Article
Oncology
Jae-Hong Joo, Hyun-Soo Zhang, Jiyeon Chun, Eun-Cheol Park, Sohee Park
Summary: During the 5-year follow-up, individuals with both diabetes and gastric cancer who received metformin treatment had a significantly lower risk of all-cause death compared to those who did not receive treatment. The use of metformin was associated with a decreased risk of mortality among this population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jean-Daniel Lalau, Abdallah Al-Salameh, Samy Hadjadj, Thomas Goronflot, Nicolas Wiernsperger, Matthieu Pichelin, Ingrid Allix, Coralie Amadou, Olivier Bourron, Thierry Duriez, Jean-Francois Gautier, Anne Dutour, Celine Gonfroy, Didier Gouet, Michael Joubert, Ingrid Julier, Etienne Larger, Lucien Marchand, Michel Marre, Laurent Meyer, Frederique Olivier, Gaetan Prevost, Pascale Quiniou, Christelle Raffaitin-Cardin, Ronan Roussel, Pierre-Jean Saulnier, Dominique Seret-Begue, Charles Thivolet, Camille Vatier, Rachel Desailloud, Matthieu Wargny, Pierre Gourdy, Bertrand Cariou
Summary: Prior metformin use is associated with a lower risk of death in patients with diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19, suggesting potential benefits of metformin in this population.
DIABETES & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zehao Luo, Kaiyi Chi, Hongjun Zhao, Linglong Liu, Wenting Yang, Zhijuan Luo, Yinglan Liang, Liangjia Zeng, Ruoyun Zhou, Manting Feng, Yemin Li, Guangyao Hua, Huying Rao, Xiaozhen Lin, Min Yi
Summary: The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) death in patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) was determined by risk stratification. The study found that in the low- and intermediate-risk groups, CVD-related death surpassed PCa almost immediately, while in the high-risk group, CVD surpassed PCa approximately 90 months later. Patients with localized PCa have a higher risk of CVD-related death compared to the general population.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Andreas Banner, Sabine Wieser, Stephan Madersbacher
Summary: This study investigated medication prescription patterns and hospitalizations during the final year of life for prostate cancer patients. The results show an increase in prescription of analgesics and hospitalization rates during this period, with higher rates observed in younger patients.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Kui Yao, Heng Zheng, Tao Li
Summary: The meta-analysis found that metformin had no significant impact on the risk of gynecologic cancer in DM patients, but it showed positive effects on improving overall survival and progression-free survival, especially for patients with ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fu-Shun Yen, James Cheng-Chung Wei, Ying-Hsiu Shih, Chih-Cheng Hsu, Chii-Min Hwu
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes, the use of metformin is associated with significantly lower risks of bacterial pneumonia, invasive mechanical ventilation, and respiratory cause of death. Longer duration of metformin use is also associated with lower hazard ratios for these risks.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Saira Khan, Su-Hsin Chang, Amanda A. A. Seyerle, Mei Wang, Veronica Hicks, Bettina F. F. Drake
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of post-diagnostic metformin or statin use and duration on the risk of biochemical recurrence in a racially-diverse cohort of Veterans. The results showed that post-diagnostic metformin use was not associated with biochemical recurrence, but its duration was associated with a reduced risk. On the other hand, statin use was associated with a reduced risk of biochemical recurrence, and this association was observed in all racial groups. In conclusion, post-diagnostic metformin and statin use have the potential to prevent biochemical recurrence in men diagnosed with prostate cancer.
Article
Oncology
Min Joon Lee, Viranda H. Jayalath, Wei Xu, Lin Lu, Stephen J. Freedland, Neil E. Fleshner, Girish S. Kulkarni, Antonio Fineni, Theodorus H. van Der Kwast, Robert J. Hamilton
Summary: The relationship between metformin use and prostate cancer risk is controversial, with metformin use associated with increased risk of high-grade and overall prostate cancer. SNPs involved in metformin metabolism did not modify disease risk association, but two SNPs from the GWAS study did.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hanan Goldberg, Faizan K. Mohsin, Alejandro Berlin, Thenappan Chandrasekar, Christopher J. D. Wallis, Zachary Klaassen, Ardalan E. Ahmad, Refik Saskin, Miran Kenk, Olli Saarela, Girish S. Kulkarni, Shabbir M. H. Alibhai, Neil Fleshner
Summary: The study found that diabetic men receiving metformin treatment had a lower risk of prostate cancer diagnosis, undergoing additional prostate biopsies, and receiving androgen deprivation therapy.
UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY-SEMINARS AND ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Heinrich, Luisa Hofmann, Hansjoerg Baurecht, Peter M. Kreuzer, Helge Knuettel, Michael F. Leitzmann, Corinna Seliger
Summary: Despite substantial progress in cancer therapy, patients with cancer still face a high risk of suicide. This study comprehensively assessed the suicide mortality risk in cancer patients and found a significantly increased risk compared to the general population. The risk was strongly related to cancer prognosis, stage, time since diagnosis, and geographic region. Therefore, cancer patients, especially those with specific risk factors, should be closely monitored for suicidality and receive specialized care to reduce the risks of suicide.
Article
Oncology
Anthony M. Joshua, Andrew Armstrong, Megan Crumbaker, Howard Scher, Johann de Bono, Bertrand Tombal, Maha Hussain, Cora N. Sternberg, Silke Gillessen, Joan Carles, Karim Fizazi, Ping Lin, William Duggan, Jennifer Sugg, David Russell, Tomasz M. Beer
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of statins and metformin on treatment outcomes in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. The results showed inconsistent associations between the use of statins and metformin and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and overall survival (OS) across different trials. The pooled analysis revealed that statin use was significantly associated with a reduced risk of death in enzalutamide-treated patients, while metformin use was not significant.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Abira Usman, Kevin P. Bliden, Alastair Cho, Naval Walia, Christophe Jerjian, Arvind Singh, Parshotam Kundan, Sanchit Duhan, Udaya S. Tantry, Paul A. Gurbel
Summary: This study found that metformin use in patients with diabetes and COVID-19 is associated with lower markers of inflammation, renal ischemia, and thrombosis, as well as fewer hospitalized days and lower intubation rate. These findings support the potential benefits of metformin in the treatment of COVID-19 in patients with diabetes.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Laurence S. Freedman, Nirit Agay, Ruth Farmer, Havi Murad, Liraz Olmer, Rachel Dankner
Summary: There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between metformin treatment and prostate cancer risk in diabetic men. Previous-year exposure to metformin is positively associated with prostate cancer risk, while exposure 2-7 years ago is negatively associated with risk. Further confirmation and understanding of these positive and negative associations are needed.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mutlay Sayan, Jiaming Huang, Wanling Xie, Ming-Hui Chen, Marian Loffredo, Elizabeth Mcmahon, Peter Orio, Paul Nguyen, Anthony V. D'Amico
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with a short time interval to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure in order to identify patients who would benefit from treatment escalation. The results showed that young age, high PSA levels, and high Gleason score were associated with a shorter time to PSA failure. These patients may benefit from treatment intensification and should be included in prospective randomized clinical trials.
Article
Oncology
Eerik E. E. Santala, Miia Artama, Eero Pukkala, Kala Visvanathan, Synnove Staff, Teemu J. Murtola
Summary: Research suggests that different antihypertensive drugs may be associated with the survival of ovarian cancer patients, with ACE inhibitors potentially improving survival rates. There appears to be no immediate impact of antihypertensive drugs on ovarian cancer survival, but over time, particularly with longer follow-up, certain medications may show benefits in improving survival outcomes. Further studies are needed to confirm the potential survival benefits of ACE inhibitors for women with ovarian cancer.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Devin Abrahami, Richeek Pradhan, Hui Yin, Peter Honig, Elodie Baumfeld Andre, Laurent Azoulay
Summary: External controls are primarily used in single-arm trials of rare diseases, with little investigation into their use in common diseases. This study aimed to emulate a large cardiovascular outcome trial of type 2 diabetes and found that different comparator groups, time periods, and adjustment methods can significantly impact the results. These factors must be carefully considered in the design of trial emulation studies.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Christina Greenaway, Zoe R. Greenwald, Arash Akaberi, Sunny Song, Ana Maria Passos-Castilho, Claire Nour Abou Chakra, Adam Palayew, Balquis Alabdulkarim, Robert Platt, Laurent Azoulay, Marc Brisson, Caroline Quach
Summary: Immigrants are more susceptible to varicella compared to non-immigrants before childhood varicella vaccination, but after vaccination, the incidence rates of varicella significantly decreased in both groups. Targeted vaccination for immigrants under 50 years old is recommended to reduce the risk of varicella.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Henok Tadesse Ayele, Pauline Reynier, Laurent Azoulay, Robert W. Platt, Josselin Cabaussel, Serge Benayoun, Kristian B. Filion
Summary: The study reveals a significant increase in the prescription rate of BPH medications in the UK from 1998 to 2016, with the most notable growth seen in combination therapy. However, adherence to these medications among patients was found to be low.
WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kasper Bruun Kristensen, Blanaid Hicks, Laurent Azoulay, Anton Pottegard
Summary: The study found that high cumulative doses of ACE inhibitors were associated with a modestly increased risk of lung cancer, while lower doses showed neutral associations. It is recommended to consider the established benefits of ACE inhibitors when interpreting these findings.
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR QUALITY AND OUTCOMES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jacquelyn J. Cragg, Laurent Azoulay, Gary Collins, Mary A. De Vera, Mahyar Etminan, Fawziah Lalji, Andrea S. Gershon, Gordon Guyatt, Mark Harrison, Catherine Jutzeler, Rosemin Kassam, Tetyana Kendzerska, Larry Lynd, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Mohsen Sadatsafavi, Bobo Tong, Freda M. Warner, Helen Tremlett
Summary: The use of observational data is crucial for assessing drug effectiveness and safety, and transparent, consistent, and accurate reporting of these studies is essential. Recommendations to extend existing reporting guidelines include explicit checklist items on study registration, causal diagrams, and bias assessment.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Vanessa C. Brunetti, Pauline Reynier, Laurent Azoulay, Oriana Hoi Yun Yu, Pierre Ernst, Robert W. Platt, Kristian B. Filion
Summary: This study found that patients with type 2 diabetes using SGLT-2i had a decreased risk of hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia compared to those using DPP-4i, but no difference when compared to GLP-1 RA.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christel Renoux, Laurent Azoulay, Samy Suissa
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked a surge in observational studies assessing the safety and effectiveness of various treatments, including hydroxychloroquine and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors. Many of these studies have been found to have issues with immortal time bias and selection bias, highlighting the importance of addressing these biases in future research.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Devin Abrahami, Emily G. McDonald, Mireille Schnitzer, Laurent Azoulay
Summary: This study examined whether the latest guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence regarding proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) had an impact on physician prescribing patterns in clinical practice. The research found that despite the guidelines, there was little meaningful change in clinical practice.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Neil M. Iyengar, Xi Kathy Zhou, Hillary Mendieta, Dilip D. Giri, Omar El-Hely, Lisle Winston, Domenick J. Falcone, Hanhan Wang, Lingsong Meng, Jonathan Landa, Michael Pollak, Laurie Kirstein, Monica Morrow, Andrew J. Dannenberg
Summary: Excess body fat and sedentary behavior are associated with increased breast cancer risk and mortality. The study found that adiposity and lack of exercise impact the breast microenvironment and circulating metabo-inflammatory factors, suggesting the importance of lifestyle interventions targeting adiposity to prevent tumor growth.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sirui Zhou, Guillaume Butler-Laporte, Tomoko Nakanishi, David R. Morrison, Jonathan Afilalo, Marc Afilalo, Laetitia Laurent, Maik Pietzner, Nicola Kerrison, Kaiqiong Zhao, Elsa Brunet-Ratnasingham, Danielle Henry, Nofar Kimchi, Zaman Afrasiabi, Nardin Rezk, Meriem Bouab, Louis Petitjean, Charlotte Guzman, Xiaoqing Xue, Chris Tselios, Branka Vulesevic, Olumide Adeleye, Tala Abdullah, Noor Almamlouk, Yiheng Chen, Michael Chasse, Madeleine Durand, Clare Paterson, Johan Normark, Robert Frithiof, Miklos Lipcsey, Michael Hultstrom, Celia M. T. Greenwood, Hugo Zeberg, Claudia Langenberg, Elin Thysell, Michael Pollak, Vincent Mooser, Vincenzo Forgetta, Daniel E. Kaufmann, J. Brent Richards
Summary: The study identified that increased levels of OAS1 protein are associated with reduced susceptibility and severity of COVID-19, providing evidence for a protective role of OAS1 in adverse outcomes. This suggests that pharmacological agents that increase OAS1 levels could be prioritized for drug development against COVID-19. The variant of the OAS1 gene associated with decreased risk of death in COVID-19 patients encodes an enzyme critical for the innate immune response to viral infections.
Article
Oncology
Ann H. Rosendahl, Sofie Bjorner, Maria Ygland Rodstrom, Karin Jirstrom, Signe Borgquist, Christian Ingvar, Michael N. Pollak, Helena Jernstrom
Summary: The study found that circulating levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in breast cancer patients are significantly associated with recurrence-risk, while the correlation with IGFBP-7 levels is weaker. There is a significant interaction between IGFBP-7 levels and recurrence-risk in patients with IGF-IRm positivity.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Neil M. Iyengar, Xi Kathy Zhou, Hillary Mendieta, Omar El-Hely, Dilip D. Giri, Lisle Winston, Domenick J. Falcone, Hanhan Wang, Lingsong Meng, Taehoon Ha, Michael Pollak, Monica Morrow, Andrew J. Dannenberg
Summary: Obesity is associated with increased levels of aromatase and inflammation in the breasts of pre-menopausal BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, potentially contributing to the higher risk of early-onset breast cancer in this population. This highlights the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between obesity and breast cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Devin Abrahami, Emily Gibson McDonald, Mireille E. Schnitzer, Alan N. Barkun, Samy Suissa, Laurent Azoulay
Summary: The study found that while any use of PPIs did not increase the risk of colorectal cancer compared to H2RAs, prolonged use may be associated with a modest increased risk of this malignancy.
Article
Oncology
Stephanie M. Wong, Lissa Ajjamada, Anna C. Weiss, Ipshita Prakash, Sonia Skamene, Jean Francois Boileau, Michael N. Pollak, Mark Basik
Summary: Breast cancers in women who previously received radiation therapy for HL are characterized by earlier onset disease, although most remain estrogen receptor-positive and have early stage disease at presentation.
Article
Oncology
Talia Malagon, Jean H. E. Yong, Parker Tope, Wilson H. Miller, Eduardo L. Franco
Summary: This study used a microsimulation model to estimate the long-term impacts of cancer care disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. It predicted over 21,000 additional cancer deaths between 2020 and 2030, with the potential to mitigate these losses by increasing diagnostic and treatment capacity in the short term.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
