Article
Biology
Gabriela C. Olivera, Emily C. Ross, Christiane Peuckert, Antonio Barragan
Summary: Toxoplasma gondii primarily enters the brain parenchyma through cortical capillaries and this process is exacerbated by inflammatory responses. The integrity of the microvascular blood-brain barrier restricts parasite transit.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Muhammad Ali, Kaja Falkenhain, Brendah N. Njiru, Muhammad Murtaza-Ali, Nancy E. Ruiz-Uribe, Mohammad Haft-Javaherian, Stall Catchers, Nozomi Nishimura, Chris B. Schaffer, Oliver Bracko
Summary: VEGF-A signalling contributes to blood-brain barrier permeability and capillary stalls in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Inhibiting VEGF-A signalling can reduce capillary stalls and increase cerebral blood flow.
Review
Allergy
Krzysztof Olesiejuk, Maciej Chalubinski
Summary: Both particulate matter and gaseous components of air pollution have been proven to increase cardiovascular mortality. It should be noted that these pollutants pass the lung barrier before entering the bloodstream. Particles of approximately 0.4-1 mu m are efficiently deposited in the alveoli and commonly undergo phagocytosis, while fine particles that leave the alveoli enter the bloodstream, reaching higher concentrations near the alveoli and endothelium. Additionally, particulate matter deposits near endothelial cells may induce inflammation and immune responses, influencing endothelial barrier dysfunction and increasing PM bioavailability. This discussion provides an overview of indoor PM components and their impact on the endothelium, with a focus on lung vascular endothelium and clinical perspectives.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xing-Yue Wu, Fei-Yao Wang, Hao-Xiang Chen, Hui-Li Dong, Zhan-Qin Zhao, Li -Fang Si
Summary: This study aimed to explore the mechanism of lung tissue damage caused by heat stress. The results showed that heat stress can damage the integrity of the blood-air barrier and increase permeability, leading to an intensified inflammatory response.
Review
Biology
Giuseppe Miserocchi
Summary: The lung responds promptly to conditions that cause edema through functional adaptations. This review provides evidence for early signaling transduction in endothelial lung cells in two animal models of edema. The role of membrane rafts, such as caveolae and lipid rafts, in signaling transduction is discussed. The changes in lipid composition of the plasma membrane trigger the signaling process in response to changes in the pericellular microenvironment caused by edema.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Adam Institoris, Grant R. Gordon
Summary: The study shows that capillary pericytes in the cerebral microcirculation exert static and slow regulation on capillary diameter to affect blood flow, distinct from canonical rapid regulation by arteriole smooth muscle.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Juan Cen, Xiaoying Dai, Han Zhao, Xiaohan Li, Xiaojiao Hu, Jing Wu, Shaofeng Duan
Summary: In this study, a dual targeting liposomal delivery vector loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) was developed to treat glioma. The liposomes demonstrated high drug encapsulation rate and drug-loading capacity, and showed satisfactory biocompatibility and stability. Experimental results showed that the liposomes could effectively cross the BBB and target gliomas, and the mitochondria targeting of SS31 enhances cell uptake. The liposomes also showed good therapeutic effect on nude mice with glioma in situ.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Jordan D. Fliss, Brandon Zanette, Yonni Friedlander, Siddharth Sadanand, Andras A. Lindenmaier, Elaine Stirrat, Daniel Li, Martin Post, Robert P. Jankov, Giles Santyr
Summary: Premature infants often require mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy, which can lead to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Traditional clinical methods are inadequate for assessing long-term risks in BPD infants, highlighting the need for a noninvasive tool to evaluate lung microstructure and function in vivo.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ara Jo, Jin Hee Bae, Yu Jeong Yoon, Tae Hun Chung, Eun-Woo Lee, Young-Ho Kim, Hea Min Joh, Jin Woong Chung
Summary: This study reveals that plasma-activated medium (PAM) promotes cell death in human lung cancer cells through the induction of ferroptosis. PAM increases intracellular and lipid ROS, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, which can be protected by ROS scavengers and ferroptosis inhibitors.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Md Golam Jakaria, Parand Sorkhdini, Dongqin Yang, Yang Zhou, Samantha A. Meenach
Summary: Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CMCNP) have been developed to mimic cell properties and enhance drug delivery. In vitro studies showed low toxicity and controlled release of CUR, as well as improved internalization and translocation of the CMCNP across pulmonary epithelial cells. The potential use of CMCNP in pulmonary drug delivery applications for enhanced transport has been demonstrated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mitsutoshi Ishii, Tomoshi Tsuchiya, Ryoichiro Doi, Yoichi Morofuji, Takashi Fujimoto, Hideki Muto, Takashi Suematsu, Ryoichi Mori, Keitaro Matsumoto, Takuro Miyazaki, Koichi Tomoshige, Hironosuke Watanabe, Mayumi Iwatake, Takeshi Nagayasu
Summary: The study found that adipose-derived MSCs enhanced the intercellular barrier function of lung epithelial cells, possibly through both direct adhesion and indirect paracrine effects, suggesting a strengthening of the barrier function of lung alveolar epithelium in vitro.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min Wei, Ying Cong, Jinrong Lei, Rui Du, Mengxin Yang, Xinjun Lu, Yizhu Jiang, Ran Cao, Xianzong Meng, Zhenfu Jiang, Laiyu Song
Summary: In this study, an in vitro co-culture system was used to investigate the mechanisms underlying the damage to the air-blood barrier after exposure to PM2.5. The study found that PM2.5 exposure induced oxidative stress and activated the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis pathway. Inhibiting oxidative stress decreased pyroptosis and increased tight junction (TJ) protein levels. Additionally, the drug disulfiram reversed the adverse effects of PM2.5, suppressing pyroptosis and improving air-blood barrier dysfunction.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sheng Yang, Tianyi Zhang, Yiling Ge, Yanping Cheng, Lihong Yin, Yuepu Pu, Zaozao Chen, Geyu Liang
Summary: Nanoplastics in the air pose a threat to respiratory health, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but there have been few studies on the impact of nanoplastics on lung injury. Existing models cannot fully understand pollutant-induced COPD. In this study, a lung-on-a-chip model was built to accurately mimic the alveolar-blood barrier and include immune cells. The model demonstrated that polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) can harm the barrier, induce oxidative damage and inflammation, and increase the risk of COPD.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Nuria Villalba, Yonggang Ma, Sarah A. Gahan, Aurelie Joly-Amado, Sam Spence, Xiaoyuan Yang, Kevin R. Nash, Sarah Y. Yuan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of lung infection on blood-brain barrier disruption and behavioral changes, and found that systemic bacterial infection may contribute to lung-brain axis inflammatory response through cytokine release.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Wenbo Chen, David Z. D'Argenio, Arnold Sipos, Kwang-Jin Kim, Edward D. Crandall
Summary: Studies on the health effects of engineered nanomaterials in the lung have shown that inhaled nanoparticles can partially cross the air-blood barrier, enter the vasculature, and distribute to various organs. Experiments with polystyrene nanoparticles in a rat alveolar epithelial cell model demonstrated that the particles are taken up by cells through nonendocytic processes, triggering autophagy and subsequently being exocytosed through lysosomes. These findings suggest complex regulatory mechanisms involving internalization, autophagy, lysosomal exocytosis, and cellular processing of nanoparticles.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)