Journal
BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
Volume 101, Issue 2, Pages 881-887Publisher
SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
DOI: 10.1785/0120100160
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Funding
- European project TRANSFER [STREP-037058]
- Spanish national project [CGL2008-01830]
- Consolider TopoIberia [CSD2006-00041]
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On 12 August 2007, a magnitude M-w 4.7 intraplate earthquake occurred near the center of the Iberian Peninsula, an area characterized by comparably simple crustal structure within the complex Iberia-Maghreb plate boundary zone, and characterized by complete azimuthal coverage with seismic broadband stations. We analyze regional intermediate-period (20- to 50-s) coda waveforms for this earthquake. They contain energy representing late-arriving surface waves that have been reflected laterally at lithospheric heterogeneities in or around Iberia, but complexity of the coda waveforms hampers a direct interpretation. We use coda recordings as the source for a back-propagating adjoint wave field and compute 3D Born sensitivity kernels for the dependence of least-squares waveform misfits of coda waves on wave speed variations. We hereby image the origin of single scattering recorded in the coda. Misfit kernels for P- and S-wave velocity show azimuth-dependent intensity variation as a result of source radiation, and an appropriate compensation significantly improves imaging quality, thereby revealing several clear lineaments. These are interpreted as surface-wave reflectors due to deep-rooted heterogeneity such as terrain boundaries or Moho topography, demonstrating the ability of the approach to unravel complex waveforms, and providing a new point of view on regional lithospheric structure.
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