Editorial Material
Oncology
Anna J. Dare, Arnauld Bayle, Asma Hatoqai, Chemtai Mungo, Diego Gimenez Velilla, Enrique Soto-Perez-de-Celis, Freddy Houehanou Rodrigue Gnangnon, Melissa Siaw Han Lim, Tlotlo Ralefala, Venus Dadirai Mushininga
Summary: Many patients in various parts of the world lack access to affordable and crucial cancer treatments. The newly formed ATOM Coalition, through public-private partnerships, aims to provide essential cancer medicines and diagnostics to patients in low-and lower middle-income countries.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ran Ma, Mian-Qing Wang, Hua He
Summary: This paper analyzes the relationship between firms' patent portfolio index and domestic value-added ratio in China. The results show that domestic patent portfolio plays a significant role in promoting enterprises' export domestic value-added ratio, especially for public trading enterprises and high productivity enterprises.
Article
Economics
Zara Liaqat, Karrar Hussain, Bilal M. Khan
Summary: This study provides evidence on price dispersion within a foreign seller among importing firms in Pakistan. Importers tend to renegotiate prices on-the-match, leading to price drops over time; foreign sellers of differentiated products charge higher prices to new and one-shot buyers.
Article
Business, Finance
Yu Ma, Wenyu Qian, Zhiqian Luan
Summary: After the implementation of the new trading rules, investors flocked to the ChiNext board, resulting in a surge in turnover, while leading stocks on the ChiNext board demonstrated significant cumulative abnormal returns compared to the STAR board and main board.Overall, the new trading rules have generated a stronger up limit herding effect in the ChiNext board.
FINANCE RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Business, Finance
Xingting Zhu, Xiang Ma, Faheem Ur Rehman, Bin Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that Chinese stock pension funds have similar investment preferences to mutual funds but consistently underperform (outperform) their mutual fund counterparts in growth (value) stock investing. The study provides evidence that stocks with low pension fund ownership have higher price manipulation risks and should be compensated by a risk manipulation premium. The research also finds a significant price manipulation premium in the Chinese market.
NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE
(2024)
Article
Business, Finance
Shaen Corbet, Fergal O'Connor
Summary: This paper uses newly compiled data on silver prices in London and New York markets, along with monthly Dollar-Sterling exchange rates from 1878 to 1953, to investigate information sources and price discovery. The results suggest that London was the dominant market and pricing leader for silver throughout the period analyzed, with evidence of dynamic information flows both within years and decades. These phenomena can be explained by the use of silver in agricultural market payments and international silver production flows.
FINANCE RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Yilei Wang, Sheng Cheng, Yan Cao
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of global crude oil price on economic policy uncertainty in BRICS countries, finding heterogeneous effects across different countries and oil price change regimes. The influence of oil price on economic policy uncertainty exhibits nonlinear and asymmetric patterns.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cloe Geboers, Math J. J. M. Candel, Gera E. Nagelhout, Hein de Vries, Bas van den Putte, Geoffrey T. Fong, Marc C. Willemsen
Summary: Dutch smokers use various strategies to reduce tobacco spending, such as reducing consumption and buying cheaper products. The study found that the majority of smokers reported using strategies to reduce spending and that price played a role in their decision to quit.
Article
Ecology
Kelvin Mulungu, Nicholas Kilimani
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between access to forest resources and coping strategies employed by rural households in Malawi. The results show that households are more likely to adopt costly coping strategies in response to covariate weather shocks, but the opposite is true for idiosyncratic shocks. The use of forest products helps poor households in cushioning against the effects of shocks and can serve as a critical safety net when access to forest resources is ensured.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Yang Yating, Nafeesa Mughal, Jun Wen, Truong Thi Ngan, Edwin Ramirez-Asis, Apichit Maneengam
Summary: This research study investigates the relationship between natural resources, commodity prices volatility, and global economic performance from 1970 to 2021. The findings suggest that all variables are vulnerable, particularly during global crisis events. There is a bidirectional causal association between natural resources commodity price volatility and global economic performance, but the impact of natural resources price volatility is only significant in the short run, while economic performance influences price volatility in the long run. Furthermore, global economic performance has a unidirectional impact on crude oil prices.
Article
Business
Wenbing Luo, Ziyan Tian, Xusheng Fang, Mingjun Deng
Summary: This study investigates the impact of ESG performance on the probability of stock price crashes, finding that commendable ESG performance lowers the likelihood of such crashes by curbing earnings management and corporate risk. However, the positive influence diminishes with increased analyst coverage. Furthermore, good ESG performance has a more significant effect on non-state companies.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Kashif Abbass, Arshian Sharif, Huaming Song, Malik Tayyab Ali, Farina Khan, Nabila Amin
Summary: This study examines the impact of the geopolitical oil price risk index, global gold price, global interest rate, and global exchange rate on Islamic and conventional securities. The findings show that these variables have different effects on securities under different market trends.
Article
Business, Finance
Ruihui Xu, Xuliang Zhang, Giray Gozgor, Chi Keung Marco Lau, Cheng Yan
Summary: This study utilizes a unique dataset of global infrastructure funds from January 2005 to June 2019 to present two new findings. Firstly, investor flow-chasing exists at the level of infrastructure fund companies, which is driven by the opacity of information and uncertainty of returns. Secondly, infrastructure funds charge higher fees even when their before-fee performance is worse, which can be explained by fund characteristics and year effects. Based on these findings, countermeasures are proposed from the perspectives of investors, regulators, investor protection managers, and fund managers, with incentive mechanism reforms to alleviate the price-performance puzzle and improve the efficiency of infrastructure fund portfolios.
RESEARCH IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND FINANCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jidong Huang, Yu Wang, Zongshuan Duan, Yoonsang Kim, Sherry L. Emery, Frank J. Chaloupka
Summary: Despite mixed evidence, many smokers use e-cigarettes to quit smoking. With the substantial growth of e-cigarette sales in recent years, it is important to understand how it may affect FDA-approved nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products in the US. This study aims to investigate the impact of e-cigarette prices and TV advertising on the demand for NRT products.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Management
Sandro Shelegia, Joshua Sherman
Summary: In the West, it is unusual for consumers to receive discounts below the posted price. However, when stores are asked, about 40% of them grant a discount with a median discount percentage of 10%. Small-scale firms, higher priced products, and nonsale items are more likely to offer discounts, indicating the importance of monitoring costs and employee skills in bargaining behavior.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Matthew P. Fox, Alana T. Brennan, Cornelius Nattey, William B. MacLeod, Alyssa Harlow, Koleka Mlisana, Mhairi Maskew, Sergio Carmona, Jacob Bor
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Warren A. Kaplan
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Dorina Onoya, Cheryl Hendrickson, Tembeka Sineke, Mhairi Maskew, Lawrence Long, Jacob Bor, Matthew P. Fox
Summary: The study found that the implementation of Universal Test & Treat policy led to a decrease in patient attrition within 12 months after HIV diagnosis, while there was no change in attrition rates under the same-day initiation of antiretroviral therapy policy. Older age, being in a non-marital relationship, and shorter travel time to the clinic were associated with lower attrition rates, while patients diagnosed under the same-day initiation policy had a higher risk of attrition. More research is needed to effectively initiate patients on ART and reduce long-term attrition from care.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Julie M. Petersen, Lynsie R. Ranker, Ruby Barnard-Mayers, Richard F. MacLehose, Matthew P. Fox
Summary: QBA applications in epidemiological research were rare but increasing over time. Most studies used QBA as secondary analyses to conventional methods or to assess the extent of bias. Common types of biases included misclassification, uncontrolled confounders, and selection bias. Many studies did not consider multiple biases or correlations between errors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jacob Bor, Anna Gage, Dorina Onoya, Mhairi Maskew, Yorghos Tripodis, Matthew P. Fox, Adrian Puren, Sergio Carmona, Koleka Mlisana, William MacLeod
Summary: Quality of HIV care in South Africa has improved over the past 5 years, but there is significant variation in quality across facilities. Understanding differences in quality over time and space can guide interventions to achieve better health outcomes.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Abhishek Sharma, Warren A. Kaplan, Gautam Satheesh, Indra Prasad Poudyal, Pawan Gyawali, Dinesh Neupane, Parash Mani Bhandari, Milan Malla, Surendra Sapkota, Shiva Raj Mishra
Summary: The study evaluated the health system capacity and barriers in accessing diagnostics and essential medicines for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes in Nepal. The findings revealed critical gaps in Nepal's health system capacity to offer basic health services to CVD and diabetes patients, particularly due to low availability and poor affordability and accessibility. Research and policy initiatives are needed to ensure uninterrupted supply of affordable essential medicines and diagnostics.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abhishek Sharma, Warren A. Kaplan
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Ehrenkranz, Sydney Rosen, Andrew Boulle, Jeffrey W. Eaton, Nathan Ford, Matthew P. Fox, Anna Grimsrud, Brian D. Rice, Izukanji Sikazwe, Charles B. Holmes
Article
Immunology
Mhairi Maskew, Alana T. Brennan, Willem D. F. Venter, Matthew P. Fox, Lungisile Vezi, Sydney Rosen
Summary: Initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the same day does not lead to an overall increase in patient attrition from care, and results in similar rates of retention and viral suppression compared to standard procedures. The offer of same-day initiation may shift some attrition from before to after dispensing the first dose of medication.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Patience Nyakato, Michael Schomaker, Geoffrey Fatti, Frank Tanser, Jonathan Euvrard, Nosisa Sipambo, Matthew P. Fox, Andreas D. Haas, Constantin T. Yiannoutsos, Mary-Ann Davies, Morna Cornell
Summary: A study conducted in South Africa on older adolescents (including pregnant females) who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) found that they had a high risk of loss to follow up and a low risk of virologic non-suppression. Increasing age and good immune indicators were important factors in reducing loss to follow up and virologic non-suppression.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2022)
Review
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Julie M. Petersen, Malcolm Barrett, Katherine A. Ahrens, Eleanor J. Murray, Allison S. Bryant, Carol J. Hogue, Sunni L. Mumford, Salini Gadupudi, Matthew P. Fox, Ludovic Trinquart
Summary: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are crucial for determining the etiological associations between exposures or interventions and health outcomes. However, observational studies are susceptible to residual confounding, which can affect their validity. The confounder matrix approach provides a method for assessing and summarizing the control of confounding in observational studies, improving the transparency of reporting and informing meta-analyses.
RESEARCH SYNTHESIS METHODS
(2022)
Article
Development Studies
Md. Deen Islam, Warren A. Kaplan, Veronika J. Wirtz, Kevin P. Gallagher
Summary: The article examines the impact of WTO's intellectual property provisions on insulin prices in Bangladesh. It finds that the graduation from LDC status will cause a significant increase in insulin prices, leading to a decline in welfare and an increase in poverty rate for households with diabetes in Bangladesh unless policy adjustments are made.
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
William B. MacLeod, Jacob Bor, Sue Candy, Mhairi Maskew, Matthew P. Fox, Katia Bulekova, Alana T. Brennan, James Potter, Cornelius Nattey, Dorina Onoya, Koleka Mlisana, Wendy Stevens, Sergio Carmona
Summary: The NHLS National HIV Cohort collects laboratory data of almost all patients receiving HIV care in the public sector in South Africa since April 2004. Using an anonymised unique patient identifier, the cohort enables researchers to prospectively observe patients through their laboratory results as they receive HIV care and treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sophie Pascoe, Matthew Fox, Jeremy Kane, Sithabile Mngadi, Pertunia Manganye, Lawrence C. Long, Kristina Metz, Taylor Allen, Srishti Sardana, Ross Greener, Amy Zheng, Donald M. Thea, Laura K. Murray
Summary: This paper describes a protocol for a randomised trial testing the effectiveness of the Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA) in improving HIV treatment outcomes among women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) in South Africa.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edson Servan-Mori, Md Deen Islam, Warren A. Kaplan, Rachel Thrasher, Veronika J. Wirtz
Summary: This study examined household expenditure on medicines and its associated factors using data from the Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey. The findings suggest that the poorest households have higher out-of-pocket expenditures on medicines compared to the wealthiest households, and chronic diseases, particularly cancer, are significant predictors of high medicine expenditures. The study recommends providing financial protection for the poorest households and including rural households in coverage. Additionally, outpatient medicine benefits should cover non-communicable diseases (NCDs).