Article
Clinical Neurology
F. S. Wicke, M. Ernst, D. Otten, A. Werner, M. Dreier, E. Braehler, A. N. Tibubos, I Reiner, M. Michal, J. Wiltink, T. Muenzel, K. J. Lackner, N. Pfeiffer, J. Koenig, P. S. Wild, M. E. Beutel
Summary: The study found that depression increases mortality, but the effect is attenuated after adjusting for social status, physical health, and lifestyle variables. Gender does not significantly influence the relationship between depression and mortality.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chi-Shin Wu, Le-Yin Hsu, Yi-Jiun Pan, Shi-Heng Wang
Summary: This nationwide retrospective cohort study found that regular antidepressant use was associated with lower risk of advanced diabetic complications and mortality in patients with depression and diabetes mellitus, compared to poor adherence.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Abdel Aziz Shaheen, Gilaad G. Kaplan, Keith A. Sharkey, Brendan Cord Lethebe, Mark G. Swain
Summary: The study found that MDD was more common in patients with alcoholic liver disease, while antidepressant usage was common in both ALD and NAFLD patients. MDD was not associated with decompensated cirrhosis-free survival, but mirtazapine may increase the risk of decompensated cirrhosis or death.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Patrick J. Brown, Adam Ciarleglio, Steven P. Roose, Carolina Montes Garcia, Sarah Chung, Johana Alvarez, Alexandra Stein, Stephanie Gomez, Bret R. Rutherford
Summary: Adults with late life depression and frailty exhibit a weaker response to antidepressant medication and higher disability compared to non/intermediate frail individuals. This disability and weaker response persist even after receiving more antidepressant medication trials.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Bradley A. Fritz, Nicolas Hoertel, Eric J. Lenze, Farid Jalali, Angela M. Reiersen
Summary: Antidepressant exposure is associated with a reduced incidence of emergency department visitation or hospital admission among SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, in a dose-dependent manner. These data support the FIASMA model of antidepressants' effects against COVID-19.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Monique A. Pimontel, Nili Solomonov, Lauren Oberlin, Theodora Kanellopoulos, Jennifer N. Bress, Matthew J. Hoptman, George S. Alexopoulos, Faith M. Gunning
Summary: The study found that thicker insula at baseline predicted a reduction in apathy symptoms following 12 weeks of treatment with escitalopram. Older depressed adults with apathy may benefit from alternative treatment approaches targeting abnormalities of the salience network.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Gwenn S. Smith, Hiroto Kuwabara, Neda F. Gould, Najilla Nassery, Alena Savonenko, Jin Hui Joo, Kristin L. Bigos, Michael Kraut, James Brasic, Daniel P. Holt, Andrew W. Hall, William B. Mathews, Robert F. Dannals, Ayon Nandi, Clifford I. Workman
Summary: Late-life depression (LLD) patients have lower cortical and limbic serotonin transporter (5-HTT) availability compared to controls and show less 5-HTT occupancy by antidepressant medications. Greater regional 5-HTT occupancy by antidepressants is associated with greater improvement in depressive symptoms and visual-spatial memory performance in LLD patients, supporting the hypothesis that serotonin degeneration and variability in 5-HTT occupancy may contribute to heterogeneity in treatment response.
Article
Psychiatry
Jae-Min Kim, Hee-Ju Kang, Ju-Wan Kim, Wonsuk Choi, Ju-Yeon Lee, Sung -Wan Kim, Il-Seon Shin
Summary: The roles of inflammatory markers in predicting the response to antidepressants are controversial, with levels increasing with age. Higher hsCRP levels were associated with non-remission in younger patients, but not older patients. However, higher IL-18 and IL-6 levels were associated with non-remission in all patients, regardless of age. The associations between inflammatory markers and remission differed depending on patient age, emphasizing the importance of considering age when predicting antidepressant response based on serum hsCRP level.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Beguem Irmak Oen, Xavier Vidal, Ursula Berger, Monica Sabate, Elena Ballarin, Olga Maisterra, Antonio San-Jose, Luisa Ibanez
Summary: The study found that in individuals aged 65 and older, current, recent, or past use of antidepressants was associated with significantly increased risk of stroke and mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jihui Lee, Nili Solomonov, Samprit Banerjee, George S. Alexopoulos, Jo Anne Sirey
Summary: Late-life depression is diverse, and this study demonstrates the utility of passive sensing data collected with smartphones to track daily functioning fluctuations in elder abuse victims undergoing psychotherapy. The data revealed patient-level fluctuations in activity levels over treatment, corresponding with self-reported behavioral activation.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chaomeng Liu, Li Li, Weigang Pan, Dandi Zhu, Siyuan Lian, Yi Liu, Li Ren, Peixian Mao, Yanping Ren, Xin Ma
Summary: This study aimed to explore the functional activity and information integration of the brains under resting state in patients with first-episode, late-life depression (LLD) using graph theory. A total of 50 LLD patients and 40 non-depressed controls (NCs) were recruited. The results showed that the ability to integrate and divide labor of functional brain networks declines in LLD patients and is linked to the severity of depression. After antidepressant treatment, the small-world attribute of functional brain networks persists in LLD patients, but the information transmission efficiency and centrality of some brain regions continue to decline over time.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nazanin Jalali, Parvin Khalili, Zahra Jamali, Zahra Jalali, Amir Moghadam-Ahmadi, Alireza Vakilian, Fatemeh Ayoobi
Summary: This study found that both short and long sleep durations are associated with demographic, medication use, personal habits, and chronic diseases. The impact of hypnotic drug use on sleep duration was also considered. The results showed that short sleep duration was significantly associated with age, BMI, physical activity, and depression, while long sleep duration was associated with female sex, opium consumption, and history of MI. Stratified analysis for hypnotic drug use revealed additional associations with education, physical activity, opium consumption, and thyroid dysfunction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jingrui Zou, Yong Zhu
Summary: This study investigated the use of antidepressants among cancer survivors in the US and found that 21% of adult cancer survivors were using these medications. The use of antidepressants was more common among females, non-Hispanic whites, and those who were married or living with a partner. Patients without a routine place for healthcare had lower rates of antidepressant use.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Patrick J. Brown, Adam Ciarleglio, Steven P. Roose, Carolina Montes Garcia, Sarah Chung, Sara Fernandes, Bret R. Rutherford
Summary: This study investigated the long-term relationship between physical frailty and antidepressant medication response in older adults with depressive illness. The results showed that antidepressant medication is less effective for treating major depressive disorder in frail older adults, and even when a response is achieved, it does not improve their frailty. These findings highlight the importance of assessing frailty in depressed older adults and the need for novel therapeutic strategies to address comorbid frailty and depression.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Megan Galbally, Stuart J. Watson, Philip Boyce, Rebecca Anglin, Elizabeth McKinnon, Andrew J. Lewis
Summary: The study found that women with untreated depression during pregnancy had higher intake of unhealthy takeaway food throughout the postpartum period, while higher depressive symptoms in the postpartum were also associated with higher takeaway intake. However, there was no difference in fruit and vegetable intake among the three groups, and intake was highest for all women late in pregnancy and declined in the postpartum period.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Marine Queroue, Aude Pouymayou, Edwige Pereira, Christophe Tzourio, Juan Luis Gonzalez-Caballero, Ilaria Montagni
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the awareness and effectiveness of an interactive video on mental health literacy among French university students. Through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, results showed that the intervention group had increased or stable mental health literacy scores. Users appreciated the content and format of the video, suggesting its dissemination to other university campuses in France and internationally to promote mental health literacy among students.
HEALTH PROMOTION INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Ilaria Montagni, Maelys Abraham, Christophe Tzourio, Amandine Luquiens, Viet Nguyen-Thanh, Guillemette Quatremere
Summary: The French "Friends also at night" campaign aimed to prevent binge drinking and cannabis use among young adults at parties through peer support. The evaluation of the campaign found positive perceptions among participants, who felt involved and believed the communication strategy was acceptable and effective. However, some negative aspects, particularly related to the language and tone of the campaign, were identified. Recommendations for improvement and future campaigns on similar topics are provided.
JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kwanghyun Kim, Alexander C. Tsai, Sarah Lowe, Robert Stewart, Sun Jae Jung
Summary: This study analyzed the association between urbanicity and the onset of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and found that urban residence was associated with an increased risk of PTSD diagnosis. The association was more prominent among younger individuals and at both extremes of socioeconomic position (SEP), but only among younger participants.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Michaela-Elena Friedrich, Gayan Perera, Lisa Leutgeb, David Haardt, Richard Frey, Robert Stewart, Christoph Mueller
Summary: A study found that factors like depressed mood, physical health problems, and serious circulatory disease were associated with increased risk of hospital readmission for patients with delirium, while delirium superimposed on dementia and problematic alcohol/substance use were associated with lower odds of readmission. These findings suggest that a comprehensive understanding of the underlying risk factors could help prevent readmission.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marianna Rogowska, Mary Thornton, Byron Creese, Latha Velayudhan, Dag Aarsland, Clive Ballard, Konstantinos Tsamakis, Robert Stewart, Christoph Mueller
Summary: Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in patients with dementia and can lead to distress, rapid disease progression, and higher mortality. Non-pharmacological management should be the first-line treatment, but if medications are necessary, second-generation antipsychotics are commonly used. However, antipsychotic use in dementia is associated with adverse outcomes such as increased mortality, pneumonia, and cerebrovascular events. The risks are influenced by various factors, making individualized treatment decisions challenging. Close monitoring and early withdrawal of pharmacotherapy when possible can help mitigate these risks.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
A. R. M. Saifuddin Ekram, Joanne Ryan, Sara E. Espinoza, Anne B. B. Newman, Anne M. M. Murray, Suzanne G. Orchard, Sharyn M. Fitzgerald, John J. J. McNeil, Michael E. Ernst, Robyn L. Woods
Summary: This study examined the relationship between physical frailty and healthy community-dwelling older adults and explored the impact of frailty on disability-free survival. The results showed that frailty is common among older adults and is associated with factors such as age, waist circumference, education, and ethnicity. Frailty significantly reduces disability-free survival and addressing modifiable correlates such as depression and polypharmacy may help mitigate its adverse effects.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jae-Min Kim, Ju-Wan Kim, Hee-Ju Kang, Sung-Wan Kim, Joon-Tae Kim, Man-Seok Park, Jung-Chul Kim, Youngkeun Ahn, Myung Ho Jeong, Robert Stewart
Summary: This study investigated the association between anxiety in the acute phase and long-term outcomes of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stroke, and the potential modifying effects of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular severity at onset. The results showed that acute-phase anxiety predicted long-term outcomes, and these associations were significant only in patients with greater initial disease severities.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oleg O. Glebov, Christoph Mueller, Robert Stewart, Dag Aarsland, Gayan Perera
Summary: A retrospective study found that antidepressant drugs, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, may reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection. However, the study was limited to a cohort of mental health outpatients and further prospective studies are needed to validate their potential preventative effect.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale, Htet Lin Htun, Alice Owen, Danijela Gasevic, Aung Zaw Zaw Phyo, Daisy Fancourt, Joanne Ryan, Andrew Steptoe, Rosanne Freak-Poli
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and addressing social determinants of health may be crucial in reducing its burden. This umbrella review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of social determinants of health in cardiovascular disease.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Wa Cai, Wen Ma, Christoph Mueller, Robert Stewart, Jun Ji, Wei-Dong Shen
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the association between late-life depression or depressive symptoms and the risk of stroke in older people. The study found that late-life depression or depressive symptoms are a significant risk factor for stroke in older individuals. Regular assessment and more effective management of associated comorbidities are recommended to reduce stroke risk.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jayati Das-Munshi, Ioannis Bakolis, Laia Becares, Jacqueline Dyer, Matthew Hotopf, Josephine Ocloo, Robert Stewart, Ruth Stuart, Alex Dregan
Summary: This study aimed to determine the overall mortality rate in individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) following COVID-19 infection. It also assessed whether the excess mortality was influenced by multimorbidity or ethnicity. The results showed that patients with SMI had a higher risk of death after COVID-19 infection, especially when they also had multiple chronic conditions. Additionally, individuals of Black Caribbean/Black African ethnicity were more likely to die from COVID-19 compared to White individuals, and this disparity existed in both the SMI group and the control group.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Lidia Glodzik, Christophe Tzourio
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Peter D. Fransquet, Jacqui A. Macdonald, Joanne Ryan, Christopher J. Greenwood, Craig A. Olsson
Summary: This study examined the impact of maternal health during pregnancy on epigenetic age in children. The results showed that maternal anxiety and stress, BMI, and parent-parent relationship quality were associated with pediatric epigenetic age. High blood pressure during pregnancy was associated with age acceleration based on the Horvath clock. Smoking during the third trimester and pre-pregnancy weight were also related to acceleration and deceleration, respectively. These findings suggest that maternal health during pregnancy may influence epigenetic age in children.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Aoshuang Zhou, Joanne Ryan
Summary: Severe or chronic stress and trauma can have long-lasting effects on health, possibly even persisting across generations. Epigenetics is a mechanism that has been implicated in these effects. This article provides an overview of studies demonstrating the role of DNA methylation, a widely studied epigenetic mechanism, in the effects of early-life stress, as well as the transmission of stress across generations.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dinuli Nilaweera, Caroline Gurvich, Rosanne Freak-Poli, Robyn L. Woods, Alice Owen, John Mcneil, Mark Nelson, Nigel Stocks, Joanne Ryan
Summary: Common adverse events in older individuals, especially the death of a spouse/partner, are associated with an increased risk of mortality, with a stronger impact on men than women.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
