Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rosa Angela Filiberti, Vincenzo Fontana, Antonella De Ceglie, Sabrina Blanchi, Teresa Lacchin, Marina De Matthaeis, Orazio Ignomirelli, Roberta Cappiello, Alessandra Rosa, Vittorio D'Onofrio, Gaetano Iaquinto, Massimo Conio
Summary: The study found that a high-fat diet and low intake of fruits and vegetables were associated with Barrett's esophagus and esophagitis, while late evening snacks and consumption of red meat, cold cuts, dairy products, and fried foods may lead to increased risk of esophagitis.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed Sam Beydoun, Kaleigh A. Stabenau, Kenneth W. Altman, Nikki Johnston
Summary: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is increasing rapidly and has a poor prognosis, often preceded by Barrett's esophagus (BE). This review provides an overview of BE, EAC, and the progression from BE to EAC. The definition, diagnosis, epidemiology, and risk factors for both conditions are discussed, with special attention given to areas of debate. The progression from BE to EAC is likely driven by inflammatory pathways, pepsin exposure, upregulation of growth factor pathways, and mitochondrial changes. Surveillance is conducted through serial endoscopic evaluation, with shorter intervals recommended for high-risk features.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alice Zaramella, Diletta Arcidiacono, Daniele Nucci, Federico Fabris, Clara Benna, Salvatore Pucciarelli, Matteo Fassan, Alberto Fantin, Valli De Re, Renato Cannizzaro, Stefano Realdon
Summary: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a consequence of long-term gastroesophageal reflux, which leads to inflammation and could cause Barrett's esophagus (BE), the main risk factor for EAC development. The study aims to explore the esophageal microbial profile in patients with different stages of BE and EAC, and develop a score to predict cancer risk.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tarek Sawas, Saam Dilmaghani, Lovekirat Dhaliwal, Kenneth K. Wang, Prasad G. Iyer, David A. Katzka
Summary: The study found that compared to BE patients, EAC patients had significantly lower rates of heartburn, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, optimal strategies for screening for prevalent EAC may need to be adjusted.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jennifer M. Kolb, Mindy Chen, Anna Tavakkoli, Jazmyne Gallegos, Jack O'Hara, Wyatt Tarter, Camille J. Hochheimer, Bryan Golubski, Noa Kopplin, Lilly Hennessey, Anita Kalluri, Shalika Devireddy, Frank I. Scott, Gary W. Falk, Amit G. Singal, Ravy K. Vajravelu, Sachin Wani
Summary: Most EAC patients do not have a previous BE diagnosis, indicating a failure of current screening practices. Understanding patient attitudes and barriers is crucial for improving BE screening adherence.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Lu Zhang, Binyu Sun, Xi Zhou, QiongQiong Wei, Sicheng Liang, Gang Luo, Tao Li, Muhan Lu
Summary: This article briefly describes the etiology and clinical significance of intestinal metaplasia in Barrett's esophagus, as well as its impact on diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment according to different guidelines. The basis for endoscopic diagnosis and identification techniques of goblet cells in Barrett's esophagus are explored, along with current treatment methods related to the condition.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Anant Madabhushi, Paula Toro, Joseph E. Willis
Summary: The study by Waterhouse and colleagues described the development of an artificial intelligence approach combined with spectral imaging for improving endoscopic detection of Barrett's esophagus-related neoplasia. A spectral endoscope was developed to define multispectral data correlated with histopathology, and a convolutional neural network was trained to distinguish Barrett's esophagus from Barrett's esophagus neoplasia. The results suggest the potential utility of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter M. M. Stawinski, Karolina N. N. Dziadkowiec, Lily A. A. Kuo, Juan Echavarria, Shreyas Saligram
Summary: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a premalignant mucosal transformation characterized by the replacement of esophageal squamous epithelium with metaplastic columnar epithelium. It is associated with an increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma and is often caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease. Screening for BE is selective based on risk factors and is not recommended for the general population. Diagnosis involves endoscopic recognition, targeted biopsies, and histologic confirmation of columnar metaplasia. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, screening, and advanced techniques for detecting and eradicating Barrett's esophagus.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Maja Mejza, Ewa Malecka-Wojciesko
Summary: Barrett's esophagus is a precancerous condition of the esophagus, characterized by a salmon-colored lining and the presence of columnar epithelium with goblet cells. It is associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma, a tumor with poor survival rates and increasing incidence. The diagnosis and management of Barrett's esophagus remain a topic of ongoing debate. This article provides an overview of current recommendations and new discoveries in this field.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
James A. Evans, Emanuela Carlotti, Meng-Lay Lin, Richard J. Hackett, Magnus J. Haughey, Adam M. Passman, Lorna Dunn, George Elia, Ross J. Porter, Mairi H. McLean, Frances Hughes, Joanne ChinAleong, Philip Woodland, Sean L. Preston, S. Michael Griffin, Laurence Lovat, Manuel Rodriguez-Justo, Weini Huang, Nicholas A. Wright, Marnix Jansen, Stuart A. C. McDonald
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of gland phenotypes in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and found that diverse gland phenotypes represent an evolutionary process, with changes in gland diversity potentially playing a role in disease progression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Georg A. Busslinger, Buys de Barbanson, Rurika Oka, Bas L. A. Weusten, Michiel de Maat, Richard van Hillegersberg, Lodewijk A. A. Brosens, Ruben van Boxtel, Alexander van Oudenaarden, Hans Clevers
Summary: Barrett's esophagus is categorized into different stages based on morphological appearance, which correlate with the risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma. Single-cell sequencing experiments revealed chromosomal instabilities in dysplastic BE cells, with stable cells predominantly found in nondysplastic BE biopsies. The datasets provide insight into the mutational landscape and gene expression patterns at different stages of BE development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eszter Becskehazi, Marietta Margareta Korsos, Eleonora Gal, Laszlo Tiszlavicz, Zsofia Hoyk, Maria A. Deli, Zoltan Marton Kohler, Aniko Keller-Pinter, Attila Horvath, Kata Cseko, Zsuzsanna Helyes, Peter Hegyi, Viktoria Venglovecz
Summary: The study suggests that smoking affects the function of ion transporters, playing a role in the development of smoking-induced esophageal diseases. In metaplastic cells, CSE treatment increased the activity and protein expression of NHE-1, reducing proliferation in a NHE-1-dependent manner. Contrarily, in normal cells, the expression and activity of NHE-1 decreased due to smoke exposure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carlijn A. M. Roumans, Manon C. W. Spaander, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar, Katharina Biermann, Marco J. Bruno, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Dimitris Rizopoulos
Summary: This study examines the value of using longitudinal evolutions of histological findings and immunohistochemical biomarkers to assess the risk of progression in Barrett's esophagus. The results show that the longitudinal evolutions of aberrant expression of p53 and SOX2 are associated with an increased risk of high-grade dysplasia/esophageal adenocarcinoma, and there is weak evidence of an association with the longitudinal evolution of the presence of LGD. The model performs well, with the ability to estimate the probability of biomarker aberrant expression based on multiple longitudinal observations for future BE patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pelin Ergun, Sezgi Kipcak, Serhat Bor
Summary: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a condition resulting from chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease, which may progress to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The histological dysplasia grade is commonly used as a biomarker, but its effectiveness is limited due to cost and lack of progression in many BE patients. Clinicians require multiple or more quantitative biomarkers for early diagnosis of EAC, which has high mortality. Epigenetic factors in the early stages of neoplastic transformation show promise as predictive biomarkers. This review summarizes current research on DNA methylations, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs (miRNAs) during the progression from BE dysplasia to EAC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shanshan Li, Joshua Ye, Zheng Lin, Zhifeng Lin, Xuwei Tang, Wenqing Rao, Zhijian Hu
Summary: This study investigated the independent and interactive effects of dietary nutrients on the risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) in Chinese adults. The results showed that fat, carbohydrate, and fiber intake significantly increased ESCC risk, while fiber and riboflavin intake significantly reduced the risk.
Article
Pathology
Paola Parente, Umberto Malapelle, Valentina Angerilli, Mariangela Balistreri, Sara Lonardi, Salvatore Pucciarelli, Caterina De Luca, Francesco Pepe, Gianluca Russo, Elena Vigliar, Angela Danza, Fabio Scaramuzzi, Giancarlo Troncone, Paolo Graziano, Matteo Fassan
Summary: This study assessed the concordance rate of MMR/MSI status between primary mucinous adenocarcinoma (MA) and synchronous metastasis. The results showed high concordance rates using different evaluation methods. Therefore, integrating immunohistochemistry evaluation and molecular methods may be beneficial for molecular profiling of MA patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Gianluca Russo, Francesco Pepe, Pasquale Pisapia, Lucia Palumbo, Mariantonia Nacchio, Elena Vigliar, Pierlorenzo Pallante, Paola Parente, Matteo Fassan, Paolo Graziano, Claudio Bellevicine, Giancarlo Troncone, Umberto Malapelle, Antonino Iaccarino
Summary: This article reviews the results of microsatellite instability (MSI) evaluation using a customized workflow and microfluidic system in a diagnostic routine practice over a period of 4 years. The results showed that the majority of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) had microsatellite stability (MSS) profile, while a minority had microsatellite high (MSI-H) profile. Similarly, in patients without colorectal cancer, both MSS and MSI-H profiles were observed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Gerardo Cazzato, Serena Battista, Giuseppe Ingravallo, Marina Castelvetere, Antonio Sassano, Maurizio Cassano, Maria Cristina Macciomei, Paola Parente
Summary: The study describes the histological features of gastrointestinal metastasis from melanoma in 49 patients. The most common growth pattern observed in these metastasis was the epithelioid pattern, followed by the mixed pattern and the spindled pattern. Discordant growth pattern and absence of melanotic pigment were also documented.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Letter
Cell Biology
Andrea Remo, Federica Grillo, Alessandro Vanoli, Paola Parente, Luca Mastracci, Valentina Angerilli, Emanuele Damiano Urso, Francesca Bergamo, Matteo Fassan
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alessandro Vanoli, Paola Parente, Matteo Fassan, Luca Mastracci, Federica Grillo
Summary: Gut inflammation disrupts gastrointestinal homeostasis and is associated with cancerogenesis. Various chronic inflammatory disorders of the tubular gastrointestinal tract have been linked to an increased risk of neoplasms, including epithelial tumors (esophageal, gastric, small bowel, and colorectal) and lymphomas. Studies have investigated the mechanisms and changes in the microenvironment and microbiome that lead to genetic and/or epigenetic alterations and eventually tumorigenesis, typically following an inflammation-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Valentina Angerilli, Paola Parente, Michela Campora, Clara Ugolini, Serena Battista, Paola Cassoni, Alessandro Gambella, Francesco Cavallin, Giuseppe De Lisi, Alessandro Vanoli, Federica Grillo, Luca Mastracci, Matteo Fassan
Summary: In this study, the clinicopathological and molecular features of HER2-low gastric/gastro-oesophageal junction cancers were investigated. It was found that HER2-low expression was more common in biopsy specimens and varied among different institutions. If further research confirms the effectiveness of novel anti-HER2 agents in HER2-low gastro-oesophageal cancers, the interpretation of HER2 status may need to be revised.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giuseppe Biscaglia, Orazio Palmieri, Lazzaro Biancofiore, Paola Parente, Francesco Perri
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Valentina Angerilli, Paola Parente, Gianluca Businello, Alessandro Vanoli, Michele Paudice, Giovanni Perrone, Giada Munari, Ilaria Govoni, Giuseppe Neri, Elena Rebellato, Paola Parrella, Federica Grillo, Luca Mastracci, Matteo Fassan
Summary: Colorectal adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare and aggressive disease with a higher metastatic rate and worse outcome than conventional colorectal adenocarcinoma. The molecular profile of this type of cancer needs further investigation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Andrea Remo, Federica Grillo, Luca Mastracci, Michele Simbolo, Matteo Fassan, Maria Paola Cecchini, Giuseppe Miscio, Antonio Sassano, Paola Parente, Alessandro Vanoli, Giovanna Sabella, Guido Giordano, Emanuele Damiano Urso, Luigi Cerulo, Aldo Scarpa, Francesco Fiorica, Massimo Pancione
Summary: A recent study explores the genetic and immunophenotypic characteristics of rhabdoid colorectal tumors (RCTs). The findings reveal that RCTs exhibit mismatch repair-deficient phenotypes, CK7-/CK20-/CDX2- marker phenotype, and aberrant activation of the MAPK pathway, particularly with BRAF V600E mutations. While SMARCB1/INI1 expression is normal, the ciliogenic markers CROCC and β-tubulin are globally altered in RCTs. Overall, these results indicate that primary ciliogenesis and MAPK pathway activation contribute to the aggressiveness of RCTs, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Gerardo Cazzato, Teresa Lettini, Anna Colagrande, Irma Trilli, Francesca Ambrogio, Carmelo Laface, Paola Parente, Eugenio Maiorano, Giuseppe Ingravallo
Summary: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an important ligand for programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor and is found in myeloid, lymphoid, normal epithelial cells, and cancer. The interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 is crucial for immunological tolerance development and cancer progression. In the case of malignant melanoma, the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 is used to guide therapeutic choices. However, there are various methods used for immunohistochemistry and inconsistent results in the literature. This review aims to discuss the achievements, challenges, and potential solutions in this field.
Review
Oncology
Magda Zanelli, Martina Quintini, Salvatore Magnasco, Lara Aprile, Andrea Palicelli, Maurizio Zizzo, Francesca Sanguedolce, Stefano Ricci, Saverio Pancetti, Valeria Zuccala, Veronica Martino, Giuseppe Broggi, Rosario Caltabiano, Alberto Cavazza, Paola Parente, Cristina Mecucci, Giovanni Martino, Stefano Ascani
Summary: This study reviews the current knowledge on MCL with the aim of increasing awareness among clinicians and pathologists of this rare, still incompletely understood disease with a grim prognosis.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Paola Parente, Federica Grillo, Alessandro Vanoli, Maria Cristina Macciomei, Maria Raffaella Ambrosio, Nunzia Scibetta, Emanuela Filippi, Ivana Cataldo, Luigi Baron, Giuseppe Ingravallo, Gerardo Cazzato, Laura Melocchi, Barbara Liserre, Carla Giordano, Graziana Arborea, Emanuela Pilozzi, Antonio Scapinello, Maria Costanza Aquilano, Roberta Gafa, Serena Battista, Luca Dal Santo, Michela Campora, Francesco Giuseppe Carbone, Chiara Sartori, Stefano Lazzi, Ester Hanspeter, Valentina Angerilli, Luca Mastracci, Matteo Fassan
Summary: The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system is a highly conserved protein complex that recognizes DNA replication and recombination errors. MMR/MSI status in colorectal cancer is a biomarker with prognostic and predictive value. However, there are challenges and open issues in assessing MMR/MSI status, particularly in terms of pre-analytic issues and interpretation pitfalls.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Pathology
Valentina Angerilli, Matteo Fassan, Paola Parente, Irene Gullo, Michela Campora, Chiara Rossi, Maria Luisa Sacramento, Gianmaria Pennelli, Alessandro Vanoli, Federica Grillo, Luca Mastracci
Summary: PD-L1 is an established immunohistochemical biomarker for predicting the response to immunotherapy. However, it still has limitations due to changing cut-off values and scoring systems, as well as variability between observers and laboratories. This review focuses on the staining patterns and challenges in evaluating PD-L1 in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Valentina Angerilli, Paola Parente, Michela Campora, Clara Ugolini, Serena Battista, Paola Cassoni, Alessandro Gambella, Alessandro Vanoli, Giuseppe De Lisi, Federica Grillo, Luca Mastracci, Matteo Fassan
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonio Mirijello, Noemi Ritrovato, Angelo D'Agruma, Angela de Matthaeis, Luca Pazienza, Paola Parente, Dario Pio Cassano, Annalucia Biancofiore, Angelo Ambrosio, Illuminato Carosi, Ettore Serricchio, Paolo Graziano, Francesca Bazzocchi, Pamela Piscitelli, Salvatore De Cosmo
Summary: This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the diagnostic process of abdominal lymphadenopathies. Through abdominal ultrasound, CT and MRI scans, and PET-CT detection, the patient was diagnosed with brucellosis in combination with latent tuberculosis. After surgical excision of the mass and six weeks of rifampin and doxycycline treatment, the symptoms were resolved.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)