaertner, Constantina Kallintzi, Eurydice Kefalidou, Hector Orengo
Summary: This paper presents an integrated Geoarchaeological approach to studying the landscape change and socio-environmental interaction around ancient Abdera. The study uses a combination of remote sensing, geomorphological mapping, sedimentary coring, and radiocarbon dating to reconstruct the palaeogeographic evolution of the area. The results challenge previous narratives about the rise and decline of Abdera and provide new insights into the role of historical and environmental factors. It also introduces evidence of submerged Neolithic landscapes and the impact of anthropogenic forcing on the sedimentary systems.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jiale Chen, Michael Dannenmann, Qiang Yu, Yalong Shi, Matthew D. Wallenstein, Xinguo Han, Honghui Wu, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
Summary: This study investigated the effects of temperature and moisture on soil nitrogen turnover through field experiments and laboratory incubation experiments. The results showed that soil temperature had a greater explanatory power than moisture in gross ammonification and nitrification rates. Climate warming may have a greater impact on gross nitrogen turnover compared to changes in rainfall.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhen Han, Xiuchao Yang, Xiaoai Yin, Qian Fang, Longshan Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of exposed root distribution patterns on rainfall-runoff processes. The results showed that the distribution patterns of exposed root had a significant impact on rainfall-runoff processes. A vertical slope arrangement was conducive to rainfall infiltration, a parallel slope arrangement resulted in more surface runoff, and a transverse slope arrangement could reduce water loss.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bo Zhao
Summary: Seismic earthflows, as special seismic landslides, have not received much attention in previous studies. This study analyzed the characteristics and movement of earthflows induced by recent earthquakes. The results showed that earthflows occur in high-rainfall areas and are sensitive to rainfall. Compared to other seismic landslides, seismic earthflows occur on gentler hills and have higher mobility.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tingxi Liu, Xueqin Wang, Mingyang Li, Dongfang Li, Limin Duan, Xin Tong, Guanli Wang
Summary: Soil respiration plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle in arid and semi-arid regions, and is regulated by hydrothermal factors. This study examined the seasonal and diurnal dynamics of soil respiration in two typical ecosystems in northern China, and investigated their responses to precipitation, temperature, and drought. The results showed that soil respiration varied seasonally and diurnally, and its response to environmental factors depended on the ecosystem type and soil moisture status. Incorporating multiple factors into carbon cycle models can improve the simulation and prediction of carbon emissions in arid and semi-arid regions.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yaochen Xu, Ninghua Chen, Deguo Zhang, Bowen Gao, Xuhua Weng, Hongcheng Qiu
Summary: This study provides systematic investigation on how yardangs exert control over dune morphology, and reveals the intricate wind dynamics and mechanisms involved. Computational fluid dynamics modeling and remote sensing data further support the observations and shed light on the influences of yardangs on wind deposition and dune formation.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yuri Lopes Zinn, Welton Pereira da Rocha Jr
Summary: This study assessed the evolution of Journal Impact Factors (JIF) and related data in the field of Soil Science over a 26-year period, and compared it with the field of Agronomy. The results showed a significant growth in JIFs and output in Soil Science, with commercial scientific publishers' journals experiencing higher growth rates than non-profit journals. The study also highlighted the importance of considering not only JIF, but also the bibliometric footprint, in determining the relevance and leadership of journals in the discipline.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shanshan Liao, Xiaodong Nie, Aoqi Zeng, Wenfei Liao, Yi Liu, Zhongwu Li
Summary: Lake drawdown areas, where sediment is exposed due to water level fluctuations, have a significant impact on the carbon cycle. This study examined microbial necromass carbon (MNC) content and its contribution to soil organic carbon (SOC) in different habitats within the drawdown area of Dongting Lake. The results showed that MNC content varied among habitats and was primarily influenced by carbon and nitrogen availability, plant biomass, clay content, and soil moisture. External factors, such as plant and soil properties, played a more crucial role in the long-term accumulation of MNC. These findings enhance our understanding of MNC stability in drawdown areas.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Vanessa Alves Mantovani, Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos Terra, Andre Ferreira Rodrigues, Carlos Alberto Silva, Li Guo, Jose Marcio de Mello, Carlos Rogerio de Mello
Summary: There is a lack of research on the potential of tropical soils in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome to store carbon. This study aimed to determine the soil carbon stocks at different depths, describe their temporal variability, and identify the main drivers that influence their variations. The results showed significant spatial and seasonal variability in soil carbon stocks, with a high accumulation in December and a low accumulation in August. The study also found that litterfall, throughfall, tree sizes, and soil moisture were important factors affecting the distribution of soil carbon.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Anais Zimmer, Timothy Beach, Sheryl Luzzadder-Beach, Antoine Rabatel, Rolando Cruz Encarnacion, Joshua Lopez Robles, Edison Jara Tarazona, Arnaud J. A. M. Temme
Summary: Climate warming has accelerated glacial retreat and soil formation in mountainous regions. The accumulation of soil organic carbon and nitrogen is influenced by environmental factors, with maximum temperature and initial site conditions playing important roles in soil development.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ren-Min Yang, Lai-Ming Huang, Feng Liu
Summary: This study investigated the soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in seasonally frozen ground (SFG) in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, in 2020 and 2021, and explored the effects of various factors on SOC using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that C inputs exerted the greatest control on SOC, and the influence of these factors decreased with increasing soil depth. Additionally, timely spatial SOC estimates were found to be important for assessing carbon stocks in the context of environmental changes.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shue Wei, Kuandi Zhang, Chenglong Liu, Youdong Cen, Junqiang Xia
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of different vegetation components on erosion through simulated rainfall experiments and found that litter had the best effect in reducing erosion, followed by roots. The study also revealed that the reduction in runoff and sediment by the treatments decreased with increasing rainfall intensity.