Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kabelo Mokgalaboni, Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla, Bongani B. Nkambule
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effect of statins on endothelial function in adults with type 2 diabetes and explore whether these biomarkers are ideal therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kabelo Mokgalaboni, Sanele Dlamini, Wendy N. Phoswa, Perpetua Modjadji, Sogolo L. Lebelo
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease and mortality rates worldwide. Despite the use of pharmaceutical drugs, diabetes prevalence is alarmingly rising, necessitating the search for remedies with lower toxicity. Pomegranate, known for its properties and safety, has been investigated in research and trials. However, conflicting reports exist on its effects in diabetes. Therefore, this systematic review analyzed evidence from preclinical and clinical trials, focusing on oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial function in diabetes. The analyzed evidence suggests that pomegranate has the potential to alleviate these markers, but further clinical trials are needed for validation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Longsheng Liao, Yamei Liu, Chunxiang Zheng, Yuan Xiang, Zhe Zhang, Xunjie Cheng, Yongping Bai
Summary: The study found that the use of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving intensive glycemic therapy can lower the overall mortality rate, while the effects on cardiovascular mortality and primary outcomes are minimal.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chui Yiu Bamboo Chook, Yiu Ming Cheung, Ka Ying Ma, Fung Ping Leung, Hanyue Zhu, Qingshan Jason Niu, Wing Tak Wong, Zhen-Yu Chen
Summary: Research found that cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in type 2 diabetes, and current diabetic medications have limited effects on cardiovascular mortality. Experiments on mouse aortas showed that protocatechuic acid (PCA) can improve endothelial function and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The protection on cardiovascular function is exerted through the Akt/eNOS pathway. Therefore, it is recommended for diabetic patients to consume an appropriate amount of PCA daily.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatsuya Maruhashi, Yukihito Higashi
Summary: Endothelial dysfunction is crucial in the progression of atherosclerosis and is significantly associated with diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress. Selecting appropriate therapeutic interventions that improve endothelial function is important for preventing diabetic vascular complications. Various hypoglycemic drugs and agents like GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors may improve endothelial function through multiple mechanisms independent of glucose control or insulin signaling.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bernadeta Chyrchel, Olga Kruszelnicka, Andrzej Surdacki
Summary: This study compared the effects of ticagrelor and clopidogrel on endothelial biomarkers and platelet reactivity in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The results showed that ticagrelor users had decreased platelet aggregation and soluble P-selectin levels compared to clopidogrel users. In addition, T2DM patients on ticagrelor had lower levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 compared to those on clopidogrel.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Morten Malmborg, Michelle D. S. Schmiegelow, Thomas Gerds, Morten Schou, Caroline Kistorp, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Gunnar Gislason
Summary: This study demonstrates that primary prevention with statins can reduce the risk of cardiovascular events or death in low-risk patients with T2D, with the greatest benefit seen in elderly patients and those with high adherence to statin treatment.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xuemei Li, Yang Liu, Anqiang Cao, Chao Li, Luodan Wang, Qing Wu, Xinlei Li, Xiaohong Lv, Jiwei Zhu, Hua Chun, Ciren Laba, Xingchi Du, Yafang Zhang, Huike Yang
Summary: This study demonstrated that crocin improved mitochondrial dysfunction by enhancing mitochondrial membrane potential, mass, and fusion. KCa3.1 was found to be located in the mitochondrion, and its blockade or silencing improved mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced excessive ROS generation. Crocin also suppressed ROS-induced KCa3.1 overexpression, thereby reducing ROS generation and endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michal Dubsky, Jiri Veleba, Dominika Sojakova, Natalia Marhefkova, Vladimira Fejfarova, Edward B. Jude
Summary: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is an important indicator of future atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, particularly in individuals with diabetes. This article provides a summary of the evidence regarding ED in people with diabetes and explores various factors that can influence the presence and severity of ED and its consequences. The article emphasizes the lack of data on ED in type 1 diabetes and discusses the relationship between ED and arterial stiffness. Interesting studies have shown that ED affects microRNA, microvesicles, lipid levels, and the endoplasmic reticulum. A better understanding of ED could offer valuable insights into the microvascular complications of diabetes, their treatment, and even their prevention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel L. Washburn, Karl Mueller, Gurvinder Kaur, Tanir Moreno, Naima Moustaid-Moussa, Latha Ramalingam, Jannette M. Dufour
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease affecting one-third of the United States population, characterized by hyperglycemia. For patients with Type 1 diabetes, C-peptide may have potential therapeutic effects on various complications.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Masoud Khorshidi, Aliakbar Sayyari, Naheed Aryaeian, Beheshteh Olang, Mohammadreza Alaei, Mitra Khalili, Amirhossein Hosseini, Masoud Salehi
Summary: This study found that omega-3 supplementation can improve vascular function and reduce triglyceride levels in adolescents with T1DM, potentially reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yao Fan, Juan Wang, Haidi Wu, Lingli Dai, Lan Wang, Liubao Gu
Summary: This study investigated the association between statin therapy and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients over the age of 75. The results showed no significant association between statin use and all-cause mortality, as well as deaths caused by ischemic cardiovascular diseases in T2DM patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Meleeka Akbarpour, Divya Devineni, Yufan Gong, Nathan D. Wong
Summary: This study examined lipid levels and treatment status in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), finding a lack of guideline-recommended use of high-intensity statins and inadequately controlled LDL-C among high-risk DM patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhengyao Cai, Suxin Yuan, Yi Zhong, Li Deng, Jiafu Li, Xiaoqiu Tan, Jian Feng
Summary: Diabetes eventually leads to chronic vascular complications, with TGR5 potentially serving as a novel therapeutic target for diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raffaele Maio, Edoardo Suraci, Benedetto Caroleo, Cristina Politi, Simona Gigliotti, Angela Sciacqua, Francesco Andreozzi, Francesco Perticone, Maria Perticone
Summary: The study suggests that endothelial dysfunction plays a significant role in the pathways leading to diabetes and cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. Analysis using an illness-event model indicates that a decrease in forearm blood flow is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and diabetes in these patients.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kashan Ali, Chim C. C. Lang, Jeffrey T. J. Huang, Anna-Maria Choy
Summary: Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of arterial thrombosis, resulting in acute occlusive cardiovascular syndromes. Existing risk prediction models for cardiovascular events do not typically incorporate biomarkers that may improve their accuracy. Various biomarkers related to cardiac stress, inflammation, matrix remodeling, and endothelial dysfunction have been investigated, as well as imaging biomarkers that show promise in detecting atherosclerosis and predicting cardiovascular events. Further research is ongoing to identify biologically relevant biomarkers and improve risk prediction models. This article provides an overview of the current literature on blood-based and imaging biomarkers of atherosclerosis, as well as potential future directions.
CARDIOLOGY IN REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Eva M. Boorsma, Jozine M. Ter Maaten, Kevin Damman, Bart J. van Essen, Faiez Zannad, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Nilesh J. Samani, Kenneth Dickstein, Marco Metra, Gerasimos Filippatos, Chim C. Lang, Leong Ng, Stefan D. Anker, John G. Cleland, Pierpaolo Pellicori, Ron T. Gansevoort, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Adriaan A. Voors, Johanna E. Emmens
Summary: Albuminuria is common in patients with heart failure and is associated with clinical symptoms and biomarkers of congestion. It is also related to the severity and prognosis of heart failure.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Eerde H. Weening, Ali A. Al-Mubarak, Martin M. Dokter, Kenneth Dickstein, Chim C. Lang, Leong L. Ng, Marco Metra, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Daan J. Touw, Rudolf A. de Boer, Ron T. Gansevoort, Adriaan A. Voors, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Peter van der Meer, Nils Bomer
Summary: The study found that serum selenium levels are associated with the incidence of heart failure and metabolic syndrome. There are notable differences between males and females in food intake and micronutrient metabolism, possibly explaining different health outcomes.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Camilla C. S. van Der Hoef, Eva M. M. Boorsma, Johanna E. E. Emmens, Bart J. J. van Essen, Marco Metra, Leong L. L. Ng, Stefan D. D. Anker, Kenneth Dickstein, Ify R. R. Mordi, Adel Dihoum, Chim C. C. Lang, Dirk J. J. van Veldhuisen, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Adriaan A. A. Voors
Summary: This study investigated the clinical and biomarker correlates of metabolic syndrome in patients with heart failure. It found that metabolic syndrome is associated with obesity, lipid metabolism, and chronic inflammation-related biomarkers and pathways underlying heart failure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ebiambu Ondoh Agwara, Nicholas Tendongfor, Promise Tamunoipiriala Jaja, Anna Maria Choy, Thomas Obinchemti Egbe
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and knowledge of obesity and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) among pregnant women in the Fako Division. The study found that the prevalence of obesity in pregnancy and excessive GWG were 42.3% and 41.6% respectively, and late ANC booking was associated with excessive GWG.
PAN AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
George Markousis-Mavrogenis, Waldemar B. Minich, Ali A. Al-Mubarak, Stefan D. Anker, John G. F. Cleland, Kenneth Dickstein, Chim C. Lang, Leong L. Ng, Nilesh J. Samani, Faiez Zannad, Marco Metra, Petra Seemann, Antonia Hoeg, Patricio Lopez, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Rudolf A. de Boer, Adriaan A. Voors, Peter van der Meer, Lutz Schomburg, Nils Bomer
Summary: The study examined the importance of autoantibodies against adrenergic/muscarinic receptors in heart failure. The findings suggest that anti-beta 1 AABs are independently associated with HF rehospitalization, while other AABs are mainly related to comorbidities and medication use.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marie-Sophie L. Y. de Koning, Johanna E. Emmens, Esteban Romero-Hernandez, Arno R. Bourgonje, Solmaz Assa, Sylwia M. Figarska, John G. F. Cleland, Nilesh J. Samani, Leong L. Ng, Chim C. Lang, Marco Metra, Gerasimos S. Filippatos, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Stefan D. Anker, Kenneth Dickstein, Adriaan A. Voors, Erik Lipsic, Harry van Goor, Pim van der Harst
Summary: This study investigated the associations between serum-free thiol concentrations and disease severity and clinical outcome in patients with heart failure. The results showed that lower serum-free thiol concentrations were associated with higher oxidative stress, increased HF severity, and poorer prognosis.
CLINICAL RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Adel Dihoum, Graham Rena, Ewan R. Pearson, Chim C. Lang, Ify R. Mordi
Summary: Metformin has been the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, but recent cardiovascular outcome trials have raised doubts about its position. While there are potential cardiovascular benefits of metformin, especially its anti-inflammatory effects and metabolic properties, the main clinical trial data for metformin is outdated. More contemporary randomized trials evaluating metformin's cardiovascular benefit are needed.
EXPERT OPINION ON INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Koen W. Streng, Hans L. Hillege, Jozine M. ter Maaten, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Kenneth Dickstein, Nilesh J. Samani, Leong L. Ng, Marco Metra, Gerasimos S. Filippatos, Piotr Ponikowski, Faiez Zannad, Stefan D. Anker, Peter van der Meer, Chim C. Lang, Adriaan A. Voors, Kevin Damman
Summary: A study found that the causes of renal dysfunction differ between heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The study measured various urinary markers reflecting different nephron segments in heart failure patients and found that HFpEF patients showed more evidence of tubular damage and/or dysfunction, especially when glomerular function was preserved.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Javed Khan, Fraser J. Graham, Gabriele Masini, Antonio Iaconelli, Jocelyn M. Friday, Chim C. Lang, Pierpaolo Pellicori
Summary: This review discusses strategies for early identification and objective management of congestion in heart failure patients. Using ultrasound to combine echocardiography with assessment of great veins, lungs, and kidneys can aid in recognizing and quantifying congestion, which is still difficult and subjective to manage.
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Calum Forteath, Ify Mordi, Raid Nisr, Erika J. Gutierrez-Lara, Noor Alqurashi, Iain R. Phair, Amy R. Cameron, Craig Beall, Ibrahim Bahr, Mohapradeep Mohan, Aaron K. F. Wong, Adel Dihoum, Anwar Mohammad, Colin N. A. Palmer, Douglas Lamont, Kei Sakamoto, Benoit Viollet, Marc Foretz, Chim C. Lang, Graham Rena
Summary: Using cellular approaches and proteomics, we found that metformin therapy for diabetes alters the regulation of branched chain amino acids through the suppression of the amino acid transporter SNAT2.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
K. Y. K. Wong, D. A. Hughes, M. Debski, N. Latt, O. Assaf, A. Abdelrahman, R. Taylor, V. Allgar, L. Mcneill, S. Howard, S. Y. S. Wong, R. Jones, C. J. Cassidy, A. Seed, G. Galasko, A. Clark, D. Wilson, G. K. Davis, A. Montasem, C. C. Lang, P. R. Kalra, R. Campbell, G. Y. H. Lip, J. G. F. Cleland
Summary: This study compared inpatient and outpatient management for patients with acute heart failure through a randomized controlled trial. The results showed that outpatient management was associated with higher quality of life, better mental well-being, and cost savings. Although there were no significant differences in mortality and readmission rates between inpatient and outpatient management, patients in the outpatient group had more days alive out of the hospital.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zhen Hui Peh, Adel Dihoum, Dana Hutton, J. Simon C. Arthur, Graham Rena, Faisel Khan, Chim C. C. Lang, Ify R. Mordi
Summary: HFpEF is a type of heart failure that accounts for around half of all cases and may become the dominant type in the future. Compared to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, there are limited evidence-based treatment strategies available for HFpEF. Inflammation is believed to play a key role in the pathophysiology of HFpEF and could be a potential therapeutic target.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mon Myat Oo, Jasper Tromp, Chuang Gao, Y. M. Hummel, Magalie Guignard-Duff, Christian Cole, Emily Jefferson, James Hare, Rudolf A. De Boer, Adriaan Voors, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Chim C. Lang
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE
(2023)