Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Monika Gudowska-Sawczuk, Jacek Kudelski, Michal Olkowicz, Grzegorz Mlynarczyk, Piotr Chlosta, Barbara Mroczko
Summary: This study aimed to assess the clinical usefulness of serum kappa (?) and lambda (?) free light chains (FLCs) in patients with bladder cancer. The concentrations of FLCs, CEA, and CA19-9 were significantly higher in bladder cancer patients compared to the control group. There was also a correlation between FLC and other biomarkers. The findings suggest that FLC measurements may be useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Franz Felix Konen, Tabea Seeliger, Philipp Schwenkenbecher, Stefan Gingele, Konstantin Fritz Jendretzky, Kurt-Wolfram Suhs, Diana Ernst, Torsten Witte, Thomas Skripuletz
Summary: The concentrations of KFLC and LFLC in saliva are not suitable for distinguishing patients with Neuro-Sjogren and neurological control subjects, thus a diagnostic biopsy is still required. The association of salivary KFLC and LFLC concentrations with saliva production and ESSPRI pain score suggests a complex relationship between dryness and pain in patients with SS.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Umberto Basile, Giuseppe Santini, Cecilia Napodano, Giuseppe Macis, Krizia Pocino, Francesca Gulli, Mario Malerba, Andrew Bush, Ian M. Adcock, Paolo Montuschi
Summary: This study found that serum Ig FLC concentrations were elevated in adult males with severe asthma, and these concentrations were correlated with inflammatory outcomes. These findings suggest that serum Ig FLCs could serve as potential surrogate markers of inflammation in asthma.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monika Gudowska-Sawczuk, Barbara Mroczko
Summary: This review evaluates the clinical significance of free light chains (FLCs) as potential biomarkers and discusses their application in various diseases associated with inflammation. Elevated levels of FLCs are associated with diagnosis and prognosis, making them valuable biomarkers in selected diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yang-Yu Huang, Xuan Liu, Shen-Hua Liang, Yu Hu, Guo-Wei Ma
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether preoperative tumor biomarkers CEA and NSE could serve as independent predictors for postoperative prognosis in patients with TETs. The results showed that preoperative serum CEA levels and tumor size may be strong predictors of postoperative overall survival in patients with TETs.
TECHNOLOGY IN CANCER RESEARCH & TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Monika Gudowska-Sawczuk, Piotr Czupryna, Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska, Slawomir Pancewicz, Barbara Mroczko
Summary: This study found statistically significant differences in serum and CSF lambda FLC, as well as in the calculated values of three algorithms: lambda IgG-index, kappa FLC-index, and lambda IgG-index before and after treatment of TBE. The results suggest an increase in intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins and the permeability of the blood-brain barrier in patients with TBE.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Caterina Maria Gambino, Luisa Agnello, Bruna Lo Sasso, Rosarioa Vincenza Giglo, Vincenzo Di Stefano, Giuseppina Candore, Emanuela Maria Pappalardo, Anna Maria Ciaccio, Felippo Brighina, Matteo Vidali, Marcello Ciaccio
Summary: This study evaluated the potential role of free light chains (FLC) as biomarkers for myasthenia gravis (MG) and found that increased FLC levels can serve as diagnostic biomarkers for MG.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akira Matsumori
Summary: Virus infection, inflammation, and genetic factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. NF-kappa B, a family of transcription factors, is critically involved in the activation and development of B cells and is closely associated with inflammation and diabetes development. Recent findings indicate that FLC lambda, found in increased levels in the sera of diabetes mellitus patients, and the FLC lambda and kappa/lambda ratios are more specific and sensitive markers for diagnosing diabetes compared to glycated hemoglobin A1c. This suggests that FLCs may serve as promising biomarkers of inflammation related to NF-kappa B activation in diabetes. Strategies targeting NF-kappa B may be effective in preventing and treating diabetes when FLCs are modified. FLCs could also serve as surrogate endpoints in diabetes management.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alexandru-Stefan Niculae, Lucia-Elena Niculae, Cristiana Vacaras, Vitalie Vacaras
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the levels of serum neurofilament light chains in pediatric patients with multiple sclerosis under the age of 18. The study found that pediatric patients had higher levels of serum neurofilament light chains at their first clinical demyelinating attack compared to the normal control group.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Franz Felix Konen, Philipp Schwenkenbecher, Konstantin Fritz Jendretzky, Stefan Gingele, Kurt-Wolfram Suhs, Hayrettin Tumani, Marie Suesse, Thomas Skripuletz
Summary: Free light chains (FLC), particularly the kappa isoform (KFLC), show high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in detecting intrathecal inflammation in central nervous system diseases. The measurement of KFLC is fully automated, stable against most influencing factors, and represents a promising diagnostic approach for neuroinflammatory diseases. Further multicenter studies are needed to establish the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of KFLC, using standardized cut-off values and non-linear formulas.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Arie R. Gafson, Xiaotong Jiang, Changyu Shen, Raj Kapoor, Henrik Zetterberg, Robert J. Fox, Shibeshih Belachew
Summary: This cohort study examines the serum neurofilament light concentration as a biomarker in relation to disability progression in multiple sclerosis, without considering the presence of acute inflammation.
Review
Surgery
Dorota Kwapisz
Summary: The structure and measurement methods of immunoglobulin and serum FLC were introduced in the article, and the clinical significance of sFLC in diagnosing and monitoring plasma cell dyscrasias as well as other diseases was discussed; among them, sFLCs may be helpful in early detection of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder and infection.
CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Yuka Mizuno, Sayaka Shibata, Tomomitsu Miyagaki, Yukiko Ito, Haruka Taira, Issei Omori, Teruyoshi Hisamoto, Kenta Oka, Kazuki M. Matsuda, Hikari Boki, Naomi Takahashi-Shishido, Makoto Sugaya, Shinichi Sato
Summary: In recent years, circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has gained attention as a biomarker for cancer. This study found that serum cfDNA levels in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) were significantly higher than healthy controls and increased with disease progression. There were positive correlations between cfDNA levels and certain blood markers and clinical findings, and higher cfDNA levels were associated with a worse prognosis in CTCL patients.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Vahid Azimi, Michael Slade, Mark Fiala, Julie M. Fortier, Keith Stockerl-Goldstein, John L. Frater, Jonathan R. Brestoff, Ronald Jackups, Mark A. Zaydman
Summary: This study developed two new serum free light chain (sFLC) interpretation methods, based on the sFLC ratio and a novel principal component analysis (PCA) metric, respectively. Compared to the manufacturer's reference interval, both new methods exhibited lower false positive rates and greater robustness to renal function while maintaining equivalent sensitivity for monoclonal gammopathy (MG) diagnosis.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patrick Altmann, Markus Ponleitner, Paulus Stefan Rommer, Helmuth Haslacher, Patrick Mucher, Fritz Leutmezer, Axel Petzold, Christoph Wotawa, Rupert Lanzenberger, Thomas Berger, Henrik Zetterberg, Gabriel Bsteh
Summary: The study found that the soluble serum and plasma NfL concentration remains stable when unprocessed blood samples are stored up to 7 days at room temperature, which is crucial for ensuring reliable study protocols.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
