Article
Geography, Physical
Daniel H. Sandweiss, Kirk A. Maasch, Heather A. Landazuri, Elizabeth Leclerc
Summary: The study suggests that the Central Pacific flavor of El Nino may contribute to the aridity observed in the highland Titicaca Basin of the South Central Andes during the Medieval Climate Anomaly. There is an urgent need for a longer record of CP presence and frequency to better understand this phenomenon.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Luke E. Painter, Robert L. Beschta, William J. Ripple
Summary: The recruitment of aspen saplings increased as elk browsing decreased after the reintroduction of wolves in Yellowstone National Park in 1995-96. The results support the idea of a trophic cascade benefiting aspen, countering claims that recent aspen recovery has been exaggerated.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Tyler J. VanderWeele, Laura D. Kubzansky
Summary: The question of whether optimism and pessimism are bipolar or represent two separate dimensions is a conceptual rather than an empirical issue. The analysis by Scheier et al. (2021) can be helpful in guiding the development of interventions as they suggest.
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jozsef Szilagyi
Summary: Thanks to the author's in-depth analysis of the complementary relationship between evaporation and its involved processes, readers are able to gain a clearer understanding of how to interpret it correctly.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Civil
G. Buerger
Summary: This comment serves as a reminder to be cautious of using ready-made program packages uncritically and estimating trends in serially correlated time series. It specifically addresses the recent publication by Lischeid et al. regarding lake-level trends in Germany.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Michael R. Jackson
Summary: The survey sheds light on the perception of psychologists' roles in national security, but the data and authors' interpretations are subject to scrutiny.
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST
(2021)
Editorial Material
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Arjun Datta
Summary: The errors in the surface wave Green's tensor shown by Malkoti et al. have been acknowledged, as pointed out in the comment by Haney and Nakahara. The H/V amplitude ratio calculations were recomputed using expressions for Love and Rayleigh wave Green's tensors valid in the near-field provided by Haney and Nakahara. The differences due to the use of corrected Green's tensors only appear when the receivers are placed close to the edges of the modeling domain.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katherine Griffiths, Neal Michelutti, Marianne S. V. Douglas, John P. Smol
Summary: Gajewski offers criticisms on the study by Griffiths et al. (2017), especially regarding the classification scheme of microclimates used and the value of observational evidence. The study sites were visited multiple times via aerial surveys and ground observations, supporting the microclimate classification scheme. Gajewski's claims on climate, catchment characteristics, and ice melting properties were refuted by veteran Arctic scientists with long-term field experience.
Article
Ecology
Chris Brimacombe, Korryn Bodner, Marie-Josee Fortin
Summary: Luna et al. (2022) concluded that the environment plays a role in explaining specialisation in open plant-pollinator networks. However, when reproducing their study, we found that network size alone explains most of the variation in specialisation metrics. Thus, we question whether empirical network specialisation is driven by the environment.
Editorial Material
Business, Finance
Reuven Avi-Yonah
Summary: This comment explains that taxpayers are mistaken if they think their losses in crypto will be upheld by the IRS when challenged.
JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING & ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Mitul Luhar
Summary: Laboratory and field measurements over the past decade have shown the presence of a strong wave-driven mean current in submerged vegetation canopies. Different studies have proposed conflicting explanations and models for this phenomenon. A new model suggests that incomplete particle orbits near the canopy interface, caused by vertical heterogeneity in orbital motion due to canopy drag, are the reason for the mean current.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Materials Science, Ceramics
Ernesto Paparazzo
Summary: The authors' interpretation of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) Ce3d spectra neglects the electronic structure of cerium ions and spin-orbit interaction of the Ce3d subshell, resulting in inaccurate account of the cerium chemistry of their materials.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Andre Peters, Sascha C. Iden
Summary: The commentary critically analyzes the framework proposed by Weber et al. (2019) for parameterizing soil hydraulic properties, highlighting inconsistencies in their formulation, especially in terms of the number of parameters and the approach to parameterize the water retention curve and noncapillary hydraulic conductivity.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lucas Etourneau, Thomas Burger
Summary: In their recent article, Madej et al. proposed a new method to control false discovery rate (FDR) in peptide-spectrum-match (PSM) validation. The method, called Common Decoy Distribution (CDD), uses a precise distribution of decoy matches to control FDR during a target-only search. It combines the advantages of decoy-based approaches and decoy-free approaches, and provides practical insights for improving FDR control methods in proteomics.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Geography, Physical
R. J. Wasson, S. Smithers, M. Saynor, J. Nott
Summary: Researchers argue that geomorphology is poorly known and propose to reposition it as a geoscience and a landscape science, using the lack of evidence in international environmental programs as support. However, they fail to recognize that geomorphology's influence lies more at the national, regional, and local scale, and changing the language may confuse potential users and students.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Laura J. Corbin, Stephen J. White, Amy E. Taylor, Christopher M. Williams, Kurt Taylor, Marion T. van den Bosch, Jack E. Teasdale, Matthew Jones, Mark Bond, Matthew T. Harper, Louise Falk, Alix Groom, Georgina G. J. Hazell, Lavinia Paternoster, Marcus R. Munafo, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Stig E. Bojesen, Caroline Relton, Josine L. Min, George Davey Smith, Andrew D. Mumford, Alastair W. Poole, Nicholas J. Timpson
Summary: Epigenetic DNA hypomethylation at the F2RL3 gene induced by smoking may increase PAR4 expression, leading to downstream effects on platelet reactivity. F2RL3 DNA methylation may be a possible contributory pathway from smoking to cardiovascular disease risk.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Sarah L. Millington-Burgess, Matthew T. Harper
Summary: The study revealed that R5421 can reduce platelet PS exposure and inhibit thrombin generation by maintaining flippase activity in procoagulant platelets, without directly inhibiting scramblase activity.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Luc R. A. Francis, Sarah L. Millington-Burgess, Taufiq Rahman, Matthew T. Harper
Summary: Thrombin activates platelets through PAR1 and PAR4, with PAR1 being the more rapidly activated receptor. Q94, an allosteric modulator of PAR1, has been reported to inhibit PAR1-G alpha q coupling in various cell lines, but its effects on human platelet activation have not been studied. Our data suggest that Q94 may have off-target effects in platelets independent of PAR1, precluding its use as a selective PAR1 allosteric modulator.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
E. J. Mitchell, K. Goodman, N. Wakefield, C. Cochran, S. Cockayne, S. Connolly, R. Desai, S. Hartley, S. A. Lawton, K. Oatey, S. Rhodes, J. S. Savage, J. Taylor, N. F. J. Youssouf
Summary: Clinical trial managers play a vital role in the design and conduct of clinical trials in the UK. However, there is currently a crisis in recruitment and retention for this role, which may have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This article presents the issues and suggests ways in which national stakeholders can address this problem.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tobias Menne, Daniel Slade, Joshua Savage, Sarah Johnson, Julie Irving, Pamela Kearns, Ruth Plummer, Geoff Shenton, Gareth J. Veal, Britta Vormoor, Josef Vormoor, Lucinda Billingham
Summary: The study aims to evaluate the combination of selumetinib and dexamethasone in adult and paediatric patients with relapsed/refractory RAS pathway mutant ALL. The research will be conducted in multiple countries and results will be disseminated through national and international conferences and peer-reviewed publications.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
S. Faye Williamson, Michael J. Grayling, Adrian P. Mander, Nurulamin M. Noor, Joshua S. Savage, Christina Yap, James M. S. Wason
Summary: This study investigated the methods of subgroup analyses using continuous variables in published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The results showed that the majority of studies dichotomized the continuous variables and treated the subgroups as categorical variables, potentially resulting in a loss of substantial statistical information.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sharon B. Love, Fay Cafferty, Claire Snowdon, Karen Carty, Joshua Savage, Philip Pallmann, Lucy McParland, Louise Brown, Lindsey Masters, Francesca Schiavone, Dominic Hague, Stephen Townsend, Claire Amos, Annabelle South, Kate Sturgeon, Ruth Langley, Timothy Maughan, Nicholas James, Emma Hall, Sarah Kernaghan, Judith Bliss, Nick Turner, Andrew Tutt, Christina Yap, Charlotte Firth, Anthony Kong, Hisham Mehanna, Colin Watts, Robert Hills, Ian Thomas, Mhairi Copland, Sue Bell, David Sebag-Montefiore, Robert Jones, Mahesh K. B. Parmar, Matthew R. Sydes
Summary: This study summarizes the experience of running multiple successful late-phase platform protocols and provides recommendations and guidance. The recommendations cover the entire lifecycle of platform trials, including protocol development, funding acquisition, trial set-up, operational and regulatory aspects, result reporting, and communication with participants and stakeholders.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Colin Watts, Joshua Savage, Amit Patel, Rhys Mant, Victoria Wykes, Ute Pohl, Helen Bulbeck, John Apps, Rowena Sharpe, Gerard Thompson, Adam D. Waldman, Olaf Ansorge, Lucinda Billingham
Summary: This study aims to improve the understanding and treatment of gliomas by collecting clinical, imaging, and pathology data from secondary care hospitals to establish a data repository. The study will use methods such as whole-genome sequencing and epigenomic classification to diagnose gliomas and investigate other measures related to gliomas. The target recruitment for this study is 1000 patients.
Letter
Hematology
Ejaife O. Agbani, Ingeborg Hers, Alastair W. Poole
Letter
Hematology
Justin S. Trory, Attila Munkacsi, Kamila M. Sledz, Jordan Vautrinot, Lucy J. Goudswaard, Molly L. Jackson, Kate J. Heesom, Samantha F. Moore, Alastair W. Poole, Behnam Nabet, Varinder K. Aggarwal, Ingeborg Hers
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Venkat M. K. Vadlamani, Kavinda K. J. Gunasinghe, Xavier W. Chee, Taufiq Rahman, Matthew T. Harper
Summary: CD39 is a key regulator that metabolizes extracellular ATP and ADP to AMP. This study demonstrates that soluble, recombinant CD39 exhibits substrate inhibition with ADP or ATP as the substrate. High concentrations of ATP or ADP significantly reduce CD39 activity. In contrast, inhibition is not observed with UDP or UTP as substrates. Understanding the substrate inhibition of CD39 is important for interpreting CD39 activity studies and investigations into drugs modulating CD39 activity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaojuan Zhao, Dominic Alibhai, Tony G. Walsh, Nathalie Tarassova, Maximilian Englert, Semra Z. Birol, Yong Li, Christopher M. Williams, Chris R. Neal, Philipp Burkard, Stephen J. Cross, Elizabeth W. Aitken, Amie K. Waller, Jose Ballester Beltran, Peter W. Gunning, Edna C. Hardeman, Ejaife O. Agbani, Bernhard Nieswandt, Ingeborg Hers, Cedric Ghevaert, Alastair W. Poole
Summary: Perfusion of megakaryocytes through the mouse lung vasculature generates a large number of functional platelets. This study reveals the mechanisms of thrombopoiesis in lung vasculature and provides insights for large-scale platelet generation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Emma C. Josefsson, Sofia Ramstrom, Johannes Thaler, Marie Lordkipanidze, COAGAPO Study Grp
Summary: The study aimed to identify a set of markers and/or methods to detect and distinguish procoagulant platelets from apoptotic platelets. Using flow cytometry, a combination of three surface markers, including P-selectin (CD62P), phosphatidylserine (recognized by annexin V), and platelet-specific receptor GPIX (CD42a) or αIIb integrin (CD41, GPIIb), was recommended for differentiation. Procoagulant platelets are positive for all three markers, while apoptotic platelets are positive for annexin V and platelet-specific surface receptor(s) but negative for P-selectin.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Lucy J. Goudswaard, Christopher M. Williams, Jawad Khalil, Kate L. Burley, Fergus Hamilton, David Arnold, Alice Milne, Phil A. Lewis, Kate J. Heesom, Stuart J. Mundell, Andrew D. Davidson, Alastair W. Poole, Ingeborg Hers
Summary: Patients with COVID-19 have altered platelet function, which is associated with increased risk of thrombosis. Platelet protein expression is different in COVID-19 patients, and platelet functional responses are reduced. Platelets in COVID-19 patients also show increased association with neutrophils. These findings suggest that platelet-driven thromboinflammation may contribute to the increased risk of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Jess Berry, Matthew T. Harper
Summary: This study investigated the potential of protease-activated receptor (PAR) antagonists to prevent occlusive thrombosis under conditions where dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is insufficient. The results showed that DAPT had limited efficacy when tissue factor (TF) was present, but combining DAPT with PAR antagonism was effective in preventing occlusive thrombosis.
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
