Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andrea N. Wang, Joselia Carlos, Krishna K. Singh, Graham M. Fraser, John J. McGuire
Summary: In this study, endothelial dysfunction and altered expression of endothelial genes in type 2 diabetes were examined using ZDSD rats as a model. The results showed that ZDSD rats exhibited endothelial dysfunction and increased sensitivity to PAR2 agonist-induced vasodilation. Additionally, altered expression of multiple endothelial genes, including PAR2, suggested the involvement of inflammatory and angiogenesis signaling pathways in the endothelium of ZDSD rats.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Annalisa Canta, Valentina A. A. Carozzi, Alessia Chiorazzi, Cristina Meregalli, Norberto Oggioni, Virginia Rodriguez-Menendez, Barbara Sala, Roberto Cosimo Melcangi, Silvia Giatti, Raffaella Lombardi, Roberto Bianchi, Paola Marmiroli, Guido Cavaletti
Summary: The development and progression of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) involve multiple mechanisms. Reliable animal models of DPN are still challenging. Most of the current knowledge on DPN pathogenesis is based on results from rodent models, despite their differences from humans.
Review
Physiology
Andrea N. Wang, Joselia Carlos, Graham M. Fraser, John J. McGuire
Summary: This review discusses the usage of Zucker Diabetic-Sprague Dawley (ZDSD) rat in diabetes, including prediabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome research, and emphasizes the importance for researchers to choose appropriate preclinical models that accurately mimic human type 2 diabetes and to be aware of limitations in experimental design.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haitao Shen, Jianlong Han, Rongfa Guan, Delei Cai, Yibin Zheng, Zhen Meng, Qing Chen, Jingguang Li, Yongning Wu
Summary: This study investigated the accumulation and distribution of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in different organs of rats, and calculated their bioavailability based on feces, liver, and fat endpoints. The results revealed different bioavailability for congeners with varying degrees of chlorination. Additionally, female rats exhibited higher bioavailability for PCDDs at low doses compared to males, while there was no significant difference in PCB bioavailability between female and male rats.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Baolin Huang, Zimin Lin, Zhenzhen Chen, Jiasheng Chen, Birui Shi, Jingjing Jia, Yuan Li, Yueqing Pan, Yuntao Liang, Zheng Cai
Summary: Designing oral drug delivery systems using intestinal glucose transporters (IGTs) is a potential strategy for improving oral bioavailability of drugs. However, the biological factors affecting the drug transport capacity of IGTs are not well understood. This study demonstrated that gastrodin, a sedative drug with a structure similar to glucose, is absorbed via the intestinal glucose transport pathway and can be used to evaluate the drug transport capacity of IGTs. Different strains of rats and mice showed variation in the drug transport capacity of IGTs, with SD rats and C57 mice being more suitable for evaluating the pharmacokinetics of glycosides' active ingredients absorbed via the intestinal glucose transport pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Quan, Yong Lin, Chaoyi Xue, Yong Cheng, Jie Luo, Aihua Lou, Maomao Zeng, Zhiyong He, Qingwu Shen, Jie Chen
Summary: This study investigated the combined impact of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) on metabolism and health. The accumulation of acrylamide and N-epsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) resulted in decreased insulin sensitivity, increased oxidative stress levels, and pathological injuries to various organs. However, the presence of harmane, another MRP, mitigated some of these negative effects but introduced new health issues such as kidney damage and increased cancer risk. Metabolomic analysis suggested that these effects might be related to abnormal metabolism of fumaric acid and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The study highlights the complexities of the combined effects of MRPs on health.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Peter E. Levanovich, Charles S. Chung, Dragana Komnenov, Noreen F. Rossi
Summary: The study suggests that consuming high fructose during adolescence may lead to salt-sensitive hypertension in adulthood, as well as predisposing to vascular stiffening and LV diastolic dysfunction in later life when ingested with a high-salt diet during this early plastic phase.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yueru Lian, Liyun Niu, Zhiyun Meng, Xiaoxia Zhu, Ruolan Gu, Zhuona Wu, Jian Li, Peng Han, Taoyun Liu, Hui Gan, Guifang Dou
Summary: This study successfully established a method for simultaneous quantification of five blueberry anthocyanins using UPLC-MS/MS, and studied their pharmacokinetics in rats. The results showed that anthocyanins were quickly absorbed and effectively taken, but eliminated in blood at an appropriate rate. Differences were observed between the substance contents of anthocyanin monomers in vitro and their absorption and distribution behaviors in vivo. Additionally, the possibility of enterohepatic circulation in rats was suggested.
EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alejandro Garcia-Beltran, Rosario Martinez, Jesus M. Porres, Francisco Arrebola, Inmaculada Ruiz Artero, Milagros Galisteo, Pilar Aranda, Garyfallia Kapravelou, Maria Lopez-Jurado
Summary: In this study, a rat model of diet-induced obesity was used to investigate the effects of aging on the gene expression of the liver transcriptome. The results showed that different lengths of diet-induced obesity resulted in significant differences in metabolic changes, including increased body weight, hepatic fat deposition, and abnormal fatty acid metabolism. The study suggests that the choice of obesity-induction length is crucial for controlling the obesity model in specific experimental designs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pretty Murambiwa, Achasih Quinta Nkemzi, Samson Mukaratirwa
Summary: The study found that tissue-dwelling helminth parasites co-infection did not result in the expected decrease in blood glucose levels, but rather caused hypoinsulinemia and an increase in liver glycogen content in the host. This suggests that there are other mechanisms at play affecting glucose storage and blood glucose levels.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rui Wang, Yu-ming You, Xiong Liu
Summary: This study demonstrated that Zanthoxylum alkylamides can improve glucose metabolism disorder in diabetic rats, with TRPV1 receptor potentially playing a role in regulating gene and protein expressions related to glucose metabolism and insulin secretion in the liver and pancreas, thus participating in the hypoglycemic effect of Zanthoxylum alkylamides.
APPLIED BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Suiyuan Hu, Chu Lin, Xiaoling Cai, Xingyun Zhu, Fang Lv, Lin Nie, Linong Ji
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the urinary glucose excretion (UGE) mediated by SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in individuals with different levels of renal function. The results showed that UGE decreased with the extent of renal function impairment.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bonisiwe Mbatha, Andile Khathi, Ntethelelo Sibiya, Irvin Booysen, Patrick Mangundu, Phikelelani Ngubane
Summary: The dioxidovanadium(V) complex cis-[VO2 (obz)py] showed positive effects on renal function in diabetic rats, decreasing blood glucose concentrations, mean arterial pressure, and glomerular filtration rate, while increasing antioxidant enzyme concentrations and reducing kidney injury molecule levels.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mauricio Delgado-Bravo, David A. Hart, Raylene A. Reimer, Walter Herzog
Summary: This study aimed to determine if the consumption of a high-fat high-sucrose (HFS) diet starting in the post-weaning period leads to changes in skeletal muscle morphology and mechanics. The findings showed that exposure to a HFS diet led to increased body mass, body fat percentage, and early signs of metabolic syndrome, resulting in functional deficits in childhood rats' skeletal muscle.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nur Hilwani Ismail, Khairul Osman, Aini Farzana Zulkefli, Mohd Helmy Mokhtar, Siti Fatimah Ibrahim
Summary: Research suggests that Gelam honey can reduce atrophy of the uterine and vaginal epithelia in rats, while increasing the thickness of the endometrial stroma and endometrial surface endothelial layer. However, further investigation is needed regarding the effects of Gelam honey on the vaginal epithelium.