Article
Environmental Sciences
Robert Kavet, Richard A. Tell
Summary: The IEEE and ICNIRP have established limits for exposures to electromagnetic fields to protect against adverse effects, including electrostimulation at certain frequencies. However, the current exposure limits do not align, particularly for frequencies from 100 kHz to 110 MHz. Revisions to IEEE Std C95.1-2019 are recommended to address the rapid temperature rise and burn injury risk associated with finger contact and to provide better protection. Other scenarios, such as grasp contact and arcing, also need further attention and specific case-by-case solutions.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Simona D'Agostino, Micol Colella, Micaela Liberti, Rosaria Falsaperla, Francesca Apollonio
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the risks of occupational exposure in the health environment related to TMS treatment by numerically estimating induced electric fields in human tissues of operators. The results showed that under certain conditions, the induced electric field in the operator's body could exceed safety limits, especially with circular coils. Operators should maintain a safe distance to ensure compliance with guidelines and pay attention to hand exposure.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Giuseppe Acri, Carmelo Anfuso, Giuseppe Vermiglio, Valentina Hartwig
Summary: Staff working in Magnetic Resonance environments are mainly exposed to static and spatially heterogeneous magnetic fields. This study assessed the exposure of staff to time-varying magnetic fields in Magnetic Resonance clinical environments using pocket dosimeters. The results showed compliance with safety limits for controlled exposure conditions, but specific conditions during certain activities exceeded the limits, indicating the need for attention to prevent discomfort.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Rianne Stam
Summary: High exposures to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) are possible in certain occupational settings. A systematic literature review was conducted to evaluate occupational RF EMF exposure measurements and identify areas where occupational safety requires more attention. Specific sources of occupational RF EMF exposure were identified and compared to occupational exposure limits. It was found that some occupations, such as dielectric heating, scanners for security and radiofrequency identification, plasma devices, and broadcasting and telecommunication transmitters, had maximum exposures exceeding the limits. In contrast, microwave heating and radar applications had rare cases of occupational exposure exceeding limits.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Anton Glans, Jonna Wilen, Lenita Lindgren, Isabella M. Bjorkman-Burtscher, Boel Hansson
Summary: There were no significant differences in symptom prevalence between MR and CT radiographers in Sweden. However, working at 3T increased the risk of symptoms associated with static magnetic fields, and stress increased adverse health effects. CT radiographers considered work-related noise to be more troublesome than MR radiographers.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hamed Jalilian, Monica Guxens, Sanna Heikkinen, Eero Pukkala, Anke Huss, Seyed Kamal Eshagh Hossaini, Kristina Kjaerheim, Roel Vermeulen
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between occupational exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) and electric shocks and the risk of lymphoma. Based on a large Nordic census-based cohort, the study found no association between occupational exposure to ELF-MFs and electric shocks and the risk of lymphoma.
OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Valentina Hartwig, Giorgio Virgili, F. Ederica Mattei, Cristiano Biagini, Stefania Romeo, Olga Zeni, Maria Rosaria Scarfi, Rita Massa, Francesco Campanella, Luigi Landini, Fabriziomaria Gobba, Alberto Modenese, Giulio Giovannetti
Summary: MRI is a widely used diagnostic imaging method worldwide, with a significant number of workers involved in operating the scanners, making studies on occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields increasingly important. This review analyzes the current state of literature on occupational exposure in MRI, focusing on regulations, studies on biological effects, health surveillance, and approaches for exposure assessment.
MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
GyeongAe Seomun, Juneyoung Lee, Jinkyung Park
Summary: The study found significant associations between exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) and childhood leukemia through a meta-analysis, indicating a possible dose-response effect.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Zahra Atarodi Kashani, Reza Pakzad, Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari, Mohammad Sadegh Haghparast, Fatemeh Abdi, Zohreh Kiani, Afsaneh Talebi, Somaieh Moradi Haghgoo
Summary: This study investigated the effect of electromagnetic waves on fetal and childhood abnormalities. The results showed that parents exposed to electromagnetic waves had a higher incidence of abnormal events in their fetuses and children, including changes in gene expression, oxidant parameters, antioxidant parameters, and DNA damage parameters. Additionally, parental exposure to radiation could lead to different types of cancers and developmental disorders. The publication year had a significant effect on heterogeneity according to meta-regression analysis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alberto Modenese, Fabriziomaria Gobba
Summary: In the European Union, health surveillance of workers exposed to electromagnetic fields is mandatory to prevent known biophysical effects, although evidence for long-term effects is considered inadequate. Specific procedures for monitoring and preventing effects are lacking, and there is a concern for workers at particular risk who may have increased susceptibility to EMFs. The focus of surveillance should be on early detection of adverse effects and identification of at-risk workers for preventive measures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nadia Cristina Pinheiro Rodrigues, Adilza Condessa Dode, Monica Kramer de Noronha Andrade, Gisele O'Dwyer, Denise Leite Maia Monteiro, Ines Nascimento Carvalho Reis, Roberto Pinheiro Rodrigues, Vera Cecilia Frossard, Valeria Teresa Saraiva Lino
Summary: The study found that exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from RBS increases the rate of death for all types of cancer, with the highest risk observed for cervix cancer. The highest RBS radiofrequency exposure and cancer mortality rate were observed in a city in southern Brazil.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lauren S. Keenan-Devlin, Ann E. B. Borders, Alexa Freedman, Gregory E. Miller, William Grobman, Sonja Entringer, Hyagriv Simhan, Pathik Wadhwa, Claudia Buss
Summary: Exposure to traumatic events during pregnancy and childhood maltreatment may influence pregnancy and birth outcomes. A study found that maternal childhood maltreatment exposure was associated with an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age birth, but not preterm birth, highlighting the importance of investigating how childhood adversity impacts long-term and intergenerational health issues.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilenia Martinelli, Mathieu Cinato, Sokhna Keita, Dimitri Marsal, Valentin Antoszewski, Junwu Tao, Oksana Kunduzova
Summary: The study found that short-term exposure to EMF did not have a significant effect on the myocardial antioxidant defense system and apoptotic cell death in cardiac cells and tissues.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aryana T. Amoon, John Swanson, Corrado Magnani, Christoffer Johansen, Leeka Kheifets
Summary: The latest pooled analysis indicates that exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields does not increase the risk of childhood leukemia, and there is a decreasing trend in risk over time.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Susanna Lagorio, Maria Blettner, Dan Baaken, Maria Feychting, Ken Karipidis, Tom Loney, Nicola Orsini, Martin Roeoesli, Marilia Silva Paulo, Mark Elwood
Summary: The WHO is conducting a project to assess the health effects of exposure to RF-EMF on the general population, focusing on the potential cancer hazards. The protocol involves evaluating the evidence from human observational studies to determine the causal association between RF-EMF exposure and risk of neoplastic diseases.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
