Article
Urology & Nephrology
William G. Goodman, Donald T. Ward, Kevin J. Martin, Debra Drayer, Carol Moore, Jiahong Xu, James Lai, Yun Chon, Edward. F. Nemeth
Summary: The study suggests that hyperphosphatemia may attenuate the therapeutic response to calcimimetic agents, but the efficacy of treatment with calcimimetic agents remains strong in managing secondary hyperparathyroidism among dialysis patients, even with elevated serum phosphorus levels.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Fumihiko Koiwa, Shin Tokunaga, Shinji Asada, Yuichi Endo, Masafumi Fukagawa, Tadao Akizawa
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of once-daily oral evocalcet in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), finding that treatment with evocalcet is effective and safe regardless of prior cinacalcet treatment in SHPT patients.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wasita W. Parksook, Mahyar Heydarpour, Jenifer M. Brown, Alexander Turchin, Michael Mannstadt, Anand Vaidya
Summary: In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, treatment with maximally tolerated doses of eplerenone and amiloride did not significantly alter PTH or serum calcium levels, but when combined with cinacalcet therapy, there was a significant reduction in PTH and calcium levels.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Patricia P. Centeno, Lenah S. Binmahfouz, Khaleda Alghamdi, Donald T. Ward
Summary: The calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) functions as a sensor and controller of extracellular calcium concentration, and it is also sensitive to and modulated by other ions and small ligands besides calcium. Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular phosphate can act as a non-competitive antagonist of the CaR, modulating parathyroid hormone secretion and integrating mineral homeostasis. Intracellular phosphorylation of certain CaR residues can also inhibit its responsiveness, reducing CaR activity both extracellularly (via association with arginine) and intracellularly (via covalent phosphorylation).
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Moritaka Goto, Go Nishimura, Hirofumi Sato, Yu Yamaguchi, Nobutaka Morimoto, Hiroyuki Hashimoto, Naoki Takahashi
Summary: Upacicalcet is a non-peptide calcimimetic agent that shows potential as an alternative treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease. It activates the calcium-sensing receptor in a calcium concentration-dependent manner, without exhibiting agonistic activity at sub-physiological levels. Upacicalcet effectively reduces parathyroid hormone and serum calcium levels in rats, without affecting gastric emptying. Compared to other calcimimetics, it has good pharmacological properties and a lower risk of hypocalcemia and gastrointestinal complications.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Salvatore Minisola, Andrew Arnold, Zhanna Belaya, Maria Luisa Brandi, Bart L. Clarke, Fadil M. Hannan, Lorenz C. Hofbauer, Karl L. Insogna, Andre Lacroix, Uri Liberman, Andrea Palermo, Jessica Pepe, Rene Rizzoli, Robert Wermers, Rajesh Thakker
Summary: This narrative review provides an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and genetics of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). PHPT primarily affects postmenopausal women, but its prevalence and incidence vary globally. Parathyroid hormone plays a key role in regulating calcium homeostasis, and the pathophysiological basis of PHPT involves abnormal proliferation of parathyroid cells and reduced expression of calcium-sensing receptors. The severity of skeletal disease in PHPT depends on the degree of dysregulated bone remodeling. Genetic factors contribute to approximately 10% of PHPT cases, including multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes, hyperparathyroidism jaw-tumor syndrome, and isolated endocrinopathies.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robert Naples, Jonah D. Thomas, Rosebel Monteiro, Samuel J. Zolin, Corey K. Timmerman, Kate Crawford, Judy Jin, Joyce J. Shin, Vikram D. Krishnamurthy, Eren Berber, Allan E. Siperstein
Summary: There is a poor correlation between preoperative calcium and PTH values and the size and number of diseased glands in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Preoperative laboratory testing cannot accurately predict gland size and multigland disease.
ENDOCRINE PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Surgery
Kylie J. Nabata, Jacob J. Wiseman, Sam M. Wiseman
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the diagnosis, characterization and treatment of patients with normohormonal primary hyperparathyroidism (NHpHPT). The findings showed that NHpHPT patients had lower levels of PTH and calcium, and were more likely to require bilateral neck exploration and have multigland disease intraoperatively. The surgical cure rate was high for NHpHPT patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Transplantation
Nahid Tabibzadeh, Angelo Karaboyas, Bruce M. Robinson, Philipp A. Csomor, David M. Spiegel, Pieter Evenepoel, Stefan H. Jacobson, Pablo-Antonio Urena-Torres, Masafumi Fukagawa, Issa Al Salmi, Xinling Liang, Ronald L. Pisoni, Eric W. Young
Summary: The study found that patients with higher PTH levels before starting hemodialysis were more likely to be prescribed active vitamin D and calcimimetics during the first year of hemodialysis. Additionally, these patients had a higher risk of having PTH levels greater than 600pg/mL 9-12 months after starting hemodialysis.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
A. Sillars, R. Livingstone, T. M. Yates, I. M. Godber, S. J. Gallacher, F. W. Gibb, G. P. Leese, B. Kennon
Summary: The aim of this audit was to assess the extent of serum calcium testing and the frequency of hypercalcaemia in primary care, as well as the appropriateness of subsequent investigations. The results showed that about 10.6% of the population per year in primary care had their serum calcium checked, and approximately half of those with initial high calcium levels normalized on repeat testing.
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Julie Bernardor, Sacha Flammier, Jean-Pierre Salles, Cyril Amouroux, Mireille Castanet, Anne Lienhardt, Laetitia Martinerie, Ivan Damgov, Agnes Linglart, Justine Bacchetta
Summary: In this study, the French experience in using Cinacalcet for pediatric primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) was reported. The results showed that Cinacalcet can effectively control hypercalcemia and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels without significant side effects.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
James Koh, Run Zhang, Sanziana Roman, Quan-Yang Duh, Jessica Gosnell, Wen Shen, Insoo Suh, Julie A. Sosa
Summary: This study found that there are variations in calcium-sensing capacity among parathyroid tumors, and downregulation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) is not the only underlying mechanism. Differences in tumor responsiveness to calcium may contribute to variations in clinical presentation of PHPT.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kelly McKenna, Nancy Street Dunbar, Kourosh Parham
Summary: The disease presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism is more severe in children, possibly due to factors such as delay in diagnosis, age-related differences in calcium metabolism and bone turnover, and the influence of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis. Studies suggest that decreased secretion of GH and IGF-1 in symptomatic adult PHPT patients may also contribute to disease severity, but further research is needed to confirm this in the pediatric population.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Natalia G. Mokrysheva, Anna K. Eremkina, Alina R. Elfimova, Elena V. Kovaleva, Anastasiia P. Miliutina, Ekaterina E. Bibik, Anna M. Gorbacheva, Ekaterina A. Dobreva, Irina S. Maganeva, Julia A. Krupinova, Rustam H. Salimkhanov, Lizaveta A. Aboishava, Elena V. Karaseva, Galina A. Melnichenko, Ivan I. Dedov
Summary: The aim of this study was to estimate the clinical and biochemical profile, complications, surgical intervention, and medical therapy of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in the Russian Federation. The results showed that the detection rate of PHPT has increased in recent years, but most patients still had significant alterations in phosphorus-calcium metabolism, indicating delayed diagnosis and the need for further improvement in medical care.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guido Zavatta, Bart L. Clarke
Summary: NHPT is a milder form of classical primary hyperparathyroidism, characterized by frequent oscillations of serum calcium challenging the diagnosis. It may be a cardiovascular risk factor.
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)