Article
Immunology
Rubing Zhou, Junzhao Li, Zhengyang Chen, Ruideng Wang, Yin Shen, Rong Zhang, Fang Zhou, Yong Zhang
Summary: Blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption is a crucial event in spinal cord injury (SCI), allowing harmful substances to enter neural tissue and exacerbate secondary damage. The mechanisms of BSCB disruption in the acute phase of SCI remain unclear, leading to a lack of effective clinical treatment strategies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. Wesolowski, P. Can, K. Warzecha, F. Freise, R. Carlson, J. Nessler, A. Tipold
Summary: This study aimed to determine the involvement of Th17 and Treg cells in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI) in dogs. The results showed altered levels of Th17 and Treg cells in the peripheral blood during the acute stage of intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH), and preexisting inflammatory diseases did not seem to influence these cell populations. Therefore, Th17 and Treg cells should be considered in evaluating new treatment strategies for SCI.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shiva Hashemizadeh, Zeinab Gharaylou, Saereh Hosseindoost, Maryam Sardari, Ameneh Omidi, Hassan Hosseini Ravandi, Mahmoudreza Hadjighassem
Summary: This study found that early administration of bumetanide after spinal cord injury can promote recovery of locomotor function. The results showed that bumetanide can reduce the expression of NKCC1 gene and increase GAP protein levels, thereby having neuroprotective and regenerative effects.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andreia G. Pinho, Susana Monteiro, Valentina Liberato, Diogo J. Santos, Jonas Campos, Jorge R. Cibra, Nuno A. Silva, Nidia de Sousa, Anton Barreiro-Iglesias, Antonio J. Salgado
Summary: This study aimed to understand the potential of baclofen as a treatment to promote recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). The results showed that baclofen can improve locomotor and bladder function control in mice after SCI, and it may modulate the immune response. Although further research is needed to explore the mechanisms behind the functional improvements produced by baclofen, this study opens up new avenues for designing pharmacological strategies to promote SCI recovery.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Chen Jin, Rui Zhu, Zhan-wei Wang, Yi Li, Hao-fei Ni, Meng-lei Xu, Liang-dong Zheng, Yu-ting Cao, Yi-ting Yang, Wei Xu, Jian-jie Wang, Ning Xie, Li-ming Cheng
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition with no cure, but regenerative medicine holds promise. This study characterized the mechanical properties of injured rat spinal cord tissue at different time points after crush injury. The results showed that the injured tissues had lower stiffness and higher viscosity immediately after injury, but gradually returned to baseline values and eventually displayed increased viscoelastic properties. These findings have important implications for the development of biomaterials for SCI repair.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Tej D. Azad, Sumil K. Nair, Anita L. Kalluri, Joshua Materi, A. Karim Ahmed, Jawad Khalifeh, Nancy Abu-Bonsrah, Lisa N. Sharwood, Robert C. Sterner, Nathaniel P. Brooks, Safwan Alomari, Farah N. Musharbash, Kevin Mo, Daniel Lubelski, Timothy F. Witham, Nicholas Theodore, Ali Bydon
Summary: A systematic review found that patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) presented later than those in high-income countries (HICs) and had a higher proportion of delayed presentation. The main reasons for delayed presentation in LMICs were financial barriers, lack of patient awareness and education, and prehospital transportation barriers.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
P. Sreeharsha, Rishi Mugesh Kanna, Raunak Milton, Ajoy Prasad Shetty, S. Rajasekaran
Summary: The incidence and risk factors for complications, length of stay, and mortality after traumatic spinal injuries were analyzed in this study. Chest injuries, cervical spine injury, complete neurological deficit, and ankylosing spondylitis were key predictors of mortality, while age and thoracic injuries contributed to higher morbidity and prolonged hospitalization.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eiki Kanemaru, Yusuke Miyazaki, Eizo Marutani, Mariko Ezaka, Shunsaku Goto, Etsuo Ohshima, Donald B. Bloch, Fumito Ichinose
Summary: The study investigates the effects of polysulfides on delayed paraplegia after spinal cord ischemia. The results show that administration of GSSSG can prevent paraplegia in mice and increase levels of polysulfides in the lumbar spinal cord, leading to decreased neurodegeneration and cell death. These findings suggest that targeted delivery of sulfane sulfur by polysulfides may have potential as a novel treatment approach for neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Cell Biology
Seyoung Mun, Kyudong Han, Jung Keun Hyun
Summary: Gene expression changes following spinal cord injury are time-dependent and involve inflammatory and immune responses. Key genes and biological processes with potential therapeutic effects were identified based on the timing of injury.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Tim Fischer, Christoph Stern, Patrick Freund, Martin Schubert, Reto Sutter
Summary: WD can be detected on T2-weighted scans in the majority of cervical spinal cord injury patients and is associated with higher levels of impairment, as indicated by AIS grades and motor and sensory evoked potential scores.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tao Jiang, Tao Qin, Peng Gao, Zhiwen Tao, Xiaowei Wang, Mengyuan Wu, Jun Gu, Bo Chu, Ziyang Zheng, Jiang Yi, Tao Xu, Yifan Huang, Hao Liu, Shujie Zhao, Yongxin Ren, Jian Chen, Guoyong Yin
Summary: The expression of SIRT1 in spinal cord endothelial cells is decreased after spinal cord injury (SCI). SIRT1 has the ability to reduce endothelial reactive oxygen species production and protect endothelial barrier function, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target for promoting functional recovery against blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption following SCI.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chase A. Knibbe, Rakib Uddin Ahmed, Felicia Wilkins, Mayur Sharma, Jay Ethridge, Monique Morgan, Destiny Gibson, Kimberly B. Cooper, Dena R. Howland, Manicka V. Vadhanam, Shirish S. Barve, Steven Davison, Leslie C. Sherwood, Jack Semler, Thomas Abell, Maxwell Boakye
Summary: Gastrointestinal (GI) complications following spinal cord injury (SCI) are associated with poor outcomes. The SmartPill (TM) capsule can be used to assess effects in GI function post-injury. Our minipig model allows us to evaluate these post-injury changes, optimizing interventions and improving GI function.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Haiyang Yu, Duanyong Chen, Hai Jiang, Guangtao Fu, Yuhui Yang, Zhantao Deng, Yuanfeng Chen, Qiujian Zheng
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause changes in brain structure and function. A voxel-based meta-analysis was conducted to identify specific changes in brain gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV) following SCI. The results showed significant GMV loss in the left insula and bilateral thalamus, as well as significant WMV loss in the bilateral corticospinal tract (CST) in SCI patients compared to healthy controls. Higher motor and pinprick scores were associated with greater GMV in the right postcentral gyrus, while a positive relationship was observed between the light touch score and the bilateral postcentral gyrus. These findings suggest that SCI may trigger neurodegeneration changes in the sensory and motor pathways, and that atrophy of the left insula may be related to depression and neuropathic pain in SCI patients. These structural abnormalities could serve as neuroimaging biomarkers for evaluating prognosis and treatment effect, as well as monitoring disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oche Adam Itodo, Peter Francis Raguindin, Jens Wollner, Inge Eriks-Hoogland, Xavier Jordan, Margret Hund-Georgiadis, Taulant Muka, Jurgen Pannek, Jivko Stoyanov, Marija Glisic
Summary: This study investigated longitudinal changes in androgen levels in individuals with SCI during initial inpatient rehabilitation stay and found a significant increase in total testosterone and DHEA-S in men with SCI, suggesting the need for further research on the impact of these hormonal changes on neurological recovery and metabolic parameters.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chenxi Zhao, Tiangang Zhou, Xiaoqing Zhao, Yilin Pang, Wenxiang Li, Baoyou Fan, Ming Li, Xinjie Liu, Lei Ma, Jiawei Zhang, Chao Sun, Wenyuan Shen, Xiaohong Kong, Xue Yao, Shiqing Feng
Summary: This study provides preclinical information on the administration time window of 2-12 h post-injury for nafamostat in contusive SCI. It reveals that nafamostat functions by inhibiting thrombin-mediated BSCB breakdown and subsequent infiltration of peripheral immune cells.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)