Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Olivia Metcalf, Kari Gibson, Julia Fredrickson, Laura Finlayson-Short, Tracey Varker, Meaghan O'Donnell
Summary: This study aims to adapt the SOLAR program into a smartphone application and evaluate its effectiveness for emergency service workers. The study will involve focus groups and co-design activities to develop and test the prototype smartphone version of SOLAR (SOLAR-m). A multicenter randomized controlled trial will then be conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the new app in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as other indicators of mental health and work performance.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Riley Botelle, Vishal Bhavsar, Giouliana Kadra-Scalzo, Aurelie Mascio, Marcus Williams, Angus Roberts, Sumithra Velupillai, Robert Stewart
Summary: This study evaluates the application of a natural language processing (NLP) model for extracting clinical text referring to interpersonal violence using electronic health records (EHRs) from a large mental healthcare provider. The study developed guidelines for annotating clinical text referring to violence and evaluated the NLP approach using a pretrained transformer model. The results show that state of the art NLP models can extract and classify clinical text on violence from EHRs at acceptable levels of scale, efficiency and accuracy.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xianglan Wang, Jiong Tao, Qi Zhu, Xiuhua Wu, Tong Li, Chongbang Zhao, Weirui Yang, Xiaoying Wang, Jinbei Zhang, Nianhong Guan
Summary: During the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak, depression and anxiety symptoms increased to varying degrees among patients, the general public, and medical staff. Patients showed higher rates of depression and anxiety symptoms compared to the public and medical staff, with different risk factors identified for each group.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Simon P. Hammond, Claire Duddy, Ella Mickleburgh, Rachel Hiller, Elsbeth Neil, Kevin Williams, Luke Rodgers, Jon Wilson, Geoff Wong
Summary: This article introduces the importance of Life Story Work (LSW) for the mental health of adolescents and proposes low-intensity LSW as a promising alternative. The article describes the methods and analysis of a realist review and highlights the potential for improving the delivery of LSW to adolescents with care-experience through this process.
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Gaddy Noy, Ravi Navin Shah
Summary: The article discusses recommendations from two academic psychiatrists based on their experiences providing psychiatric care in a corporate setting. It emphasizes the key issues and best practices to ensure employer-sponsored mental health services are successful for both patients and mental health providers.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jessica Wilson, Milena Heinsch, David Betts, Debbie Booth, Frances Kay-Lambkin
Summary: The study aimed to explore how older adults engage with technology-facilitated health care (e-health) and identified barriers such as lack of self-efficacy and support, as well as facilitators including active engagement of target end users and privacy concerns. E-health offers a potential solution to overcome barriers for older adults to access timely and effective health care, but addressing identified barriers and facilitators are crucial for realizing this potential.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Daniel J. Ikeda, Khameer Kidia, Bruce D. Agins, Jessica E. Haberer, Alexander C. Tsai
Summary: HIV remains a pressing global health issue, with slow global implementation of PrEP. Psychosocial factors like mental illness and substance use can affect PrEP effectiveness. Integrating mental health screening and treatment into PrEP services is crucial for maximizing effectiveness and addressing mental health burdens among at-risk populations.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alison Claire Hansen, Michael Hazelton, Robyn Rosina, Kerry J. Inder
Summary: This study aims to identify factors associated with the use of seclusion and the experience of seclusion for women in forensic mental health settings. Both quantitative and qualitative data will be collected and analyzed to inform recommendations for policy and interventions to support the reduction of seclusion for women in these settings.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kerry Cuskelly, Michael John Norton, Gina Delaney
Summary: Recovery-oriented services in mental health are widely accepted, and it is important to include families in discussions about mental health recovery. This proposed scoping review aims to investigate the evidence on family recovery enablers in the context of mental health.
Review
Psychiatry
Ennio Vivaldi Macho, Gustavo Gomez Barbieri, Hernan Lechuga, Mauricio Soto-Suazo
Summary: This article examines the history of mental health hospital models in Chile and the issue of deinstitutionalization, calling for the state to provide stronger support and care for psychiatric patients.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dean J. Wright, Ben Colagiuri, Nick Glozier
Summary: Psychiatrists showed more hesitancy towards trials of MDMA-AP compared to psychologists and researchers in Australia. Experienced mental health professionals were more likely to have negative views about MDMA-AP trials.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hesborn Wao, Melvin A. Wao, Ian Muriithi, Paul Seraii, Jackline Syonguvi
Summary: This study aims to explore the availability of mental health services for university students, the extent to which students access these services and the factors associated with service access, as well as the degree to which students activate accessible services and the factors associated with service activation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lasantha Jayasinghe, Sumithra Velupillai, Robert Stewart
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the distribution and content of quoted text in electronic health records (EHRs), revealing that patients receiving mental healthcare who have been hospitalized or are of black ethnicity are more likely to have quoted text. Word embeddings trained on early psychosis intervention records proved useful in categorising small subsets of clinical records represented by one-word quotations, indicating the potential for systematic bias in clinical attention.
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Jorge Arias de la Torre, Amy Ronaldson, Jose M. Valderas, Gemma Vilagut, Antoni Serrano-Blanco, Stephani L. Hatch, Jordi Alonso, Matthew Hotopf, Alexandru Dregan
Summary: Mental health-related multimorbidity refers to the co-occurrence of mental disorders with other medical conditions. There are knowledge gaps in studying mental health-related multimorbidity, which could potentially be addressed using real-world data.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Concepcion Moreno-Calvete, Francisco Javier Ballesteros-Rodriguez
Summary: Self-directed and interpersonal violence among people with severe mental illness is a health priority, and this study aims to conduct a rapid overview of reviews on non-pharmacological interventions in this population. The protocol will identify and synthesize evidence from systematic reviews on the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on violence, with the results to be presented at mental health conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Article
Primary Health Care
Clare MacRae, Stewart W. Mercer, David Henderson, Megan McMinn, Daniel R. Morales, Emily Jefferson, Ronan A. Lyons, Jane Lyons, Chris Dibben, David A. McAllister, Bruce Guthrie
Summary: The definition of multimorbidity has a significant impact on the estimated prevalence, and it varies with age, sex, and socioeconomic position. Consistency in the definition of multimorbidity is crucial for applicable research.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Stewart W. Mercer, Carey J. Lunan, Clare MacRae, David A. G. Henderson, Bridie Fitzpatrick, John Gillies, Bruce Guthrie, Johanna Reilly
Summary: This study compared GP and patient satisfaction data in high and low deprivation areas in Scotland and found lower satisfaction rates among both GPs and patients in high deprivation areas. The differences in satisfaction persisted even after adjusting for confounding variables.
SCOTTISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Molly R. Davies, Kiran Glen, Jessica Mundy, Abigail R. Ter Kuile, Brett N. Adey, Cherie Armour, Elham Assary, Jonathan R. Coleman, Kimberley A. Goldsmith, Colette R. Hirsch, Matthew Hotopf, Christopher Hubel, Ian R. Jones, Gursharan Kalsi, Georgina Krebs, Andrew M. McIntosh, Genevieve Morneau-Vaillancourt, Alicia J. Peel, Kirstin L. Purves, Sang Hyuck Lee, Megan Skelton, Daniel J. Smith, David Veale, James T. R. Walters, Katherine S. Young, Johan Zvrskovec, Gerome Breen, Thalia C. Eley
Summary: This study examined the association between anxiety disorders and comorbidity with major depressive disorder (MDD). The findings suggest that anxiety-anxiety comorbidity and anxiety-MDD have higher clinical severity and complexity compared to single anxiety or MDD alone, with distinct features. Further research is needed to investigate anxiety disorders and comorbidity.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Eddie Donaghy, Franca Still, Helen Frost, Julia Lutte, Susan D. Shenkin, Helen E. Jones, Stewart W. Mercer
Summary: This study evaluated a GP-led adapted comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) quality improvement project, and found that this intervention was feasible in a large practice and highly valued by frail patients. However, further investigation is needed to examine the efficient use of GP's time, patient important outcomes and impact, and cost-effectiveness.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Charlotte R. L. Greene, Hanna Ward-Penny, Marianna F. Ioannou, Sarah H. Wild, Honghan Wu, Daniel J. Smith, Caroline A. Jackson
Summary: This systematic review examines the association between prescribing antidepressants or antipsychotics and type 2 diabetes outcomes. The review suggests that prescribing antidepressants may increase the risk of macrovascular disease, while the effects on glycaemic control are uncertain. Limited studies reported microvascular outcomes and risk factors other than glycaemic control. Therefore, individuals with diabetes prescribed antidepressants or antipsychotics should receive monitoring, risk factor treatment, and complications screening.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Fathima L. Marikar L. Bawa, Stewart W. W. Mercer, Jane W. W. Sutton, Christine M. M. Bond
Summary: This study aimed to design a mindfulness program for people with chronic pain that would be accessible and acceptable. Factors affecting engagement with the program and suggestions for tailoring it were identified through interviews with chronic pain patients who had participated in an 8-week mindfulness program. These factors were grouped into physical, psychological, and social domains, and modifications to the program were proposed based on healthcare professionals' and service users' input.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Navneet Aujla, Helen Frost, Bruce Guthrie, Barbara Hanratty, Eileen Kaner, Amy 'Donnell, Margaret E. Ogden, Helen G. Pain, Susan D. Shenkin, Stewart W. Mercer
Summary: This paper compares health and social care policies for older people in England and Scotland between 2011 and 2023. Despite differences in care structure, there are similarities in delivery/processes of care (such as person-centred care) and performance and patient outcomes. However, the lack of UK-wide health and social care datasets hinders policy evaluation and outcome comparison between the two countries.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ashleigh C. Duthie, Jean Hannah, G. David Batty, Ian J. Deary, John M. Starr, Daniel J. Smith, Tom C. Russ
Summary: This study investigated the association between lithium levels in drinking water and the rate of dementia using data from the Scottish Mental Survey 1932. The results showed that lithium levels in drinking water are very low in Scotland, and extremely low levels of lithium are not associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, there was a slight trend towards increased risk in females at lithium levels below 2.1 mu g/L.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Clare MacRae, Megan McMinn, Stewart W. R. Mercer, David Henderson, David A. A. McAllister, Iris Ho, Emily Jefferson, Daniel R. Morales, Jane Lyons, Ronan A. Lyons, Chris Dibben, Bruce Guthrie
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant impact of varying the conditions considered when measuring multimorbidity prevalence. There is a need for standardization in order to facilitate comparability across studies and accurately represent different population subgroups.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
D. A. G. Henderson, E. Donaghy, M. Dozier, B. Guthrie, H. Huang, M. Pickersgill, E. Stewart, A. Thompson, H. H. X. Wang, S. W. Mercer
Summary: This study conducted a systematic scoping review of international literature to examine primary care transformation (PCT) and new models of primary care. The findings showed that the expansion of multidisciplinary teams (MDT) was the most common component of PCT, but its impact on ageing populations and health inequalities is still unclear. The study also identified leadership, change, resources, and targets as key factors influencing PCT implementation.
Editorial Material
Primary Health Care
Sanghamitra Pati, Clare MacRae, David Henderson, David Weller, Bruce Guthrie, Stewart Mercer
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura M. Lyall, Natasha Sangha, Xingxing Zhu, Donald M. Lyall, Joey Ward, Rona J. Strawbridge, Breda Cullen, Daniel J. Smith
Summary: Sleep and circadian disruption have an impact on depression onset and severity, but specific features that are important and can identify individuals with poorer outcomes are unclear. This study used actigraphy and mental health data to identify the most useful sleep/rest-activity predictors of depression-related outcomes. The results showed that sleep and circadian measures alone provided poor to moderate discrimination of depression outcomes, but certain characteristics were identified that may have clinical utility.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aleks Stolicyn, Laura M. Lyall, Donald M. Lyall, Nikolaj Kjaer Hoier, Mark J. Adams, Xueyi Shen, James H. Cole, Andrew M. Mcintosh, Heather C. Whalley, Daniel J. Smith
Summary: Sleeping longer or shorter than recommended is associated with differences in brain structure, indicating potential implications for brain health. Longer sleep duration is associated with various structural differences, while shorter sleep duration is linked to lower cortical surface area.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Stella Arakelyan, Nataysia Mikula-Noble, Leonard Ho, Nazir Lone, Atul Anand, Marcus J. Lyall, Stewart W. Mercer, Bruce Guthrie
Summary: Holistic assessment-based interventions (HABIs) are effective in older people admitted to hospital, but their effectiveness in adults with multiple long-term conditions or frailty in the community is unclear. The evidence for the effectiveness of HABIs is inconsistent across different interventions, settings, and outcomes. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in hospital settings has the strongest evidence for reducing nursing home admissions and keeping patients alive and in their own homes.
LANCET HEALTHY LONGEVITY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Claire L. Niedzwiedz, Maria Jose Aragon, Josefien J. F. Breedvelt, Daniel J. Smith, Stephanie L. Prady, Rowena Jacobs
Summary: Severe mental disorders are associated with the highest risk of preventable hospital admissions. Ensuring adequate ambulatory care for individuals with mental disorders is crucial in reducing the significant health disparities they face.
