Review
Energy & Fuels
Qian Zhang, Malcolm A. Kelland, Hailong Lu
Summary: Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) have been used for decades to solve the hydrate formation problem in oil and gas flowlines. Traditional amide-based polymers have been supplemented by non-amide KHIs, including amine-based, amine oxide-based, phosphonate-based, sulfonate-based, hydroxyl-based, acrylate-based, and urethane-based KHIs. The inhibition performance of non-amide polymers is related to their chemical structures and the hydrophobic groups connected to the functional groups. Non-amide KHIs with suitable hydrophobic groups show better inhibition performance than some commercial amide-containing KHIs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yanzhen Liu, Qingping Li, Xin Lv, Lei Yang, Junfeng Wang, Fen Qiao, Jiafei Zhao, Huiping Qi
Summary: In deep-sea oil and gas transportation, kinetic inhibitors are used to prevent gas hydrates from clogging pipelines. However, clay particles can adsorb these inhibitors, reducing their effectiveness. This study found that 1:1-type layered silicates can only adsorb inhibitors through the surface, while 2:1-type layered silicates can adsorb inhibitors through both surface and intercalation. The adsorbed inhibitors make the clay particles aggregate and settle, weakening their inhibitory effect on gas hydrates.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ankur Singh, Ajay Suri
Summary: This study investigates the synergistic effects of three plant-based polysaccharides with four kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs), and experimental results show that the polysaccharides can effectively enhance the hydrate inhibition performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jinxiang Liu, Wenxiu Zhang, HuanHua Wu, Zhigang Gao, Yiwei Feng, Shengli Liu
Summary: In this study, the adsorption of kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) on metal surfaces was investigated using first-principles computational method. It was found that KHIs preferentially adsorb onto the Fe surface and undergo electron transfer with the Fe surface, while acting as electron donors to the Fe3O4 surface. Hydrophobic interaction plays a dominant role in adsorption affinity, and electron transfer enhances adsorption stability. Additionally, the adsorption affinity of four poly(N-vinyl lactam)s with different ring sizes was compared, with PVCap exhibiting the strongest adsorption strength on Fe surface.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zheng Liu, Baojiang Sun, Zhiyuan Wang, Jianbo Zhang, Xuerui Wang
Summary: A model was established to predict the risk of hydrate reformation in production pipelines during offshore gas hydrate development, studying the region and higher-risk drainage pipe. A new hydrate management strategy by adding additional pumps and heaters was proposed to effectively address potential hydrate reformation risks.
Article
Thermodynamics
Abdolreza Farhadian, Zahra Taheri Rizi, Parisa Naeiji, Mahboobeh Mohammad-Taheri, Alireza Shaabani, Mohammad Ali Aminolroayaei, Mingjun Yang
Summary: The depletion of sweet gas reserves has led to the exploitation of sour gas fields, resulting in a higher risk of gas hydrate formation and pipeline plugging. The use of kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) has been researched to mitigate gas hydrate formation, but most KHIs show poor performance in systems with high H2S concentrations. This study developed three effective KHIs that were able to inhibit gas hydrate formation in both sour and sweet media.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Amir Saberi, Abdolmohammad Alamdari, Ali Rasoolzadeh, Amir H. Mohammadi
Summary: This study investigated the impact of three chemicals at different concentrations on gas hydrate formation, and identified the optimal choices. Furthermore, the combination of PVP and MEG in an aqueous solution was found to have a simultaneous synergistic impact on both natural gas hydrate formation induction time and the rate of gas consumption.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Barbara Louise Lemos Drumond Silva, Isabella Leite Ferraz, Denis Fernandes do Nascimento, Jose Adilson de Castro, Leticia Vitorazi
Summary: This study investigates the novelty of using alginate as a natural gas hydrate inhibitor, finding that lower concentrations and acidic pH environment are beneficial for its inhibitory effect. The JMAK model is suitable for describing the crystallization kinetics of the studied systems, with alginate showing good inhibitory capacity.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhiming Liu, Xin Geng, Yan Gao, Haiyuan Yao, Haihong Chen, Zhigang Li, Guangchun Song, Wuchang Wang, Yuxing Li
Summary: This study explored the effect of wax content on hydrate formation and deposition, and observed the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the hydrate deposit layer. The study found that wax influenced the morphology and growth pattern of hydrate, and proposed corresponding mechanisms. Additionally, the adhesive force of hydrate formed in different wax content was measured. This work provides insights on the interaction of hydrate and wax, and can improve flow-assurance strategies in oil-gas production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Imran, Qasim Saleem, Hassan A. Ajwad, Taras Y. Makogon, Shaikh A. Ali, Anas Rushaid, Saroj K. Panda, Manal Al-Eid, Nadrah A. Alawani, Rashed M. Aleisa, Ali A. Jabran, Mohamed Elanany
Summary: In this study, copolymers of N-vinylcaprolactam (Vcap) with N-acryloyl type comonomers were synthesized and tested as kinetic hydrates inhibitors (KHIs) for structure-I type gas hydrates formed under sour environments. The copolymers showed better performance compared to the P(Vcap) homopolymer, with the best performance observed for the comonomer with cyclic pendant groups with one heteroatom. The KHI performance of the copolymers also increased significantly with higher ratios of acryloyl monomer relative to Vcap.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chun-Gang Xu, Wei Zhang, Hao-Yang Li, Chang-Wen Xiao, Xiao-Sen Li
Summary: This study combines macro experimental investigation, simulation calculation, and microscopic analysis to study the process of hydrate formation and the effects of gas molecules on hydrate nucleation. The results propose a more efficient hydrate formation method and provide directions for solving the key bottleneck of hydrate technology.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yang Zhao, Yanzhen Liu, Hongsheng Dong, Chong Chen, Tianxiang Zhang, Lei Yang, Lunxiang Zhang, Yu Liu, Yongchen Song, Jiafei Zhao
Summary: This paper proposes a new method for coating inhibitors, which allows for the magnetic recovery of inhibitory particles and demonstrates good cycle performance. The experimental results show that this method can effectively extend the formation time of hydrates and solve pipeline blockage issues by preventing further growth of hydrates.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Polymer Science
Alsu Venerovna Fakhreeva, Vasily Viktorovich Nosov, Alexander Iosifovich Voloshin, Vladimir Anatolyevich Dokichev
Summary: This review discusses the types and applications of chemical inhibitors of gas hydrate formation in the oil and gas industry. It analyzes the development of new types of environmentally safe green kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) based on biopolymers. The article considers the structure, physicochemical properties, efficiency, and commercial prospects of polysaccharides in preventing and controlling gas hydrate formation. It also presents recent research on cost-effective, efficient, and biodegradable KHIs for industrial applications in the oil and gas industry.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hanie Mohsenzade, Shima Foroutan, Ali Dashti, Navid Ramezanian, Hadi Roosta
Summary: In this study, poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)s were synthesized as potent kinetic hydrate inhibitors, with modifications such as 3-mercaptopropionic acid and mercaptoacetic acid showing superior performance in reducing the growth rate of structure I and structure II hydrates. The synthesized polymers also outperformed commercial products in delaying induction time and increasing relative inhibition power values.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Myungchul Park, Younghoon Sohn, Hyunho Kim, Ki-Heum Park, Mincheol Ryu, Yutaek Seo
Summary: The performance of Luvicap EG was investigated with varying pH conditions and the addition of MEG. Results showed that Luvicap deteriorated at high pH conditions, while MEG effectively slowed down the growth rate for acid and neutral solutions. Under high pH and high impeller speed, Luvicap EG performed well with an enhanced effect by the addition of MEG.
