Article
Psychiatry
Dirk Alexander Wittekind, Juergen Kratzsch, Roland Mergl, Ronny Baber, Kerstin Wirkner, Matthias L. Schroeter, A. Veronica Witte, Arno Villringer, Michael Kluge
Summary: Ghrelin and leptin, two peptide hormones, have opposing roles in hunger and food addiction. The study found a positive association between leptin serum levels and food addiction scores in men, while no association was found between ghrelin serum levels and food addiction scores.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Li Song, Weitao Li, Xuewei Chen
Summary: A recent study demonstrates the role of the rice TF APIP5 in immune regulation, expanding our understanding of plant TFs beyond their transcription factor functions.
TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Reina E. Ito, Chitose Oneyama, Kazuhiro Aoki
Summary: Oncogene addiction is a cellular property in which cancer cells become highly dependent on the expression of oncogenes for their survival, making it a potential target for molecularly targeted drugs. However, the introduction of oncogenic mutation or overexpression of oncogenes alone is not sufficient for cells to acquire oncogene addiction, indicating that it is not associated with transformation activity.
Article
Substance Abuse
Boyoung Jung, Jung Ah Lee, Ye-Jee Kim, Hong-Jun Cho
Summary: This study examines the association between quitting behaviors, cigarette consumption, and the proportion of hardcore smokers with smoking prevalence decline in South Korea. The findings suggest that there is no hardening of smoking in South Korea when smoking prevalence decreases. This highlights the effectiveness of tobacco control policies in reducing smoking prevalence without increasing the proportion of hardcore smokers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuhui Wang Lorkowski, Jonathan D. Smith
Summary: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely correlated with coronary heart disease (CHD), but the causal relationship between HDL and CHD is unclear. Recent studies have challenged the hypothesis that HDL is protective against CHD, but subsequent research suggests that specific HDL characteristics are causally related to decreased CHD. Different aspects of HDL structure and function may better indicate HDL's protective activity against CHD, beyond simply measuring HDL-C levels.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alberto Maino, Saeed Sadeghian, Ilaria Mancini, Seyed Hesameddin Abbasi, Hamidreza Poorhosseini, Mohammad Ali R. Boroumand, Masoumeh Lotfi-Tokaldany, Arash Jalali, Maria Teresa Pagliari, Frits Rosendaal, Flora Peyvandi
Summary: Non-medical opium use is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, especially in men and those with hyperlipidemia.
Article
Biology
Artin Arshamian, Tina Sundelin, Ewelina Wnuk, Carolyn O'Meara, Niclas Burenhult, Gabriela Garrido Rodriguez, Mats Lekander, Mats J. Olsson, Julie Lasselin, John Axelsson, Asifa Majid
Summary: Animals can detect early infection cues, reducing contamination risk. Humans, regardless of cultural background, can detect signals of illness. The study shows that different cultures can recognize immune response signals to help detect infectious threats.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naoki Ashida, Yohei Maeda, Takahiro Kitamura, Masaki Hayama, Takeshi Tsuda, Ayaka Nakatani, Sho Obata, Kazuya Takeda, Hitoshi Akazawa, Fumitaka Inaba, Naohiro Hosomi, Atsuhiko Uno, Hidenori Inohara
Summary: Isolated sphenoid sinus opacifications (ISSOs) can lead to serious complications, but many patients are asymptomatic and may not receive proper treatment from otolaryngologists. This study revealed that a significant number of patients with ISSOs who should be treated by otolaryngologists were not referred to the otolaryngology department, emphasizing the importance of raising awareness among other clinicians.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eleonora M. Vromen, Sterre C. M. de Boer, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Annemieke Rozemuller, Anne Sieben, Maria Bjerke, Pieter Jelle Visser, Femke H. Bouwman, Sebastiaan Engelborghs, Betty M. Tijms
Summary: The biological definition of Alzheimer's disease using CSF biomarkers requires both abnormal amyloid and tau levels. However, a recent multicenter study found that up to 73% of individuals with normal CSF levels of both amyloid and tau had Alzheimer's disease at autopsy, suggesting the biomarkers may not always accurately reflect disease presence or absence. This finding has important implications for both research and clinical settings, and highlights the need for further investigation into the use of CSF biomarkers in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease.
Article
Ethics
John T. Maier
Summary: The discussion distinguishes between whether addiction is a disease and whether it is a disability. Addiction is considered a disability regardless of the answer to the disease question. Viewing addiction as a disability shifts the focus to the social environment's role in addressing addiction, rather than solely on medical treatment of the addicted individual. The fundamental ethical question becomes how a just society can provide reasonable accommodations for addicted persons.
Article
Oncology
Tra Ly Nguyen, Marie-Julie Nokin, Silvia Teres, Mercedes Tome, Clement Bodineau, Oriane Galmar, Jean-Max Pasquet, Benoit Rousseau, Sebastian van Liempd, Juan Manuel Falcon-Perez, Elodie Richard, Elodie Muzotte, Hamid-Reza Rezvani, Muriel Priault, Marion Bouchecareilh, Isabelle Redonnet-Vernhet, Julien Calvo, Benjamin Uzan, Francoise Pflumio, Patricia Fuentes, Maria L. Toribio, Abdel-Majid Khatib, Pierre Soubeyran, Piedad Del Socorro Murdoch, Raul Duran
Summary: Upregulation of Notch1 in T-ALL induces metabolic changes in glutamine, leading to increased glutamine addiction. Notch1 also activates the mTORC1 pathway through increased glutaminolysis, promoting cell growth. Combined treatment targeting mTORC1 and limiting glutamine availability has a synergistic effect in inducing apoptosis and preventing Notch1-driven leukemia progression.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Camilla Martignon, Fabio Giuseppe Laginestra, Gaia Giuriato, Anna Pedrinolla, Chiara Barbi, Ilaria Antonella Di Vico, Michele Tinazzi, Federico Schena, Massimo Venturelli
Summary: This study investigated the interaction between central and peripheral components of neuromuscular fatigue in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) compared with healthy controls. The results showed that central neuromuscular fatigue was exacerbated in PD patients, while peripheral fatigue did not differ significantly. This suggests that physical activity may limit fatigue and counterbalance the degenerative effects of PD through peripheral adaptations.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Timna Naftali, Lihi Bar-Lev Schleider, Fabiana Scklerovsky Benjaminov, Fred Meir Konikoff, Shelly Tartakover Matalon, Yehuda Ringel
Summary: This study found that short-term treatment with THC-rich cannabis can induce clinical remission and improve quality of life in patients with mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis, but does not significantly improve inflammatory markers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunsheng Hou, Hao Liang, Chenxiao Chen, Hongxia Zhao, Pengfei Zhao, Shuai Deng, Beibei Li, Dahe Yang, Sa Yang, Lena Wilfert
Summary: Domesticated honeybees and wild bees are essential for human and environmental health, but infectious diseases, such as Varroa destructor mite as a viral vector, pose a significant threat to these pollinators. Lake Sinai Viruses (LSV) have been found in honeybee colonies, but the global epidemiology and transmission patterns of LSV remain unclear. This study investigates the diversity and association of LSV with different honeybee species and suggests a potential role of migratory beekeeping in pathogen spread.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daria Kostiniuk, Hely Tamminen, Pashupati P. Mishra, Saara Marttila, Emma Raitoharju
Summary: The nc886 locus is not polymorphically imprinted in non-human primates and guinea pigs, unlike in humans, suggesting that animal models are not applicable for nc886 research. The data obtained suggests that the nc886 region may be classically imprinted in great apes and potentially also in Old World monkeys.
