Editorial Material
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Paolo Bonanni, Robert Steffen, Joerg Schelling, Lina Balaisyte-Jazone, Inga Posiuniene, Maciej Zatonski, Pierre Van Damme
Summary: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has revealed that complications and mortality rates from infectious diseases are higher among older individuals. Vaccination coverage for adults remains low despite the availability of various vaccines. Co-administration of vaccines in adults is not a common practice, although it could improve vaccine uptake and timely immunization. This review examines the safety and advantages of co-administering vaccines in children and adults, particularly in the context of tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis, meningococcal, human papillomavirus, influenza, pneumococcal disease, and herpes zoster vaccines. Co-administration of vaccines in children and travelers has been proven to be a cost-saving strategy that improves coverage, and healthcare providers should consider recommending and practicing this approach in order to enhance protection against vaccine-preventable diseases and comply with national vaccination schedules.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Parnian Ghasemi, Mohamad Aslani, Jeramy C. Ashlock, R. Christopher Williams, Vernon R. Schaefer
Summary: This study evaluated structural behavior and improved design procedures for gantry crane way pavement used at intermodal facilities by assessing interactions among pavements, subgrades, and operational loading conditions. The performance of gantry crane pavements and foundations was assessed using a finite-element (FE) model, and pavement structural response to a crane load was measured using strain gages installed in the field.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zongchao Liu, Shuai Teng, Gongfa Chen, Linhui Wu, Junwei Yang, Fangsen Cui, Pei Ho
Summary: A new stent-graft design with slits was proposed to improve sealing effect and maintain blood flow in supra-aortic branches during thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). Mechanical evaluations and fluid dynamic analysis showed satisfactory results, suggesting potential applicability in dealing with technical difficulties at the aortic arch.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Einollah Pira, Vahid Rafe, Sajad Esfandyari
Summary: Although the t-way strategy aims to generate a minimal test suite for error detection in software systems, it faces challenges regarding the quality of the generated test suite, the difficulty of manually preparing parameters and their values, and the slow generation speed and large size of the test suite. This paper proposes a three-phase approach called TPA to address these challenges, including injecting information about special errors into the test suite, automatically preparing parameters and their values, and improving the functionality of the t-way strategy using an adopted version of evolution strategy. Comparative evaluations confirm that TPA outperforms other evolutionary algorithms in terms of functionality.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Eugenia Meirinhos Cruz, Maria Luisa Corvo, Maria Barbara Martins, Sandra Simoes, Maria Manuela Gaspar
Summary: The concept of drugs has expanded to include macromolecules such as proteins and enzymes as bioagents in pharmaceuticals. Enzymes, in particular, pose challenges in terms of delivery and carrier systems. This review focuses on therapeutic enzymes and their applications, listing examples that have reached the pharmaceutical market. It also addresses problems associated with their clinical use and explores nanotechnological strategies to address these issues. Liposomes, the most well-studied and suitable nanosystem for enzyme delivery in vivo, are discussed as drug delivery systems. Examples of liposomal enzymatic formulations and successful pre-clinical results are extensively discussed.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ruming Jiang, Xing Wu, Hao Liu, Jingjing Guo, Dijia Zou, Zujin Zhao, Ben Zhong Tang
Summary: This study successfully developed orange-red delayed fluorescence molecules with high efficiency organic light-emitting diodes by introducing a stronger electron acceptor benzoyl and utilizing spiral-structured acridine donors. The incorporation of benzoyl led to red-shifted photoluminescence, accelerated reverse intersystem crossing, reduced delayed lifetimes, increased photoluminescence quantum yield, and high optical outcoupling efficiency, resulting in record-high electroluminescence efficiencies.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Niloufar Afzali, Reza Keshavarzi, Shahram Tangestaninejad, Sixto Gimenez, Valiollah Mirkhani, Majid Moghadam, Iraj Mohammadpoor-Baltork
Summary: Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are a group of compounds with high porosity and diverse capabilities in photoelectrochemistry, however, they still face challenges due to bulk and surface recombination issues. This study introduced a dual strategy to enhance charge separation and catalytic activity by using mesoporous TiO2 to minimize bulk recombination and a CoPi co-catalyst to increase MOF catalytic activity. The results showed significant improvement in photocurrent density for PEC water oxidation, validating the effectiveness of the developed strategy for further applications in photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry.
APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Vasco Liberal, Remi Forrat, Cong Zhang, Charles Pan, Matthew Bonaparte, Wushan Yin, Lingyi Zheng, Valeria Viscardi, Yukun Wu, Yasemin Ataman-Onal, Stephen Savarino, Catherine Chen
Summary: The study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the OnSite Dengue IgG rapid diagnostic test and found that it had a specificity of 98.0% and sensitivity of 95.3%. These findings support the use of this test in determining dengue serostatus for CYD-TDV vaccination.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hamed Baniamerian, Parisa Ghofrani-Isfahani, Panagiotis Tsapekos, Merlin Alvarado-Morales, Mohammad Shahrokhi, Irini Angelidaki
Summary: The study found that metals such as nickel and iron are crucial for the anaerobic digestion process, and utilizing nickel and iron coated on TiO2 nanoparticles can enhance hydrolysis rate and methane production of substrates.
Article
Optics
Cat Pattie, Stacey Aston, Gabriele Jordan
Summary: Our study results do not support the use of EnChroma notch filters for improving color discrimination in individuals with color-vision deficiencies. Discrimination improved for some colors while worsening for others.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chen Ma, Yasir Latif
Summary: This study reveals that self-regulatory resources mediate the relationship between internal CSR and employee psychological well-being, and the mediating effect between external CSR and employee psychological well-being is moderated by employee attitudes toward business ethics. For those with high levels of business ethics attitudes, self-regulatory resources positively mediate the relationship between external CSR and employee psychological well-being.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rosalba Pitruzzella, Riccardo Rovida, Chiara Perri, Alessandro Chiodi, Francesco Arcadio, Nunzio Cennamo, Laura Pasquardini, Lia Vanzetti, Michele Fedrizzi, Luigi Zeni, Girolamo D'Agostino
Summary: In this study, Fe2O3 was used as a doping agent in PMMA to enhance the plasmonic effect in POF sensors. The doping procedure involved immersing a premanufactured POF sensor chip in an iron (III) solution. After treatment, a gold nanofilm was deposited on the doped PMMA to achieve surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The doping process increased the refractive index of the PMMA, improving the SPR phenomena. Different analyses were conducted to characterize the doping of PMMA and experimental results confirmed the enhanced plasmonic phenomenon.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yingying Zheng, Simone Correa-Silva, Patricia Palmeira, Magda Carneiro-Sampaio
Summary: Human milk plays a unique role in nourishing and protecting infants from enteric and respiratory infections. It contains secretory IgA antibodies and various bioactive factors. Maternal vaccination can induce specific antibodies in breast milk, offering passive immunity to the neonate during breastfeeding. Studies have shown elevated levels of IgA and IgG antibodies with virus-neutralizing abilities in breast milk after maternal vaccination, including anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hitoshi Sai, Yoshiki Sato, Toshiki Oku, Takuya Matsui
Summary: Both experimental and numerical results show that thinning the silicon wafer can increase the open circuit voltage of c-Si solar cells, leading to improved conversion efficiency. Additionally, thin c-Si cells exhibit less temperature dependence, suggesting that the choice of wafer thickness should be optimized depending on the operating temperature in the field.
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Bastian Hagedorn, Johannes Lenfers, Thomas Koehler, Xueying Qin, Sergei Gorlatch, Michel Steuwer
Summary: This paper presents two functional languages, RISE and ELEVATE, which help optimize program efficiency on modern parallel hardware. RISE is used to express computations, while ELEVATE is used to describe optimization strategies. By using these languages, high-performance parallel code can be automatically generated, not limited to existing operations and optimizations.
COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM
(2022)