Journal
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
Volume 98, Issue 4, Pages 619-637Publisher
CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.1139/cjss-2017-0155
Keywords
16S rRNA; ITS region; microbial diversity; tillage; stubble retention
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31460337, 31660373, 31761143004]
- National Twelfth Five-Year Plan Circular Agricultural Science and Technology Project [2012 BAD14B03]
- Education Department of Gansu Province [2017C-12]
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science open fund project [GSCS-2013-13]
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Soil management practices have the potential to modify the diversity and function of microbes in agricultural fields. The aim of this study was to investigate bacterial and fungal diversity in a 15 yr wheat-pea rotation tillage experiment. The treatments included conventional tillage with stubble removed, no-till with stubble removed, no-till with stubble retained (NTS), and conventional tillage with stubble incorporated. Illumina high-throughput sequencing platform was employed to sequence bacteria 16S rRNA (V3V4) and fungi internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) region genes in 0-10 cm and 10-30 cm of soil sampled. The dominant bacterial and fungal phyla identified at 97% similarity cutoff across both depths of treatments were Proteobacteria (26.3%), Actinobacteria (25.1%), Acidobacteria (15.0%), Gemmatimonadetes (8.8%), Ascomycota (85.8%), and Basidiomycota (8.0%). NTS had significantly (p < 0.05) higher microbial diversity indices, total organic carbon, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, NO3-N, and NH4-N at 0-10 cm depth. Tillage and stubble effects had a significant correlation with some phyla such as Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, JL-ETNP-Z39, Nitrospirae, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and other identified and unidentified minor microbial phyla. No-till and residue retention practices influenced fungal and bacterial species diversity through improved soil chemical properties, which have potential to affect the habitat and activity of soil microbes. Therefore, no-till and stubble retention could improve soil quality and promote sustainable agriculture in the rainfed Loess Plateau.
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