Review
Construction & Building Technology
Cho Kwong Charlie Lam, Hyunjung Lee, Shing-Ru Yang, Sookuk Park
Summary: This study reviewed 130 peer-reviewed papers published during 2006-2019, which investigated outdoor thermal comfort using computer simulations. Most studies were conducted in the Northern Hemisphere and the temperate oceanic climate during summer. The widely used computer simulation program and thermal indices were identified, along with the validation methods used in the studies.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yu Tang, Xuelian Bai, Chaoqiang Jin, Yusen Fu, Wangxin Mao, Xin Xu
Summary: This study conducted field experiments and thermal environment evaluation in an existing data center. Problems were identified and three cost-efficient methods were proposed and validated through simulation and field experiments. The results showed significant improvement in the thermal environment and energy savings.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yuan Su, Zongmao Li, Qinglin Meng, Qinfeng Zhao, Xuezheng Wu, Qiaochu Liu, Zhirui Wu, Chanjuan Wang
Summary: High-density urban development is negatively impacting the outdoor microclimate of residential areas. This study found that the spatial forms of buildings significantly influence outdoor thermal comfort in residential blocks. Parameters such as vegetation volume to built-up volume and landscape otherness have a significant impact on optimizing outdoor thermal comfort.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shuanye Han, Haibin Wei, Boyu Jiang, Hongwei Wang, Jinhao Chen
Summary: This study proposes a method of using conductive rubber composites for active snow melting and analyzes the melting process through numerical simulation and outdoor experiments. The results show that conductive rubber composites can melt snow more rapidly and evenly than existing methods, laying an important foundation for practical applications.
ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
P. Moghimi, H. Rahimzadeh, A. Ahmadpour
Summary: The study designed a low-cost solar fruit and vegetable dryer, with an optimized drying capacity increased by over 50% compared to direct dryers. The thermal efficiency of the dryer was high, suitable for household use, and could inspire conversion of typical direct dryers into indirect ones.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hankai Chen, Rui Liu, Yu Zhang
Summary: The impact of vegetation canopy on the outdoor thermal environment in cold winter and spring was investigated. The presence of vegetation canopy raised air temperature and humidity, reduced wind speed, and mitigated solar radiation. Deciduous broad-leaved vegetation notably reduced cold discomfort and improved thermal comfort in the cold winter and spring.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xingzhao Zhang, Luqiao Yang, Ruizhe Luo, Hsin-Yu Wu, Jiaqi Xu, Chenyu Huang, Yingjun Ruan, Xiaowei Zheng, Jiawei Yao
Summary: This study collected geometries of workers' villages and used machine learning algorithms to model and estimate outdoor wind and thermal comfort. The results showed that most workers' villages have high wind ratios. Additionally, workers' villages in Jiangsu experience more extreme summer heat, while those in Zhejiang have higher wind ratios in winter and summer.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Haixu Yu, Zhijun Wei
Summary: This study investigates the effects of design parameters on the flow field, thrust, and average specific impulse of slot nozzles through cold-flow experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that the slot location is the most important parameter, and when the slot is close to the separation point, it significantly improves the thrust. By replacing traditional nozzles with slot nozzles, the performance of the first-stage rocket is significantly improved with an average specific impulse increase of 5.1 s to 7.9 s.
AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Yaolin Lin, Tao Huang, Wei Yang, Xiancun Hu, Chunqing Li
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of the outdoor environment on the indoor thermal environment, including the physical environment and weather conditions. The results show that increasing trees can lower indoor temperature, while global warming can lead to increased energy consumption and decreased heating demand. In addition, outdoor air pollution also affects indoor environment and energy consumption.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Meng Zhen, Weihan Zou, Rui Zheng, Yujie Lu
Summary: The outdoor thermal environment is crucial in determining the livability of a city. This study conducted a survey in Xi'an to evaluate the outdoor thermal comfort and adaptive thermal comfort in different urban forms. The results showed that residents in the cold study area perceived the outdoor climate as relatively hot. Psychological and physical adaptations were observed in terms of their thermal comfort. Additionally, the neutral PET varied among regions and was influenced by climate zone and latitude.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhiying Zhang, Yuqian Mei, Yuequn Xu, Jing Feng, Yifan Zhang
Summary: To quantify the impact of greening facilities on outdoor near-ground temperature, the author conducted a simulation analysis and design optimization of the campus outdoor thermal environment under a compound energy supply system. Two schemes, one with vegetation and one without, were established based on UAV aerial survey data, and the thermal environment was simulated and compared using ENVI-met. The results showed that vegetation and turf had a significant cooling effect, reducing the high-temperature area and improving human comfort. The vertical cooling effect of vegetation extended up to 15 meters.
Article
Thermodynamics
M. A. Tawfik, M. El-Tohamy, Amany A. Metwally, A. M. Khallaf, W. E. Abd Allah
Summary: The present study aims to construct a cheap small-scale solar parabolic dish desalination system made from reused local recyclable materials without complex parts and power source. The system's unique configuration provides advantageous approach. Experimental and numerical investigations were conducted to validate the system, and the results revealed the optical efficiency and the impact of salt concentration on water production and efficiency.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
V Ljungdahl, K. Taha, J. Dallaire, E. Kieseritzky, F. Pawelz, M. Jradi, C. Veje
Summary: This study investigates the theoretical and experimental aspects of a Phase Change Material (PCM)-based ventilation system module, developing a numerical model to predict the system's dynamic performance. The optimal PCM melting temperature is found to significantly increase cooling capacity compared to the reference temperature. The study highlights the importance of PCM mass and melting temperature in optimizing the efficiency and performance of the PCM-driven ventilation system.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Milad Teymori-omran, Ali Motevali, Seyed Reza Mousavi Seyedi, Mehdi Montazeri
Summary: The study utilized ANSYS Fluent for numerical simulation to improve energy consumption in greenhouse systems. The photovoltaic/thermal system was simulated under various parameters and compared for performance in indoor and outdoor conditions. The optimal design was identified as longitudinal 14 mm tubes with a flow rate of 3 lit/min, showing good agreement between experimental and simulation data.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Muhammad Ali Khan, Muhammad Daniyal Khalid, Muhammad Ilyas, Muhammad Daniyal Nauman, Muhammad Asim, Khalid Waheed, Fatih Aydogan
Summary: An innovative twined tube heat exchanger design for advanced nuclear reactors is proposed, which is simple, robust, and efficient. Thermal-hydraulic investigations are performed through experiments and numerical simulations, showing that the performance factor of the twined tube heat exchanger is higher than that of straight tube heat exchanger, with a maximum enhancement of 60%. The proposed design is also easier to fabricate and maintain than helical coil heat exchangers.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Parth Bansal, Steven Jige Quan
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between urban form and canopy layer urban heat island (CUHI) using a relatively large sample of microclimate sensors in Seoul, Korea. The study compares different statistical models and finds that the spatially explicit gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model has the highest accuracy. The study also shows that the effect of urban form on CUHI varies at different time instances during the day. These findings provide valuable insights for planners to understand the complexity of urban climate and reduce CUHI magnitude.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Miaomiao Liu, Salah Almazmumi, Pinlu Cao, Carlos Jimenez-bescos, John Kaiser Calautit
Summary: Windcatchers provide effective low-energy ventilation and summer passive cooling in temperate climates. However, their use in winter is limited due to significant ventilation heat loss and potential discomfort. This study evaluates the applicability of windcatchers in low-temperature conditions, highlighting the need for control strategies to reduce over-ventilation and the integration of heat recovery or thermal storage to enhance winter thermal conditions.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Behrouz Nourozi, Aneta Wierzbicka, Runming Yao, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This article presents a systematic review of ventilation solutions in hospital wards, aiming to enhance pathogen removal performance while maintaining patient and healthcare staff comfort using air-cleaning techniques. The study reveals the importance of proper ventilation systems in reducing infection risk and adverse effects of cross-contamination.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhen Yang, Weirong Zhang, Hongkai Liu, Weijia Zhang, Mingyuan Qin
Summary: The study examines the influence of personalized local heating on the thermal comfort of occupants in old residential buildings. The findings reveal that personalized local heating can increase the overall thermal sensation of occupants, but only a few methods are effective in enhancing thermal comfort. The chosen heating methods and background temperature affect the participants' selection of heating parts.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hong Cheng, Dan Norback, Huilin Zhang, Liu Yang, Baizhan Li, Yinping Zhang, Zhuohui Zhao, Qihong Deng, Chen Huang, Xu Yang, Chan Lu, Hua Qian, Tingting Wang, Ling Zhang, Wei Yu, Juan Wang, Xin Zhang
Summary: The home environment and sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms in five southern Chinese cities have been studied over time. The study found a decrease in asthma prevalence and an increase in allergic rhinitis. Cockroaches, rats, mice, mosquitoes or flies were identified as consistent biological risk factors for SBS symptoms, while redecoration, buying new furniture, and traffic air pollution were identified as other risk factors.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chaojie Xing, Zhengtao Ai, Zhiwei Liu, Cheuk Ming Mak, Hai Ming Wong
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the emission characteristics of droplets around the mouth during dental treatments. The results showed that the peak mass fraction of droplets occurs within the size range of 20 μm to 100 μm, and droplets with a diameter less than 200 μm account for over 80% of the mass fraction. The dominant emission direction of droplets is towards the dummy's head and chest, forming an approximately cone shape.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhijian Liu, Zhe Han, Lina Hu, Chenxing Hu, Rui Rong
Summary: This study compared the effects of different respiratory behaviors on the distribution of aerosols in a ward and the risk of infection for healthcare workers using numerical simulation. It was found that talking in the ward significantly increased aerosol concentrations, particularly short periods of talking. Wards designed with side-supply ventilation had lower overall infection risk. Talking alternately between healthcare workers and patients slightly extended the impact time of aerosols.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yan Yan, Mengyuan Kang, Haodong Zhang, Zhiwei Lian, Xiaojun Fan, Chandra Sekhar, Pawel Wargocki, Li Lan
Summary: In a high-density city, opening windows for sleep may lead to increased indoor temperature, higher PM2.5 concentration, and noise disturbance, which can negatively impact sleep quality.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yan Bai, Liang Liu, Kai Liu, Shuai Yu, Yifan Shen, Di Sun
Summary: This study developed a non-intrusive personal thermal comfort model using machine learning techniques combined with infrared facial recognition. The results showed that the ensemble learning models perform better than traditional models, and the broad learning model has a higher prediction precision with lower computational complexity and faster training speed compared to deep neural networks. The findings provide a reference for optimizing building thermal environments.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yue Lei, Zeynep Duygu Tekler, Sicheng Zhan, Clayton Miller, Adrian Chong
Summary: Mixed-mode ventilation is a promising solution for achieving energy-efficient and comfortable indoor environments. This study found that occupants can thermally adapt when switching between natural ventilation (NV) and air-conditioning (AC) modes within the same day, with the adaptation process stabilizing between 35 to 45 minutes after the mode switch. These findings are important for optimizing thermal comfort in mixed-mode controls, considering the dynamic nature of thermal adaptation.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Nan Mo, Jie Han, Yingde Yin, Yelin Zhang
Summary: This study develops a method based on the LCZ framework for a comprehensive evaluation of urban-scale heat island effects, considering the impact of geographic factors on LST. The results show that Guilin's geomorphological conditions lead to abnormal heat island effects during winter, and the cooling effects of mountains and water bodies vary seasonally in different built areas, with LCZ 2 exhibiting the strongest cooling effect.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tunga Salthammer
Summary: Monitoring the potential formaldehyde emission of wood-based materials through test chamber investigations has significantly contributed to reducing indoor formaldehyde concentrations. However, the different methodologies used in these procedures prevent direct result comparison. Empirical models for converting formaldehyde steady-state concentrations based on temperature, humidity, air change rate, and loading were developed in the 1970s and have been modified to accommodate the development of lower-emitting materials. Formaldehyde emissions from wood-based materials are complex and require nonlinear regression tools for mathematical analysis.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Katarina Stebelova, Katarina Kovacova, Zuzana Dzirbikova, Peter Hanuliak, Tomas Bacigal, Peter Hartman, Andrea Vargova, Jozef Hraska
Summary: This study investigated the impact of reduced short-wavelength light on the hormone melatonin metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (u-sMEL) and examined the association between previous day's light exposure and u-sMEL. It was found that reducing short-wavelength light during the day did not change the concentration of u-sMEL. Personal photopic illuminance was positively correlated with u-sMEL in the reference week. The illuminance had a significant impact on u-sMEL, as shown by the evaluation of the mean of all three urine samples. However, this correlation was not found in the experimental week.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ruoxin Xiong, Ying Shi, Haoming Jing, Wei Liang, Yorie Nakahira, Pingbo Tang
Summary: This study proposes a data-model integration method to identify and calibrate uncertainties in machine learning models, leading to improved thermal perception predictions. The method utilizes the Multidimensional Association Rule Mining algorithm to identify biased human responses and enhances prediction accuracy and reliability. The study also evaluates different calibration techniques and discovers their potential in enhancing prediction reliability.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Beichao Hu, Zeda Yin, Abderrachid Hamrani, Arturo Leon, Dwayne McDaniel
Summary: This paper introduces an innovative super-resolution approach to model the air flow and temperature field in the cold aisle of a data center. The proposed method reconstructs a high-fidelity flow field by using a low-fidelity flow field, significantly reducing the computational time and enabling real-time prediction.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)