Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wenqian Xu, Yuliang Cheng, Yahui Guo, Weirong Yao, He Qian
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) contains a significant number of immune cell stroma, with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) playing a crucial role in HCC development. Targeting TAMs in HCC treatment has shown promising therapeutic outcomes by eliminating, blocking recruitment, reprogramming, and restoring TAMs functions.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Amy K. Kim, James P. Hamilton, Selena Y. Lin, Ting-Tsung Chang, Hie-Won Hann, Chi-Tan Hu, Yue Lou, Yih-Jyh Lin, Terence P. Gade, Grace Park, Harry Luu, Tai-Jung Lee, Jeremy Wang, Dion Chen, Michael G. Goggins, Surbhi Jain, Wei Song, Ying-Hsiu Su
Summary: The study found that urine circulating tumor DNA can be used as a potential screening test for hepatocellular carcinoma, especially in patients with low serum AFP levels, and it can improve the detection rate of early-stage HCC.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Rei Okada, Yuichiro Otsuka, Osamu Yokosuka, Naoya Kato, Fumio Imazaki, Isamu Hoshino, Nobuyuki Sugiura, Hideaki Mizumoto, Ryousaku Azemoto, Kazuki Kato, Hideaki Shimada
Summary: Serum autoantibodies respond not only to tumor-associated antigens of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but also to those of liver cirrhosis (LC) and chronic hepatitis (CH). These autoantibodies have diagnostic properties in distinguishing HCC from healthy individuals, but they are not specific to HCC.
Review
Oncology
Konstantinos Arvanitakis, Triantafyllia Koletsa, Ioannis Mitroulis, Georgios Germanidis
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major type of liver cancer, and inflammation plays a crucial role in tumor growth and metastasis through tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs can have either anti-tumor or pro-tumor functions, and their presence is closely associated with HCC development. This review summarizes the role of TAMs in HCC pathogenesis and highlights their potential application in tumor therapy.
Review
Oncology
Yu Huang, Wenhao Ge, Jiarong Zhou, Bingqiang Gao, Xiaohui Qian, Weilin Wang
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer worldwide, with chronic inflammation and tumor-associated macrophages playing crucial roles in its development and progression. Understanding the mechanisms by which macrophages contribute to HCC pathogenesis could lead to novel immunotherapies targeting macrophages.
Article
Immunology
Zhiwei Liu, Chih-Jen Huang, Yu-Han Huang, Mei-Hung Pan, Mei-Hsuan Lee, Kelly J. Yu, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Mathias Viard, Yuko Yuki, Xiaojiang Gao, Mary Carrington, Chien-Jen Chen, Allan Hildesheim, Hwai- Yang
Summary: The study found that an increase in the number of homozygous HLA class II loci is associated with an increased risk of chronic HBV infection and HBV-associated HCC. Specifically, HLA-DQB1 homozygosity is significantly associated with HCC risk.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yi Yuan, Dailin Wu, Jing Li, Dan Huang, Yan Zhao, Tianqi Gao, Zhenjie Zhuang, Ying Cui, Da-Yong Zheng, Ying Tang
Summary: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial in the immune cell stroma of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TAMs originate from monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells, peripheral blood monocytes, and kupffer cells, and their recruitment and differentiation are influenced by various factors. TAMs interact with tumor cells and other immune cells through cytokines and extracellular vesicles, impacting processes such as carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion, migration, angiogenesis, and liver fibrosis progression.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsin-Lun Lee, Yi-Chieh Tsai, Narpati Wesa Pikatan, Chi-Tai Yeh, Vijesh Kumar Yadav, Ming-Yao Chen, Jo-Ting Tsai
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common malignancy with high mortality rate. Radiotherapy is an effective non-surgical treatment option, but its efficacy is limited in advanced and recurrent tumors. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in radiotherapy response. In this study, we identified the potential of targeting the TAM/CXCL6/CXCR2 tumor immune signaling axis as a new treatment strategy for radiotherapy-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Article
Oncology
Yan Zhao, Xu Xu, Yue Wang, Lin D. D. Wu, Rui L. L. Luo, Ren P. P. Xia
Summary: This study identifies potential prognostic genes associated with tumor purity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through bioinformatics analysis. ADCK3, HK3, and PPT1 are identified as prognostic genes for HCC, with higher ADCK3 expression and lower HK3 and PPT1 expressions associated with better prognosis. These genes are also shown to be correlated with immune-inflammatory response, tumor growth, and fatty acid production/degradation.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Pil Soo Sung
Summary: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and treatment resistance by interacting with various cell populations in the tumor microenvironment.
CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cuipeng Qiu, Yangcheng Ma, Bofei Wang, Xiaojun Zhang, Xiao Wang, Jian-Ying Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed the presence of autoantibodies to PAX5, PTCH1, and GNA11 in the sera of Hispanic Americans, including HCC patients, LC patients, CH patients, and normal controls, using an ELISA. The results showed that these autoantibodies could serve as biomarkers for the early detection of HCC and they may monitor the transition of high-risk patients to HCC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hikmet Akkiz
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent cancer that ranks fourth in cancer-related deaths globally. The tumor microenvironment (TME) formed by HCC cells and various stromal and inflammatory cells plays a crucial role in tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important component of the TME and their signaling can contribute to drug resistance. However, CAFs display heterogeneity and can also have antitumor properties. Understanding the crosstalk between CAFs, HCC cells, and other stromal cells is essential for the development of effective targeted therapies for HCC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisa F. Brandt, Maike Baues, Theresa H. Wirtz, Jan-Niklas May, Petra Fischer, Anika Beckers, Bjorn-Carsten Schure, Hacer Sahin, Christian Trautwein, Twan Lammers, Marie-Luise Berres
Summary: This study analyzed the function of chemokine CXCL10 in fibrosis-associated hepatocarcinogenesis and found that CXCL10 has a significant impact on shaping the tumor microenvironment. CXCL10 deficiency attenuated hepatocarcinogenesis and altered tumor-associated immune response and chemokine networks. The results demonstrate that interfering with CXCL10 could be a novel asset for improving therapeutic strategies in HCC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Nan Xiao, Kangshuai Li, Xiaodong Zhu, Bin Xu, Xuefeng Liu, Ming Lei, Hui-Chuan Sun
Summary: CD74 plays a critical role in HCC, with stromal CD74(+) cell enrichment associated with a favorable prognosis. CD74 is mainly distributed on stromal macrophages in HCC. CD74(+) macrophages have a significant impact on the tumor microenvironment, leading to increased infiltration of CD8(+) CTLs and enhanced immune response.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junyang Wang, Chao Zheng, Yihui Zhai, Ying Cai, Robert J. Lee, Jianming Xing, Hao Wang, Helen H. Zhu, Lesheng Teng, Yaping Li, Pengcheng Zhang
Summary: This study suggests that synthetic high-density lipoproteins (sHDLs) can deliver drugs selectively to tumor cells, improving prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings show that VG-sHDLs induce the release of various molecules and cytokines from HCC cells, promoting differentiation into activated macrophages and enhancing immune cell activity, leading to improved tumor eradication.
Review
Oncology
Xinru Zhou, Yin Jia, Chuanbin Mao, Shanrong Liu
Summary: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), such as exosomes, have emerged as crucial targets for liquid biopsy and promising drug delivery vehicles in tumor progression. They can serve as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and as drug carriers for cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Ruochan Chen, Ju Zhu, Xiao Zhong, Jie Li, Rui Kang, Daolin Tang
Summary: The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy, with HMGB1 serving as a key regulator in these processes.
Article
Oncology
Zongfu Pan, Xixuan Lu, Tong Xu, Jinming Chen, Lisha Bao, Ying Li, Yingying Gong, Yulu Che, Xiaozhou Zou, Zhuo Tan, Ping Huang, Minghua Ge
Summary: This study uncovered the emerging role of HN1 in promoting dedifferentiation of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells. HN1 negatively regulated the thyroid differentiation markers and had an inhibitory effect on the transcriptional activation of CTCF, thereby influencing the chromatin accessibility of thyroid differentiation genes.
Article
Oncology
Yi Qin, Shengjun Xiong, Jun Ren, Gautam Sethi
Summary: Autophagy plays an important regulatory role in glioblastoma, and its dysregulation can lead to drug resistance and radioresistance. It also affects stem cell characteristics, overall growth, and metastasis. Therefore, autophagy is a promising target for glioblastoma therapy.
Article
Oncology
Katsuya Nagaoka, Xuewei Bai, Dan Liu, Kevin Cao, Joud Mulla, Chengcheng Ji, Hongze Chen, Muhammad Azhar Nisar, Amalia Bay, William Mueller, Grace Hildebrand, Jin-Song Gao, Shaolei Lu, Hiroko Setoyama, Yasuhito Tanaka, Jack R. Wands, Chiung-Kuei Huang
Summary: This study found that serum 2-OG levels in cholangiocarcinoma patients are associated with the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Patients with progressive disease showed significantly higher levels of serum 2-OG compared to stable disease and partial response patients. The study also revealed that overexpression of ASPH mimics the effects of 2-OG, and knockdown of ASPH improves chemotherapy. Targeting ASPH enhances the effects of chemotherapy by modulating ATM and ATR, two key regulators of DDRs.
